Спектрально-люминесцентные свойства кристаллов ZrO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=--Sc-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=--Tb-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-

Crystals of the concentration series ZrO2- (8-10) mol.% Sc2O3- (1-2) mol.% Tb2O3 were grown by the method of directional crystallization of the melt from a cold container. Analysis of the spectral-luminescence characteristics of these crystals after growth and after annealing processing in a vacuum revealed the presence of both Tb3 + and Tb4 + ions in them. In crystals ZrO2- (8-10) mol.% Sc2O3- (1-2) mol.% Tb2O3, the presence of a process of non-radiative energy transfer from Tb4 + ions to Tb3 + ions was revealed.

RESULTS OF PILOT TESTS OF THE VSEP TECHNOLOGY ON THE EXAMPLE OF PURIFICATION OF CONTAMINATED ACID WASHING WATERS BY NANOFILTRATION

Shown are the results of a series of pilot tests for the purifi cation of waste (contaminated) acidic wash water formed during the production of graphite by the leaching method. The tests were carried out in laboratory and pilot modes (on-site) on the “LP” series machine. Purifi cation was simulated using nanofi ltration membranes using VSEP technology. This technology of vibro- membrane fi ltration makes it possible to purify such waters without preliminary purifi cation and the use of reagents (antiscalant) with a %Recovery more than 90 %. The mechanism for choosing the optimal sheet polymer membrane and the mechanism for determining the best working pressure are shown. Concentration series were carried out to determine the stability of the process and the duration of the fl ushing interval. The test results allow the design of an industrial water purifi cation system.

Identification of Secondary Metabolite Compounds and Cytotoxic Activity Test of Papuan Grape (Sararanga Sinuosa Hemsley) Extract using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method

Papua has a diversity of flora species, one of which is the Papuan Grape (Sararanga sinuosa Hemsley). It is commonly used by the Depapre community, Jayapura, as a stamina booster. This research aims to identify the secondary metabolite compounds, to test the cytotoxic activity of Papuan Grape (Sararanga sinuosa Hemsley) extract, and to determine the best concentration that inhabits the growth of Artemia salina larvae using the BSLT method. This study was conducted with the extraction stage using the maceration method by making use of 96% ethanol solvent. Subsequently, the concentration series 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 ppm of Papuan Grape (Sararanga sinuosa Hemsley) extract were made to test the cytotoxic activity on the mortality of Artemia salina shrimp larvae. The results showed that Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Saponins, and Tannins were compounded as secondary metabolite. An antioxidant research that had been carried out previously had LC50 of green-white fruit (12,49 ± 0,35 mg/ml), orange-red fruit (17,62 ± 3,49 mg/ml) and red fruit (12,23 ± 0,46 mg/ml). The community process one stalk of it into juice and used or consumed it two times a day. An inappropriate dose of traditional medicine usage can affect the organ system and had adverse effects in the future The result of cytotoxic research obtained the value of LC50 in ethanol extract of Papuan Grape was 140,863 ppm, and concentration of 250 ppm was the best concentration to inhibit the growth of shrimp larvae (Artemia salina L). The conclusion of this study was the ethanol extract of Papuan Grape (Sararanga sinuosa Hemsley) showed the highest cytotoxic activity and potentially become an anti-cancer agent.

Uji Aktivitas Antikolesterol Ekstrak Daun Puring (Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. Ex. A.Juss) Secara In Vitro

Cholesterol is an essential building material for the body to synthesize important substances such as cell membranes and insulation materials around nerve fiber as well as genital hormones and kidney of vitamin D and bile acids. Puring plants iclusive varieties of flowering plants who most of society interest because have varied colour leaf and have compound secondary metabolic substances of flavonoid, phenolic, triterpenoid, steroid and alkaloids. The purpose of this study was to determine the anticholesterol activity of puring leaves in vitro. The method used in vitro with Lieberman-Burchad reagent using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer measuring device at a wavelength of 665.0 nm. The concentration series used are 100; 200; 300; 400 and 500 ppm. The results showed that at a concentration of 500 ppm it can decrease cholesterol levels by 52.20% and The EC50 value obtained was 449.87 g/mL. The increase in each extract concentration showed an increase in the percent decrease in cholesterol levels.Keywords: cholesterol; puring leaf; lieberman-burchard AbstrakKolesterol merupakan bahan bangun esensial bagi tubuh untuk sintesis zat-zat penting, seperti membran sel dan bahan isolasi sekitar serat saraf, begitu pula hormon kelamin dan anak ginjal, vitamin D, serta asam empedu. Tanaman puring termasuk jenis tanaman hias yang banyak diminati masyarakat karena memiliki warna daun yang beragam dan memiliki kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa flavonoid, fenolik, triterpenoid, steroid dan alkaloid. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antikolesterol pada daun puring secara in vitro. Metode yang digunakan secara in vitro dengan pereaksi Lieberman-Burchad menggunakan alat pengukur spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 665,0 nm. Seri konsentrasi yang digunakan yaitu 100; 200; 300; 400 dan 500 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada konsentrasi 500 ppm dapat menurun kadar kolesterol sebesar 52,20% dan nilai EC50 yang didapatkan sebesar 449,87 µg/mL. Peningkatan setiap konsentrasi ekstrak menunjukan peningkatan persen penurunan kadar kolesterol.Kata kunci: daun puring; kolesterol; Lieberman-burchard

Novel Determination of Anti-Hypertensive Combination; Benidipine Hydrochloride and Nebivolol Hydrochloride by High Performance Chromatographic Method

This research work was designed to establish and validate a novel stability indicating RP-HPLC method for the combined determination of Benidipine hydrochloride (BHE) and Nebivolol hydrochloride (NHE) in bulk and tablets, dependent on ICH guidelines.The assay method to analyse BHE and NHE was optimized with isocratic elution using acetonitrile: 0.1M acetate buffer (45:55, pH 5.1), Lichrospher ODS RP-18 column and flow pace of 1 ml/min. Total time for single run was 14 min. The injection quantity was 20μl, and was detected at 249nm. The method was verified on a concentration series of 1.25-10μg/ml (NHE) and 1.0-10μg/ml (BHE) for precision, accuracy and linearity. The LOD values were 0.059µg/ml and 0.028µg/ml for NHE and BHE, respectively. The LOQ values were 0.196µg/ml for NHE and 0.094µg/ml for BHE. The recovery percentages were 98.60-100.11% (BHE) and 98.94-101.50% (NHE) with relative standard deviation 0.250-0.694% (BHE) and 0.183-0.400% (NHE). The method was also observed to be efficient, and was sufficiently specific to measure BHE and NHE in the presence of stress-produced degradation products.

Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun pecut kuda (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl) menggunakan metode ekstraksi berbasis gelombang ultrasonic

Free radical is an atom or molecule that has unpaired electrons, is reactive and unstable which can cause damage to cells and tissues. Secondary metabolite compounds in plants such as phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins can inhibit free radicals. One of the plants that has the potential as an antioxidant is a Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. The part of the plant that is often used as a medicinal ingredient by Indonesian people is the leaf part. The leaves of snakeweed are natural ingredients that are rich in phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. This study aims to determine the activity of free radical inhibition in the snakeweed leaf extract with Ultrasound Assisted Extraction method. Determination of free radical inhibition activity was examined using DPPH method at the concentration series of snakeweed leaf extracts of 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, and 85 ppm. The comparison solution used was vitamin C made with a concentration series of 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 11 ppm. The results showed that vitamin C had a free radical inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 9.40 ± 0.07 ppm, while the extract of snakeweed leaf had free radical inhibition activity with an IC50 value of 74.32 ± 0.71 ppm. Based on the IC50 value, the intensity of free radical inhibition activity in vitamin C is classified as very strong and the extract of snakeweed leaf is strong

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak dan Fraksi dari Ekstrak Metanol Daun Manggis (Garcinia mangostana) pada Bakteri Penyebab Ulkus Diabetik

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a degenerative disease due to metabolic disorders with acute to chronic hyperglycemic conditions. The complication of this disease is peripheral neuropathy exacerbated by bacterial infection, causing ulcers (sores) on the feet, hands, knees, back, and other parts of the body. The mangosteen plant (Garcinia mangostana) is empirically believed to have antidiabetic and cure diabetic ulcers. This study aims to compare the antibacterial activity of extracts and fractions of methanol extract of mangosteen leaves at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% against the bacteria causing diabetic ulcers in vitro. The research began with the maceration of mangosteen leaf powder extraction using methanol as a solvent. The fractions were obtained by the vacuum liquid chromatography (KCV) method. The bacteria that cause diabetic ulcers are obtained from ulcer specimens of diabetic ulcer patients. Antibacterial activity of extracts and fractions at 5 concentration series was tested using the disc diffusion method with 10% DMSO negative control and positive controls, namely Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Cefotaxime, Gentamycin, Erythromycin, and Doxycycline. Antibacterial activity was expressed by the large area of the inhibition zone on the media inoculated with ulcer bacteria and incubated for 24 hours at 370 C. The results showed that there were 5 dominant bacteria found in the diabetic ulcer specimens, namely Escherichia spp, Klebsiella spp, Staphylococcus spp, salmonella spp, and Shigella spp. The results of the antibacterial sensitivity test showed that ciprofloxacin had the largest area of inhibition zone compared to Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Cefotaxime, Gentamycin, Erythromycin, and Doxycycline so that Ciprofloxacin could be used as a positive control. The results of the antibacterial activity test for the methanol extract of mangosteen leaves with a concentration of 100% produced the largest inhibition zone, namely 27.10 mm ± 0.1 compared to methanol extract, fractions A, B, and C in all concentration series. However, the inhibition zone of the 100% concentration of mangosteen leaves methanol extract was smaller than the positive control of ciprofloxacin 5 μg / disk, which was 35.01 mm ± 0.1.

N-(Chlorobenzyl) Formamide as an Antituberculosis Agent from Multicomponent Reaction Synthesis

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by M. tuberculosis. A new series of four benzylformamide with chloro substitution were synthesized by multicomponent reaction method and screened for antituberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. This study was based on amidoalkylation reaction of aromatic-aldehyde, formamide and formic acid at 150oC to give a good yield of benzylformamide. Target compound were isolated, purificated, identified and characterized by GC-MS, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR then the antituberculosis activity was examined by Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) and Middlebrook 7H9-7H11 medium in concentration series of 1000 – 1,954 μg/mL, and isoniazid as a positive control. Among the three derivative, N-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl) formamide has the most potential antituberculosis activity up to 500.0 L/mL.

Refinement of the Congruently Melting Composition of Nonstoichiometric Fluorite Crystals Ca1−xYxF2+x (x = 0.01–0.14)

The concentration series of nonstoichiometric crystals Ca1–xYxF2+x (x = 0.01–0.14) was obtained from a melt by directional crystallization to refine the composition of the temperature maximum on the melting curves. A precision (±9 × 10−5 Å) determination of lattice parameters of theCa1–xYxF2+x crystals with the structure of fluorite (sp. gr. Fm-3m) was performed, and a linear equation of their concentration dependence was calculated: a(x) = 5.46385(5) + 0.1999(4) x. The distribution of yttrium along the crystals Ca1–xYxF2+x, the content of which is determined by the precision lattice parameters, is studied. The congruently melting composition x = 0.105(5) of the Ca1–xYxF2+x phase is refined by the method of directional crystallization.