scholarly journals THE ESTIMATION OF THE ECONOMIC USE AND LIFETIME PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED DEPENDING ON THE REASONS OF THEIR DISPOSAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Shulyar
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Reproductive Capability ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Dairy Breed

An important selection peculiarity of dairy cows is their productive longevity. Besides, the indicators of cow productivity along with genetic potential are the most important criteria of the economic efficiency of their use. Low or not sufficient level of lifetime productivity indicators and of the period of the economic use of cows determine the necessity of monitoring of the selection information according to these indicators in the breed herds as well as the of using corresponding selection methods for their improvement. The goal of our research was the estimation of an economic use of lifetime cow productivity of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed depending on the reasons of their disposal from the herd and genotype. The research was conducted at a private agrarian firm (PAF) «Yerchyky» Zhytomyr oblast according to the data of breeding and productive use of 497 cows which were disposed from the herd on different reasons. The reasons for the cow disposal were determined according to the veterinary disposal acts. The indicators of cow economic use and lifetime productivity were determined on the ground of the term of rearing, life duration, term of economic use, amount of lactations, the total duration of lactation period, milk yields, milk yield per one lactation day, per life, and per economic use. Statistical processing was performed by means of Microsoft Excel software kit using the methods of variation statistics. As follows from the results of the research, in the process of holsteinization the dynamics of the parameters of the economic use of cows is characterized by curvilineal type: as follows from the heterotic effect they increased in animals with an conditional share of genetic heredity of Holstein breed from 50 and 62.5 to 75%, and then when the genetic heredity share of the improved breed increased by more than 75% they got worse due to the contradiction “genotype-environment”. At the same time within the determined genotypes (1st group-up to 50%, 5th group-87.6–100%) the indicators of lifetime productivity increase in case of 66% of reliable results. Besides, the interconnection level of the indices of lifetime use of the dairy cows of different genotypes has been studied. The criteria of the significance of the correlation coefficients according to Student has been used. The closer the linkage, the higher the correlation coefficients and the higher the criteria of their reliability. Generalized criteria of reliability on the grounds of all indicators of lifetime use was the lowest in cows of the 1st and 2nd groups, and the highest in cows of the 3rd group with further decrease in high half-bred cows and pure-breed cows of the 4th and 5th groups. It testifies to the fact that there is a close interconnection between given parameters and real milk yields in 3rd group cows (62.6–75.0% of the improved Holstein breed). At present, the reason of the shortening of the period of economic use is an early disposal of cows from the herd. A greater part of milking cows is disposed in the most productive period or even before it. At the given enterprise, a vast majority of holsteinized cows (77.5%) was disposed from the herd on four main reasons: unsatisfactory reproductive capability (32.2%), limbs diseases (22.3%), postpartal complications (13.9%) and low productivity (9.1%). The other reasons for cow disposal were within 1.6–7.0% (totaled up 22.5%) as to the total number of cow population that were disposed of the herd. It should be mentioned that the disposal caused by low productivity was only in the first calvers of the 1st and 2nd groups, in which the conditional share of genetic heredity of a Holstein breed did not exceed 62.5%. The parameters of the economic use and of lifetime productivity of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cows of different genotypes which were disposed of the herd because of their unsatisfactory reproductive capability, limbs diseases, postpartal complications and low milking productivity have been also analyzed. It has been determined that the indicated reasons for the disposal had different effects on the parameters of an economic use and on cow productivity. Because of any of four indicated reasons for cow disposal of the herd under condition of in-barn keeping and optimal feeding the preference on lifetime productivity belongs to the cows of the 4th and 5th groups (with a conditional share of Holstein heredity of more than 75%) with simultaneous worsening of the indicators of economic use. As a third part of cows at this enterprise was disposed of the herd ahead of time on the reason of unsatisfactory reproductive capability, that results in breeding value and in the results of the economic use of cows, the updating of the technology of artificial animal insemination and renewal will promote to solving the problem.

scholarly journals USEFUL FEATURES OF DAIRY COWS AND THEIR CONNECTION WITH PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 50-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Mazur ◽  
Ye. I. Fedorovych ◽  
V. V. Fedorovych
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Selection Of

A fundamental genetic improvement of domestic dairy breeds is carried out by using the gene pool of the best foreign breeds, in particular Holstein. This approach has greatly improved the milk productivity of cows, but has led to a significant deterioration in reproduction, longevity, product quality, general animal health etc. Taking into account that the increase of the milk productivity of cows leads to a shortening of their use, this problem will only become aggravated over time. Therefore, it is now necessary to direct scientific research into a comprehensive assessment of animals taking into account the signs of lifelong productivity. In view of the above, the purpose of our research was to study the economic utility signs of dairy cows and their relationship with productive longevity. The research was conducted on cows of Holstein (n = 2902), Ukrainian Black- (n = 14876) and Red-and-White (n = 2176) dairy breeds. To characterize the economic useful signs of animals of the studied breeds based on the materials of the primary zootechnical and breeding records, weighed growth of animals, reproductive capacity, milk productivity and duration and efficiency of lifetime use were studied. It was established that heifers of investigated dairy breeds were characterized by a moderate intensity of growth of live weight, as evidenced by average daily increments from birth to 18 months of age: in animals of Holstein breed – 644, Ukrainian Black-and-White milk breed – 641 and Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed 692 g. The first fruitful insemination of heifers of the Holstein breed occurred on average at the age of 19.1, Ukrainian Black and Red-and-White dairy breeds - 20.4 and 20.8 months, while their live weight at that was 405.3; 414.3 and 438.5 kg respectively. The milk yield of the Holstein breed cows, depending on the lactation, was 4846–7920 kg, the fat content in milk was 3.63–3.74% and the amount of milk fat was 181.2–279.7 kg, the Ukrainian Black-and-White milk breed was 4008–6317 kg, 3.63–3.70% and 148.6–228.8 kg respectively, while Ukrainian Red-and-White milk is 4578–6592 kg, 3.74–3.87% and 177.2–245.9 kg. The cows of the given breeds were used in herds only 2.32–2.50 lactation. The highest life milk yield was noted in animals of the Holstein breed (18,669 kg), and the lowest (14,940 kg) in the cows of the Ukrainian Red-and-White breed. Correlation analysis of economic characteristics of dairy cows with indicators of their productive longevity confirms the possibility of conducting an indirect predictive selection of animals in order to form high-yielding herds with long-term economic use. Among the studied features, the greatest predictive value (P < 0.001) for the indicators of life expectancy, productive use, lactation, the number of lactation per life, life yield and lifetime of milk fat have yield of cows for the first (r = -0.217 – +0.205) and the best lactation (r = +0.061 – +0.609). An intermediary predictive selection of animals can also be carried out according to the duration of their first service period (r = -0.462 – +0.106) and live weight during growing season (r = -0.286 – +0.126). It was established that live weight at the first insemination and the first calving significantly influenced the indicators of life yields, economic use and lactation of animals, as evidenced mainly by higher and reliable values of correlation coefficients between these indices. It should also be noted that the correlation coefficients between the live weight of cows in the first calving and the duration of life, productive use, lactation and the number of lactations in life were somewhat higher but negative values (r = -0,130 – -0,070), compared with the between live weight at the time of first insemination and the above indicators of longevity of animals (r = -0,037 – +0,094). This suggests that the effect of live weight on the first calving of animals on their longevity was somewhat higher than the effect of live weight at the first insemination. Our data show that the selection of cows by the age of the first calving and the duration of the first lactation is not significant, since there is practically no link between these features and the indicators of productive longevity.

scholarly journals CONDITIONALITY OF PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY AND LIFELONG PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF BLACK-WHITE BREED BY GENETIC FACTORS

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 222-227
Author(s):  
T. M. Komendant
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Use

Objective: to study the dependence of productive longevity of cows of black and motley breed on genetically determined factors - linearity and bloodiness in Holstein breed. Methods: zootechnical, biological, statistical. The materials of the studies were pedigree cards of cows  and bulls, bull catalogs, zootechnical reports on pedigree work with the herd, the cattle base of the Grodno region, and also registers of rearing and rearing of the litter. To study the effect on the longevity of cows and their lifelong productivity of the "linear accessory" factor, all animals that were eliminated in 2006-2014 were divided into groups according to the lines: Adema 25437, Annas Adema 30587, Vis Eidial 933122, Montvik Chiftein 95679, Nico 31652 , Pabst Governera 882933, Reflection Sovering 198998, S. Sensation 1267271, Hiltes Adema 37910. Depending on the bloodiness of the Holstein breed, the animals were divided into four groups: I - up to 25% of Holstein genes, II- 25,0 – 49,9% of the genes of the Holstein genus, III - Holstein blood 50% and more, IV - purebred black-motley cows. Indicators of milk productivity (life-time milk yield (kg) and lifetime yield of milk fat (kg), milk yield for 1 day of lactation (kg), total duration of the lactation period (days) were studied in the experimental animals, and the duration of economic use (lactations). Main results. The results obtained during the statistical processing of data indicate that the cows belonging to the Pabst Governera line 882933 differed in the longest period of economic use among the abandoned animals. Duration of use in animals of this line was 8.43 lactations, which is more than for cows of other lines at 1,72-6,67 lactation. It should be noted that cows belonging to the Adem 25437 lines (6,71 lactations) and S. Sensation 1267271 (5,49 lactations) were also characterized by a rather long period of economic use. Due to the long period of use of the cow, the Pabst Governera line 882933 had the highest indicator of lifelong milk yield – 51535,58 kg of milk and the yield of milk fat – 1914,03. But as for milk for one day of lactation, here the leadership belonged to individuals belonging to the line Vis Eidial 933122 and amounted to 21,19 kg of milk per day. Also, a fairly high indicator of milk yield for one day of lactation was observed in animals belonging to the line Montvik Chiftain 95679 – 21,02 kg of milk. As a result of the research it was found that the largest term of economic use was characterized by low-breed hybrids with Holstein breed (up to 25%) – 3,63 lactations. This group of animals exceeded the individuals of the remaining groups by 0,21-0,76 lactations. It is worth noting that purebred black-motley individuals also differed by a long period of productive use – 3,42 lactations. Conclusions. Analysis of the impact on productive longevity and indicators of lifetime productivity of the "linearity" factor among abandoned animals in the "Progress-Vertelishki" made it possible to establish the existence of significant differences in the duration of economic use of cows of different linear affiliation. Cows of the Pabst Governera line 882933 – 8,43 lactations, 51535,58 kg of milk and 1914,03 kg of milk fat were distinguished by the greatest period of productive longevity, and also by the highest milk yield and milk fat content. It was established that the crossing of black and white cattle with Holstein breed positively influenced the productive longevity of animals, but on condition that the blood on the improving rock did not exceed 25%. Low-breed hybrids with Holstein breed exceeded the animals of other groups by the duration of their economic use by 0,21-0,76 lactations. Thus, we recommend breeding cows of black and motley breeds in the "Progress-Vertelishki", taking into account the impact on productive longevity and milk productivity of such factors as linearity and bloodiness in Holstein breed.

scholarly journals The genotype influence for duration of the productive use of cows and the reasons of its disposal

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Novak
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Dairy Breed

The results of studies on the life and productive use of cows of different genotypes Ukrainian black and white dairy breed are presented in the article. It was established that the life expectancy of laboratory animals averaged 1851 ± 28 days and duration of productive use – 1065 ± 26.8 days. With increasing of blood Holstein breed productive use of animals decreased from 1158 (in cows with a share of inheritance Holstein below 50%) to 979 days (75% or more-blood animals). The high variability of life and productive use of cows all genotypes (Cv = 26 – 53%) are found out, which indicates ample opportunity to select animals according to these characteristics. The largest herd of cows (30.1%) dropped out due to poor performance and dysfunction of reproductive ability (25.9%). 20.3% of cows dropped out of the herd because of the physiological old age, 14.6% – because of udder disease, 9.1 % – as a result of injury. Withdrawal almost half of the animals (49.6%) from the herd is the result of causal relationships. One such feature is the certain sequence of events in time: cause precedes consequence. It is determined that between cause and consequence is genetic connection. At a certain stage of development the cause generates consequence. In the breeding aspect it could be minimized by setting optimal in terms of duration and efficiency of economic use of genotype of animals that are in specific ecological conditions of the environment. Birth calves per 100 cows, the coefficient of reproductive ability and fertility index animals grew with age. In order to increase the number, maintaining good performance reproductive ability and relatively higher fat and protein in milk black and white cows in the future breeding Ukrainian black and white dairy breed genotypes should be used, in which the share of inheritance Holstein breed is not more than 75%. However, the economies of the region should focus on preventive measures to non-communicable diseases, improving animal welfare.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY OF THE COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED UKRAINIAN DEPENDING ON HEREDITARY FACTORS

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Shulyar
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Cultivation Period ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Dairy Breed

A rather low productive longevity of cows, particularly among holsteinized cattle stock, is observed in dairy husbandry of Ukraine. In the process of creating new dairy breeds in Ukraine, the reduction of cows’ lifespan and productive longevity along with yield increase are observed. The scientists’ research revealed the tendency to cows’ long-term performance reduction under the increasing of the genetic potential of a herd. It stipulates the topicality of the research as to the search of the effective genetic and selective methods of lengthening animals’ long-term performance. The goal of the research was to study the indicators of economic use and lifetime productivity of daughters from different bulls, as well as from different cows’ lines of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. The research was conducted on the materials of a stud farm «Yerchyky» in Zhytomyr oblast which specializes in Ukrainian black-and-white livestock breeding, as well as on using own experimental data. The indices of cow economic use and lifetime productivity were determined on the ground of the term of rearing, life duration, term of economic use, amount of lactations, the total duration of lactation period, milk yields, milk yield per one lactation day, per life, and per economic use. The reasons for their disposal were determined according to veterinary disposal acts. The statistical data processing was done using the method of variational statistics. The power of influence of both, the paternity and the linear belonging, was determined by single-factor variance analysis. Having evaluated the daughters from different bulls of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed on a stud farm “Yerchyky”, it has been determined that daughters of Dilaita 542206 had better indices of economic use. They had both, the longest lifespan and the longest economic use, under uncertain distinction between them and the daughters from other bulls. The number of lactations in daughters from different bulls was low – in the range of 2.0 to 2.5. The coefficient of economic use was in the range of 48.4–50.5%. A long-life milk yield of daughters of Dilaita 542206 was the highest, but they had absolute advantage only above the half-sisters from stud bulls Virnyi 4975 and Klen 5221. The highest milk yield per lactation day had the daughters of Filder 5573125 (16.6 kg), which is by 2.8 kg more than the milk yield received from the daughters of Virnyi 4975, by 1 kg more than from the daughters of Dilait 5422064, by 2.9 kg more than from the female descendants of Klen 5212.   On a one day basis of economic use, the highest milk yield had half-sisters of Kondon bull 397111, that is by 2.2 kg more than had the daughters of Virnyi 4975, by 1.8 kg more than had the daughters of Klen 5212. Practically there is no difference as to the milk yield of daughters of Dilait 5422064 and that of Fidler 5573215. The descendants of Fidler 5573125 had the highest milk yield per one day of life. The parameters of economic use and of the lifetime productivity of the cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed have been studied comparing different lines. The longest lifespan had the cows of Starbuck line, the cows of Waliant line had the longest economic use under uncertain difference when comparing with the descendants of other lines. The number of lactations was low and ranged from 2.3 to 2.6. The coefficient of economic use of the cows of different lines was within 48.6–54.00%. The highest life-term milk yield had the cows of Valiant and Vis Burke Aidiala lines. These cows had the best indices of economic use and of lifetime productivity, they had the highest milk yield per one lactation day. By means of single-factor variance analysis it has been determined that the paternity has a significant impact on the indices of economic use as well as on a linear belonging. A reliable part of bulls influence on the duration of cultivation period makes 7.2%, on milking yield per one day of lactation – 12.6%, on one day of economic use – 4.8%, on one day of life – 4.2%. The influence of linear belonging was lower. A reliable part of linear belonging influence on the duration of cultivation period makes 2.9%, on milking yield per one lactation period – 9.5%, and on one day of economic use – 3.3%.

scholarly journals PREDICTION OF PEDIGREE VALUE OF PROVEN BULLS DURING THE USE OF THEIR SEMEN IN SELECTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
А. P. Krugliak
Keyword(s):  
Initial Level ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Genetic Trend ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Forecasting Method ◽  
Method Of Evaluation

The results of research on the variability of breeding value of proven bulls of the Holstein breed during 8-year utilization of their semen in herds of German Holstein and Red-and-White breeds are presented. The correlation coefficients between the estimation of the breeding value, obtained as a result of the first assessment with a high rank of repeatability (75% and above) and revaluation of the second year of the use of bulls were +0.747 ± 0.133 and constantly decreased with subsequent revaluation up to +0.320 ± 0.271, obtained during the 8th year of using their semen. There is also a straightforward regression between the values of the breeding value of each subsequent estimate to the first breeding value (Rni / 1), which decreased from 0.880 ± 0,153 between the indicators of the second and the first up to 0.185 ± 0.189 – the eighth with the first estimate. On the basis of correlation coefficients and regression between the indicators of the first assessment with a rank of repeatability of 75% and above with its (annual) revaluations, the genetic trend of milk productivity in the populations of Ukrainian Black-and-White and Red-and-White dairy breeds during 2010–2017 years, and the results of previous research, a forecasting method has been developed duration of preservation of proven bulls breeding value, depending on its initial level. The duration of keeping the bulls breeding value according to the indicators of milk productivity of Ukrainian black-and-white and red-and-white dairy breeds depends on its initial level and the size of the genetic trend. The bulls with an initial breeding value up to 500 kg of milk keep it within the limits of the plus variant for 4 years, 501–1000 – 8; 1001–1500 – 11; 1501–2000 – 15 and 2001–2500 – 18 years. In the process of researching the variability of the pedigree values of bulls by the results of their daughters' productivity, obtained in different generations, we have established the following factors that influence the accuracy of its forecasting for the th year of the use of bulls: - method of assessing breeding value (should use the same method of evaluation for all bulls); - repeatability of the results of the first assessment of the breeding value (must be at least 75%, depending on the number of daughters and herds in which the assessment is carried out); - the peculiarities of the animal genotypes on which the first estimate is made (genetic progress of the milk productivity of different breeds is different); - level of milk production of herds; - the breeding value of other bulls used in herds.

scholarly journals Influence of outbreeding and inbreeding on the productive longevity of dairy cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (79) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Babik ◽  
Ye. I. Fedorovych
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Lifetime Number ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Close Inbreeding

The data on the indicators of the duration and effectiveness of life-time use of Holstein, Ukrainian Black and Red-and White dairy cows obtained from unrelated and different degrees of related mating are presented. The sample includes information on zootechnical records of 15 farms of different regions of Ukraine (Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, Volyn, Rivne, Ternopil, Vinnytsya, Kyiv, Cherkasy, Chernihiv and Kirovograd). To assess the productive longevity of cows for each cow were examined such indicators as life expectancy, economic use and lactation, life expectancy, life expectancy of fat in milk, life expectancy of milk fat, average yields for one day of life, one day of economic use and one day of lactation, lactation coefficient. It was established that among studied livestock of dairy breeds more cows was obtained by outbreeding (Holstein breed – 62.2, Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy – 75.5 and Ukrainian Red-and-White – 76.9%). Among the inbred animals, more cows were obtained from distant and moderate degrees of family ties. At the same time, inbred animals were characterized by higher rates of productive longevity compared with outbreeds. Among the inbred animal life expectancy, lasting productive use, duration of lactation, lifetime milk yield, lifetime number of milk fat and number of lactations for the life cows of all studied species obtained by close and moderate inbreeding were the best (exception – lifetime yield of Ukrainian Black- and Red-and-White and lifelong amount of milk fat of Red-and-White animals. According to inbreeding rate less than 0.78 and more than 12.5%, there was a significant deterioration in both the duration of productive use of cows and their lifelong yields. Inbred depression was detected only in Holstein breed animals, which were obtained by close inbreeding. This indicates a significant decline in most indicators of their productive longevity. Ukrainian Black and Red-and-White dairy breeds, which were obtained through close inbreeding, the indicators of life expectancy and life expectancy, on the contrary, increased compared with outbred animals.

scholarly journals Population-genetic parameters of the traits of the body structure of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
L. Khmelnychyi ◽  
S. Khmelnychyi
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Body ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Dairy Breed

Researches of the linear traits of the body structure of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed were conducted in the herd of the breeding plant of the Pidlisnivskoyi branch of PJSC «Rise-Maksymko» in Sumy region. The results of the correlated variability between conformation measurements and the value of animal milk yield in the age-related lactation dynamics were presented. Positive correlation coefficients were determined within the statistical significance between measurements and milk yield of first-born cows: height at withers (r=0,422) and sacrum (0,353), chest depth (r=0,362), width in pin (r=0,311), hip bone (0,271 ) and ischial humps (r=0.366); oblique body length (r=0,286) and rear (r=0,244); chest girth (r=0.391). With age ties are weakening. The degree of heritability measurements varies within the traits and age of cows. In the herd of the breeding farm revealed sufficient, reliable by Fisher's criterion, the level of inheritance coefficients, which will provide adequate efficiency of mass selection by height measurements at the withers (h2=0,347) and sacrum (h2=0,288), depth (h2=0,244) and chest girth (h2=0,348), rear width (h2=0,251‒0,264), oblique body length (h2=0,318) and rear part (h2=0,216), for which animals differed at the age of the first lactation. It was determined that the share of variability of measurements of the main traits of the body structure is caused by the heritability of improving breed (22.1‒36.4 %), parent breeding value of cows (16.1‒37.7 %), blood of father (10.9‒26, 6 %) and father line (8.6‒19.6 %). The positive correlation coefficients have been determined between the majority of body parts measurements and the value of milk yield, and the sufficient level of heritability in age-related lactation dynamics were the motivating factors for efficiency of selective breeding of dairy cattle breed by conformation. Power of influence of the breeding value of parent and his origin on the indicators of the conformation measurements of their offspring indicated the need to consider when selection of indicators of comprehensive assessment the breeding value of sires. Key words: Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed, cows, measurements, correlation, inheritance, power of influence, hope.

scholarly journals DEPENDENCE OF DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY COWS OF UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED ON GENOTYPIC AND PARATYPIC FACTORS

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Leontiі Khmelnychyi ◽  
Valeriia Pryimachok ◽  
Maksym Prokopovych ◽  
Serhii Kholod ◽  
Serhii Hryshyn
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Maternal Line ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Reliable Effect ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
Dairy Breed

Researches to study the milk productivity dependence of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy cows on genotypic and paratypic factors were conducted in the breeding farm PAE "Piskivske" Bakhmach district of Chernihiv region. The most representative five genotypic groups of animals divided by the conditional share of heredity of Holstein breed were studied: I - livestock with a share of blood 50.01-56.25; II - 56.26-62.50; III - 62.51-75.00 and IV - 75.01-87.50; V - 87.51% and <. By comparing different genotype groups of cows installed dependence of yield amount on conditional share of inheritance Holstein breed. With the growth conditional proportion of Holstein blood, milk yield increased during the evaluated first three and higher lactations. The high and reliable effect was found on the yield amount of cows firstborn by factors of birth (  = 0.329) and calving (   = 0.336). The share of birth and calving season influence on milk yield although insignificant but reliable and amounted to 3.7 and 5.3%, respectively. The value of milk yield of cows firstborn in the controlled herd greatly depended on the sire genotype (  = 0.315), cow's conditional blood by Holstein breed (  = 0.264), father breeding value (   = 0.335) and mother cow's father (  = 0.340), paternal (   = 0.163) and maternal line (   = 0.089). According to research results was substantiated expediency of monitoring selection information, identification and use of animal-specific patterns of leading traits development of milk productivity depending on the geno-  and paratypic factors influence in the selection process of pedigree herd formation.

scholarly journals The genetic determination of the economically useful characteristics of the cows of ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (89) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Shulyar
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Mass Measurements ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Private Research ◽  
Dairy Breed

The economically useful characteristics of dairy cows depend on many genetic, physiological, technological and environmental factors. The modern cow population of Ukrainian dairy cows was formed by using the improved Holstein breed. The contribution of this breed into both the creation and the improvement of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed is reflected in its genealogic structure, as the prevailing part of the lines is of Holstein origin. That’s why the estimation of animals of different lines and the male descendants of the bulls in service according to the main economically useful characteristics is one of the most topical matters concerning the improvement of the rate of genetic potential realization of the animals under peculiar conditions as well as of the formation of highly productive and profitable dairy herds. As it follows from mentioned above, the goal of our research was to determine the effects of the bulls in service and their belonging to the line on economically useful characteristics of the cows. The material for the research was the information concerning the breed and productive use of the cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed on the breeding plant of the private agrarian firm (PAF) “Yerchyky” of Zhytomyr oblast, as well as the results of private research. To make an analysis there was used the information about the cows which were lactating for the period of 7 years when the feeding and keeping conditions were similar ones. For the purpose of the research on the genetic determination of economically useful characteristics of the cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed, it has been made an analysis from among the groups of paternity and linear belonging. The comparison of group middle young cows’ indices from different bulls in service and cows of various linear belonging has been made on the live mass, measurements and indices of body constitution, on milk productivity and morpho-functional characteristics of the udder as well as on their reproductive capacity. A considerable and highly reliable level of intergroup differentiation of cows of various linear belonging as well as of half-sisters by the bull has been determined on the economically useful characteristics. By means of single-factor variance analysis it has been determined that the paternity has a significant effect on the economically useful characteristics of cows that stipulates 0.71–21.92% of total phenotypic changeability of the characteristics being taken into account, whereas the belonging to the line was 0.54–12.70%. The study of the effects of paternity and linear belonging of cows on the parameters of their life-long productivity will be the perspective of the further research.

scholarly journals PHENOTYPE FEATURES APPEARANCE OF DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT UKRAINIAN DAIRY BLACK-AND-WHITE BREED COWS GENOTYPES

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Pendyuk ◽  
V. V. Fedorovych ◽  
N. P. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
A Share

The main task of breeding in dairy cattle breeding is to raise dairy productivity of cows. Improvement of productive qualities of domestic dairy cattle with the use of Holstein breeders of high breeding value led to serious disadvantages, including impairment of animal health, reproductive capacity and quality of milk. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to examine the milk productivity of cows of different genotypes of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed and ascertain the relationship between quantitative and qualitative indicators of milk. Research conducted at agricultural limited liability company "Lishche" Lutsk district of Volyn region on cows of different genotypes of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed. 5 groups of animals were formed: I − cows with a proportion of Holstein breed 75% or less, II − with a share Holstein heredity 75.1–81.25%, III − Holstein heredity share 81.26–87.50%, ІV − with a share of the heredity of the Holstein 87.51–93.75% and V − with a share of the heredity of the Holstein more than 93.75%. Evaluation of milk productivity was carried out by milk yield, fat content in milk and the amount of milk fat for the first, second, third and highest lactations according to the data of zootechnical accounting. It was found that the largest number of animals under control (33.7%) was with the relative share of Holstein heredity of 81.26–87.50%, and the lowest (9.3%) was with relative share of the Holstein breed's heredity more than 93.75%. Analysis of the level of milk yield of cows of different genotypes showed that the increase of Holstein heredity increases milk yields, however, significantly reduces the fat content of milk. If the animals have a share of Holstein heredity up to 75% the milk yields was 5154, and the amount of milk fat − 199.7 kg, and cows with hereditary of 75.10–81.25% showed figures increased by 16.4 and 15.5%, with Holstein heredity 81.26–87.50% by 23.3 and 20.8%, Holstein heredity 87.51–93.75% for 26.1 and 23.2% and with Holstein heredity more than 93.75% for 34.8 and 31.4%, and fat content in milk, on the contrary, decreased, depending on the genotype of animals, by 1.6–2.3%. In all in the above cases, these changes were highly significant (P < 0.001). The effectiveness of breeding on increasing the milk productivity of cows depends on the efficiency of selection and selection of animals, taking into account the phenotypic and genetic correlation between economically useful features. It was found that the studied cows of all genotypes had highest highly reliable (P < 0.001) positive values of correlation coefficients between milk yield and milk fat (Table 2). These features are the most predicted because strong relationship between them (r = 0.912–0.987). There was also observed direct positive ligament (r = 0.039–0.533, P < 0.05–0.001) between fat content in milk and milk fat content, and mostly weak, and only in some cases correlation coefficients had average values. The cows of the studied genotypes had the lowest and for the most part unreliable values of relative variability by the milk yields and fat content milk. The heifers with conditional share of Holstein heredity, more than 75% had negative and weak relationship features, and the older cows were diversified from weak to average values. One of the reliable criteria for determining the level of heredity of features is the coefficient of frequency, which indicates their heredity stability in age. Coefficients of age-related frequency of milk yield, fat content of milk and the highest milk fat content of cows with a conditional share of Holstein heredity of up to 75% had indicating a higher degree of heredity of these features compared to high half-bred cows. With the increasing of heredity of the Holstein breed the genotype of controlled animals values were decreasing for the most part. The most significant and reliable (P < 0.001) genotype of animals affected milk yields (13.3–18.1% of the total variability of this feature), less – the fat content of milk (9.3–13.2% (P < 0.001) and the amount of milk fat (6.6–14.1% (P < 0.001), with the highest genotype influence on the studied features indicated in the first lactation.

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