EVALUATION OF AGRO-AMELIORATIVE CONDITION OF THE MAIN TYPES OF SOILS OF RICE CROP ROTATION

Relevance of research. The most common irrigation regime for rise in the world is constant flooding. Soils of rice crop rotation undergo significant changes during the construction of rice irrigation systems, and during their operation. This leads to the formation of so-called "rice soils" that is the result of the transformation of full-profile soils, which were partially or completely disturbed when planning and building rice checks. Keeping the water layer in the field for 4-5 months leads to irreversible changes in the morphological, physical and chemical soil properties. Therefore, it is relevant to determine the indicators of the soil cover, taking into account the features of the soils of rice crop rotations, in order to prevent the development of degradation processes and increase the productivity of rice crop rotation. The purpose of the study is to determine the main indicators of soil cover of rice crop rotation and their testing on a rice irrigation system with an area of 190 hectares. Methods and methods of research. During the study the following methods were used: field method - to study the basic soil properties; laboratory one - to study of physical and chemical, ameliorative, agrochemical soil properties and chemical composition of irrigation, subsoil, drainage and waste water; mathematical and statistical, comparative and retrospective - to evaluate the study results of the basic soil fertility indices. The research was carried out in the area of a rice irrigation system with 8-field crop rotation, where the proportion of rice does not exceed 50%. Rice was grown in accordance with the technology of rice growing, taking into account environmental protection requirements. For the companion crops, commonly used cultivation technologies were used. The system has been operated in a project mode for 50 years. The soil cover of the investigated system is represented by dark chestnut alkalized (72.9 hectares), meadow solonetz(18.9 hectares) and meadow chestnut alkalized (75.8 hectare) soil types. Research results. On the basis of analysis of retrospective data of monitoring study of the main indicators of agro-amelioration status of soils under rice crop rotation, the indicators of soil condition for the main soil types of rice irrigation systems were determined: groundwater level, groundwater mineralization, content of light-soluble salts in arable layer, chlorine ions content in soil-water extract, toxic salt content, soil salt balance, humus content, the content of easily hydrolyzed nitrogen compounds, the density of upper humus layer, the content of air-dry aggregates, content of water-stable aggregates. Conclusions. The approbation of the developed soil condition indicators on the rice irrigation system of the Rice Institute of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences was carried out, which enabled to identify the main problems and specify the ways to overcome them. In the areas with meadow chestnut alkalized and meadow solonetzsoil types, it is necessary to increase their drainage capacity, namely to repair drainage networks. In the whole area of the investigated rice irrigation system, it is necessary to increase the proportion of perennial legumes and fallow land in the crop rotation, to do soil slitting or other types of mechanical soil treatments to improve its structural and aggregate composition, in particular, the content of air-dry soil aggregates in size of 0.25-10,00 mm and water-stable soil aggregates larger than 25 mm.

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Influence of Soil Properties on the Phytotoxicity of Atrazine, Ametryne, Prometryne, and Diuron in Puerto Rican Soils

The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico ◽

10.46429/jaupr.v52i4.11486 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 269-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. C. Liu ◽

H. Cibes Viadé

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Soil Property ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Types ◽

Wide Range ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Dosage Prediction ◽

Concentration Series ◽

And Chemical Properties

Thirteen soils representing a wide range of physical and chemical properties were used in this study. Four herbicides including Atrazine, Ametryne, Prometryne, and Diuron were applied at a concentration series from 0.5 to 32 p.p.m. to each soil, with the exception of Caño Tiburones soil. Kanota oat (Avena sativa L.) was chosen as an indicator plant. ED50 values were obtained for the various soil types. The result indicated that ED50 values varied greatly with different soil types. Simple, partial, and multiple correlations were made among ED50 values and different soil properties. It was found that the organic matter was the major soil property which contributed chiefly to the phytotoxicity of herbicides. A theoretical relationship between percent soil organic matter and p.p.m.w. of herbicides required for 50-percent fresh-weight reduction of oat was obtained for herbicide dosage-prediction purpose.

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Characteristics of the soil in mountain beech communities on mountain Manjaca

Glasnik Sumarskog fakulteta ◽

10.2298/gsf0898075e ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 75-87

Author(s):

Sasa Eremija

Keyword(s):

Forest Cover ◽

Chemical Nature ◽

Soil Cover ◽

Beech Forest ◽

Soil Types ◽

Laboratory Research ◽

Forest Types ◽

Chemical Soil ◽

Main Factors ◽

Physical And Chemical

The presented results of soil study, which will be used for defining the beech forest types of management unit 'Dubicka Gora' on Mt. Manjaca, are the basis for solving a series of current tasks of forestry profession. Relief and chemical nature of limestone are the main factors of the soil cover differentiation (Knezevic, Kosanin, 2004.). The results of physical and chemical soil properties are shown and its taxonomy is determined. Forest cover is represented by heterogeneous units-forest combinations. Four basic soil types are defined on the basis of detailed field and laboratory research: rendzina on dolomite, chernozem on limestone, brown soil on limestone, illimerised soil on limestone and dolomite.

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Effect of Tillage and Residue Retention on Soil Properties and Crop Yields in Wheat-Mungbean-Rice Crop Rotation under Subtropical Humid Climate

Open Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4236/ojss.2017.71001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 07 (01) ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nazmus Salahin ◽

Khairul Alam ◽

Abu Taher Mohammad Anwarul Islam Mondol ◽

Mahammad Shariful Islam ◽

Md. Harunur Rashid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Rice Crop ◽

Humid Climate ◽

Residue Retention

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SUBSTANTIATION OF EVALUATION CRITERIA FOR OVERALL FUNCTIONING EFFICIENCY OF UKRAINIAN DANUBE RICE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0010.4722 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

Anatoly Rokochynskyy ◽

Sergey Mendus ◽

Turchenyuk Basil

Keyword(s):

Irrigation System ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Rice Crop ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Complex Process ◽

Rice Irrigation ◽

Rotation Culture ◽

Overall Functioning

The paper presents the results of studies the efficiency of the Danube rice irrigation systems south of Ukraine on the basis of appropriate analysis of productivity leading rice rotation culture - the culture of rice. Substantiated a set of indicators covering different aspects of the complex process of formation of a crop of rice crop, with the aim of improving and optimizing the management of rice irrigation system in compliance with the modern ecological and economic requirements.

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Agroecological estimation of soilsdraft soviets of Sarpin lower

Rossiiskaia selskokhoziaistvennaia nauka ◽

10.31857/s2500-26272019134-39 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 34-39

Author(s):

E. B. Dedova ◽

G. N. Konieva

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Soil Cover ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Crop Rotations ◽

Rice Crop ◽

Plant Residues ◽

Residual Moisture ◽

The Republic

The purpose of the research is to study the phytomeliorative properties of the accompanying crops of rice crop rotations and the degree of their influence on the soil fertility indicators of rice fields. Experimental studies are conducted on rice pouches located in the zone of activity of the Sarpinskaya irrigation and irrigation system of the Republic of Kalmykia, the source of which is the river Volga. The soil cover of rice fields is represented by solonetzic light chestnut and brown semi-desert soils in combination with solonetzes. To diversify into rice degraded agro landscapes, the effect of phyto-meliorants on soil fertility of rice fields was studied. It has been revealed that in order to improve the meliorative state and increase the soil fertility of rice fields, it is necessary to provide for the cultivation of accompanying crops of rice cropland (spring rape, mustard, sunflower, lucerne sowing) with the use of residual moisture reserves after rice. Agroecological assessment of soils of rice crop rotations has been carried out, which has shown the effectiveness of meliorating influence of ameliorant crops, which consists in enriching the soil with organic matter due to additional plant residues entering the soil, increasing its biological activity, improving agrophysical and agrohydrological properties.

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Continuality and dyscretivity of soils for fields: applied consequences for agriculture

Fundamental and Applied Soil Science ◽

10.15421/041502 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (1-2) ◽

pp. 11-25

Author(s):

V. V. Medvedev

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Soil Cover ◽

Soil Formation ◽

Hierarchical Level ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Gradual Change ◽

Horizontal Structure ◽

Small Areas ◽

Properties Of Soil

The continuality is considered as the fundamental feature of a soil cover consisting gradual change of its properties in space, synchronized with changes of soil factors formation, and dyscretivity is mainly artificial the introduced category caused by classification appreciably various genetic and agritechnologic divisions. The soil cover is studied basically as continual and is very weak as a discrete body, especially if it to consider at an original average hierarchical level (mean spatial heterogeneity of many soil properties within the limits of polypedon, or, in a context of present article, – fields of a crop rotation). Certainly, it brakes successful development of representations about a soil horizontal structure and, as consequence, practical appendices of heterogeneity to precise agriculture. Zonal systems of agriculture are based on an environment of a zone and in essence reflect average continual features of a soil cover. Precise systems are under construction on the basis of dyscretivity of a soil cover – new soil borders which are used for allocation of soil contours within the limits of a field for differentiation of ways and intensity of tillage, dozes of fertilizers application and chemical ameliorants. In article attempt to use the established representations about spatial features of soil properties for improvement of modern practice of agriculture, especially precise agriculture, including ways of a finding of the area of contours of a field with different parameters of fertility are made. As objects 6 fields are used, three from which are located to Polesye, two – in Forest-Steppe and one – in Steppe. Use of principles of precise agriculture and inspection of display soil properties of fields on a regular grid has allowed to divide fields into contours with three levels of fertility, one of which is characterized by properties optimum or close to them, that allows to refuse (or it is essential to reduce) from application of tillage, fertilizer or chemical ameliorants. Precise agriculture – perspective soil – and energy saving the system reflecting heterogeneity of a field of a crop rotation, should replace traditional zonal systems of agriculture. Thus, on the basis of research of various displays of heterogeneity - continual when properties of soil in space change gradually, synchronously to factors of soil formation, and discrete when properties of soil change in the limits of small areas necessity of introduction of new borders for the soil cover, based on horizontal studying of soil properties, – morphological, physical, physic-mechanical and others is proposed. By means of borders the configuration of industrial working sites for the differentiated application of agritechnological operations is proved.

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Properties and genesis of soils in the Balagansk forest-steppe of Central Siberia and their ecological and resource potential

Почвы и окружающая среда ◽

10.31251/pos.v2i4.33 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Natalia A. Martynova ◽

Victoria Yu. Vlasova

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Soil Cover ◽

Soil Formation ◽

Natural Fertility ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Resource Potential ◽

Irkutsk Region ◽

Formation Conditions ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Genesis Of Soils

The aim of the study. To study the properties and genesis of natural soils of forest-steppe areas of Balagansk steppe. Location and time. The environs of Balagansk settlement in the Balagansky district of Irkutsk region, 2013-2018. Methodology. Combined field and laboratory studies of soil cover and soil properties using soil-morphological, pedo-lithological, climatostratigraphic, botanical, geological-geomorphological and comparative geographical methods, as well as various physical and chemical analyses. Main results. The study of soil properties of the Balagansk’ forest-steppe and assessment of their classification position revealed the basic regularities of geographical distribution of soils. In steppe areas of the studied region clay-illuvial and textural-carbonate chernozems were formed. The forest vegetation favoured the developed of residual-carbonate gray, dark gray, gray and dark gray metamorphic and burozemic soils; the floodplain areas are predominantly occupied by gley soils and dark-humus gleic soils. Conclusion. The study of soil and vegetation cover of the Balagansk’ forest-steppe showed that soils were developed on the eluvium-deluvium of carbonate Cambrian red-colored siltstones and loess cover and have sufficiently high natural fertility and ecological and resource potential. The soils of the investigated area are characterized by a large variety and complex polygenetic structure of the soil profile, which reflects the change of soil formation’ conditions during Holocene-Pleistocene.

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