scholarly journals Continuality and dyscretivity of soils for fields: applied consequences for agriculture

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-25
Author(s):  
V. V. Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Properties Of Soil

The continuality is considered as the fundamental feature of a soil cover consisting gradual change of its properties in space, synchronized with changes of soil factors formation, and dyscretivity is mainly artificial the introduced category caused by classification appreciably various genetic and agritechnologic divisions. The soil cover is studied basically as continual and is very weak as a discrete body, especially if it to consider at an original average hierarchical level (mean spatial heterogeneity of many soil properties within the limits of polypedon, or, in a context of present article, – fields of a crop rotation). Certainly, it brakes successful development of representations about a soil horizontal structure and, as consequence, practical appendices of heterogeneity to precise agriculture. Zonal systems of agriculture are based on an environment of a zone and in essence reflect average continual features of a soil cover. Precise systems are under construction on the basis of dyscretivity of a soil cover – new soil borders which are used for allocation of soil contours within the limits of a field for differentiation of ways and intensity of tillage, dozes of  fertilizers application and chemical ameliorants. In article attempt to use the established representations about spatial features of soil properties for improvement of modern practice of agriculture, especially precise agriculture, including ways of a finding of the area of contours of a field with different parameters of fertility are made. As objects 6 fields are used, three from which are located to Polesye, two – in Forest-Steppe and one – in Steppe. Use of principles of precise agriculture and inspection of display soil properties of fields on a regular grid has allowed to divide fields into contours with three levels of fertility, one of which is characterized by properties optimum or close to them, that allows to refuse (or it is essential to reduce) from application of tillage, fertilizer or chemical ameliorants. Precise agriculture – perspective soil – and energy saving the system reflecting heterogeneity of a field of a crop rotation, should replace traditional zonal systems of agriculture. Thus, on the basis of research of various displays of heterogeneity - continual when properties of soil in space change gradually, synchronously to factors of soil formation, and discrete  when properties of soil  change in the limits of small areas necessity of introduction of new borders for the soil cover, based on horizontal studying of soil properties, – morphological, physical, physic-mechanical and others is proposed. By means of borders the configuration of industrial working sites for the differentiated application of agritechnological operations is proved.

scholarly journals Properties and genesis of soils in the Balagansk forest-steppe of Central Siberia and their ecological and resource potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Martynova ◽  
Victoria Yu. Vlasova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Formation Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Genesis Of Soils

The aim of the study. To study the properties and genesis of natural soils of forest-steppe areas of Balagansk steppe. Location and time. The environs of Balagansk settlement in the Balagansky district of Irkutsk region, 2013-2018. Methodology. Combined field and laboratory studies of soil cover and soil properties using soil-morphological, pedo-lithological, climatostratigraphic, botanical, geological-geomorphological and comparative geographical methods, as well as various physical and chemical analyses. Main results. The study of soil properties of the Balagansk’ forest-steppe and assessment of their classification position revealed the basic regularities of geographical distribution of soils. In steppe areas of the studied region clay-illuvial and textural-carbonate chernozems were formed. The forest vegetation favoured the developed of residual-carbonate gray, dark gray, gray and dark gray metamorphic and burozemic soils; the floodplain areas are predominantly occupied by gley soils and dark-humus gleic soils. Conclusion. The study of soil and vegetation cover of the Balagansk’ forest-steppe showed that soils were developed on the eluvium-deluvium of carbonate Cambrian red-colored siltstones and loess cover and have sufficiently high natural fertility and ecological and resource potential. The soils of the investigated area are characterized by a large variety and complex polygenetic structure of the soil profile, which reflects the change of soil formation’ conditions during Holocene-Pleistocene.

Soil and ecological division into districts of the Baikal region

2018 ◽  
Vol 940 (10) ◽  
pp. 54-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A. Belozertseva ◽  
A.A. Sorokovoj
Keyword(s):  
Baikal Region ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Soil Cover Structure ◽  
Reflecting Surface ◽  
Heat And Moisture ◽  
Made In

On the basis of long-term researches of soils in the territory of Russia and Mongolia soil and ecological division into districts of the Baikal region is carried out. At division into districts the whole set of an environment of soil formation was considered. On the map of soil and ecological division into districts 13 mountain, mid-mountain, low-mountain taiga, foothill, hollow-valley, forest-steppe and steppe provinces reflecting surface device originality as the ratio of balance of heat and moisture forming a basis to zoning is shown against the background of difficult orography are allocated. In total 42 districts on lithologic-geomorphological features are allocated. In formation of distinctions of a soil cover of these provinces the leading role is played by bioclimatic factors and inside them the lithologic-geomorphological ones. In the view of structural approach of the district they are considered as territories with a certain natural change of several types of the soil cover structure caused by features of a relief and the parent rock. The map is made in the MapInfo program. It is revealed that on ill-defined width zoning of soils the vertical one which has a greater influence on soils of this region is imposed. Soils of the Baikal region are not similar to the soils located at the same latitude of the flat European territory of Russia. Zone soils of this territory are specific and original.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF AGRO-AMELIORATIVE CONDITION OF THE MAIN TYPES OF SOILS OF RICE CROP ROTATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
V. O. Ushkarenko ◽  
K. V. Dudchenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Rice Irrigation ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Relevance of research. The most common irrigation regime for rise in the world is constant flooding. Soils of rice crop rotation undergo significant changes during the construction of rice irrigation systems, and during their operation. This leads to the formation of so-called "rice soils" that is the result of the transformation of full-profile soils, which were partially or completely disturbed when planning and building rice checks. Keeping the water layer in the field for 4-5 months leads to irreversible changes in the morphological, physical and chemical soil properties. Therefore, it is relevant to determine the indicators of the soil cover, taking into account the features of the soils of rice crop rotations, in order to prevent the development of degradation processes and increase the productivity of rice crop rotation. The purpose of the study is to determine the main indicators of soil cover of rice crop rotation and their testing on a rice irrigation system with an area of ​​190 hectares. Methods and methods of research. During the study the following methods were used: field method - to study the basic soil properties; laboratory one - to study of physical and chemical, ameliorative, agrochemical soil properties and chemical composition of irrigation, subsoil, drainage and waste water; mathematical and statistical, comparative and retrospective - to evaluate the study results of the basic soil fertility indices. The research was carried out in the area of a rice irrigation system with 8-field crop rotation, where the proportion of rice does not exceed 50%. Rice was grown in accordance with the technology of rice growing, taking into account environmental protection requirements. For the companion crops, commonly used cultivation technologies were used. The system has been operated in a project mode for 50 years. The soil cover of the investigated system is represented by dark chestnut alkalized (72.9 hectares), meadow solonetz(18.9 hectares) and meadow chestnut alkalized (75.8 hectare) soil types. Research results. On the basis of analysis of retrospective data of monitoring study of  the main indicators of agro-amelioration status of soils under rice crop rotation, the indicators of soil condition for the main soil types of rice irrigation systems were determined: groundwater level, groundwater mineralization, content of light-soluble salts in arable layer, chlorine ions content in soil-water extract, toxic salt content, soil salt balance, humus content, the content of easily hydrolyzed nitrogen compounds, the density of upper humus layer, the content of air-dry aggregates, content of water-stable aggregates. Conclusions. The approbation of the developed soil condition indicators on the rice irrigation system of the Rice Institute of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences was carried out, which enabled to identify the main problems and specify the ways to overcome them. In the areas with meadow chestnut alkalized and meadow solonetzsoil types, it is necessary to increase their drainage capacity, namely to repair drainage networks. In the whole area of the investigated rice irrigation system, it is necessary to increase the proportion of perennial legumes and fallow land in the crop rotation, to do soil slitting or other types of mechanical soil treatments to improve its structural and aggregate composition, in particular, the content of air-dry soil aggregates in size of 0.25-10,00 mm and water-stable soil aggregates larger than 25 mm.

scholarly journals Agrogenic Transformation of Soil Cover in Pre-Salair Drained Plane (Western Siberia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 37-56
Author(s):  
N. A. Sokolova ◽  
◽  
E. N. Smolentseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Humus Horizon ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Large Area

Plowing up is a widespread type of anthropogenic transformation of soils and soil cover (SC) in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. As a result of plowing up agrogenic transformation (agrotransformation) of soils causes their form and properties change, as well as the spatial characteristics of the SC. In the example of a model territory the features of changes in the component composition and structure of the SC of the Pre-Salair drained plain under the influence of arable press are studied. Automorphic soil formation prevails in the studied area, and zonal natural soils here are chernozems (clay-illuvial and migrate-micellar) and dark grays. These soils have an upper dark humus horizon, which in arable soils becomes an agro-dark humus horizon. In the studied area, an increase in number of the SC components was found due to the soils of the agrozems section and different types of agricultural soils, which leads to a diversification of the component composition. It was found that the component composition of SC shows high degree of its agrotransformation: area of arable soils is 55.6% of total area of SC. We also showed the sequence of agrotransformation for the chernozems of the model territory: chernozems, agrochernozems, agrozems, abraded agrozems, agroabrazems. Agrozems occupy a large area and have a classification diversity. Factors affecting the diversity of agrozems at the type and subtype classification level are identified: the degree of agrogenic transformation of clay-illuvial and migrate-micellar chernozems are distinguished. The low thickness of the humus horizon of soils in the pre-agrarian period during plowing leads to various degrees of their agrotransformation and classification divergence of soils. The SC structure is characterized by geometric parameters in accordance with the concept of V.M. Friedland. These are areas and dissection coefficients (minimum, maximum, average and median) of elementary soil areal (ESA) and soil combinations areal (SCA). Geometries of ESA and SCA are caused by the combined influence of terrain features and anthropogenic impact. ESA of agrotransformed soils (agrograys, agrochernozems, agrozems) have largest sizes, besides undisturbed automorphic soils; ESA of strongly transformed soils developed in temporary flow hollows have smallest sizes. The overall result of the agrogenic transformation of the SC on the studied area is a new spatial agrogenic structure. In the component composition of SC specific soils of different taxonomic levels appear.

scholarly journals Holocene Soil Evolution in South Siberia Based on Phytolith Records and Genetic Soil Analysis (Russia)

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Gavrilov ◽  
Sergey Loiko ◽  
Nina Klimova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Humus Horizon ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
South Siberia ◽  
Ams Dating

Dark, coniferous hemiboreal forests in the south of West Siberia are located in the Holocene forest-steppe ecotone, where natural environmental conditions have been quite dynamic. This dynamic environment resulted in the contrasting evolution of regional soil cover and the development of unique soil profiles with the second humus horizon. The second humus horizon is assumed to be a relic from the dark-humus soil formation stage in the mid-Holocene. This article draws conclusions about changes in regional environmental conditions by analysing data from a geochemically interrelated coevolutionary soil series, obtained by using a combination of conventional soil studies, phytolith analyses, and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating of phytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC) and humic acids. The results showed that, in general, phytocenoses changed from mire-meadow vegetation towards forest vegetation via the meadow stage. However, these stages had different durations, depending on the soil catenary position. The topographical divergence of soil phytolith profiles reflects the relief effect on the development of specific soil type combinations, accounting for the major elements of the regional mid-Holocene soil cover. The leading elementary soil-forming processes were humus accumulation and hydrogenic accumulation of calcium carbonates. In the hilltop site of Endocalcic Stagnic Albic Luvisols, the evolutionary changes were shown by the shift from the meadow phytocenosis (Calcic Stagnic Chernozem) to the forest phytocenosis. In the midslope site, the environment was more humid from the start, favouring a phytocenosis with features of the meadow-mire type. The shift from the meadow-mire environment (with Spodic Chernic Gleysols) to the forest type environment with leading profile-forming processes, acid hydrolysis and lessivage, was gradual, occurring via the meadow stage with Calcic Stagnic Chernozem. In the toeslope site (Calcic Stagnic Greyzemic Epidystric Umbrisols), the meadow-mire stage (with Spodic Chernic Gleysols) was succeeded by the forest stage of soil formation. The AMS-dating of PhytOC estimated that the dark-humus stage of soil formation began 6.5–5.7 years calBC. Despite the observed slight translocation of phytoliths down soil profiles and phytolith solubilisation, phytolith analysis can be used to reconstruct shifts in the soil formation environment for surface Holocene palaeosols.

scholarly journals The current state of abandoned lands in the northern forest-steppe zone at the Republic of Bashkortostan (Southern Ural, Russia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Suleymanov ◽  
I. Yaparov ◽  
I. Saifullin ◽  
I. Vildanov ◽  
P. Shirokikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Postagrogenic Soils ◽  
Agricultural Use

This paper presents the results of the state of postagrogenic ecosystems (18-20 years after the land was taken out of crop rotation) in the northern forest-steppe zone, Republic of Bashkortostan (South Ural) where soil cover is represented by postagrogenic gray-humus soils (Regosols). Probably, the unfavorable physical and agrochemical soil properties were a limiting factor in obtaining a profitable crop yield, and it was a reason for the withdrawal of land from agricultural use. Eighteen to twenty years since agricultural fields were taken out of crop rotation, a diverse vegetation cover has formed on postagrogenic soils. Analysis of the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) showed that more than 50% of the territory is covered by average and high vegetation development (low-grass meadows and forest communities). The active renewal of natural vegetation is conducted in the studied territory, which develops under the influence of zonal type vegetation and is in the transition stage from ruderal communities to low-grass meadows and different-aged secondary forests with domination of broad-leaved and light-coniferous tree species. The low content of organic carbon and basic nutrients in postagrogenic soils, at this stage of restoration, does not influence the formation and diversity of vegetation cover. However, vegetation continues to suffer the consequences of long-term agricultural use (mainly mechanical impact), resulting in a well-defined mosaic of vegetation communities, the poverty of the floristic composition and the presence of perennial weed species occurring in high abundance. It is better to maintain the land abandoned to further improve soil properties and reduce erosion.

Humus state of chernozem at different ways of tillage in the agrosystems of the left-bank forest steppe of Ukraine

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
O. Demydenko ◽  
V. Velychko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Humus Accumulation ◽  
By Products ◽  
The Way

The contemporary condition of soil cover in Ukraine is characterized. The attention is focused onto widespread degradation processes in soils. The causes that determine the development of these negative processes are considered. The contemporary informational support for the condition of soil cover in Ukraine is estimated. In general, the current available information is of narrow-departmental nature, obtained by different methods and non-correlated monitoring programs. As a rule, it is stored in under-structured databases, incompatible with other information systems; mainly recorded on paper media unusable with modern technologies, whereby such information resources are diffi cult to be compiled together. These disadvantages are strong constraints against consistent usage of materials for evaluation, forecast and management of changes in the soil cover. The Soil Observation program should thereby be combined with Agrochemical Passportization and ecology-ameliora- tive monitoring; in other words, the application of innovative soil-agrochemical methodology is considered. Each individual type of surveys shall complement the others, and taken altogether, they shall constitute a con- sistent Information System, capable of solving the problems of assessing the condition, forecasting, manage- ment, usage and protection of soil resources. The monitoring procedures should be conducted on the basis of a new soil concept in line with unifi ed programs and methods, so as to meet European approaches to the maxi- mum extent. Such a technical composition enables getting information on present-day processes in soils, and is the only combination that actually helps us to “ecologize” our knowledge of soils, which is the leading trend in the scope of global soil-science. Thus obtained results will serve as a State-owned tool which would subse- quently facilitate the use and protection of soil resources all over the country, to be involved in a united global soil-information scope. The attention is focused onto social signifi cance of the information on soils and their fertility in terms of land resources optimization, as well as the formation of sustainable land use in Ukraine. Aim. To demonstrate the long-term effect of different ways of tillage of typical low-humus chernozem on the change in humus content and composition and the direction of transformation processes of organic fertili- zers. To study the changes in the structure of energy reserves in group and fractional composition of humus in typical low-humus light-loamy chernozem of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory, microbiological, computational, mathematical and statistical. Results. It was determined that in conditions of long-term subsurface tillage the most effi cient humus accumulation occurs in the 0–20 cm layer of chernozem with simultaneous increase in its content in the lower part of the processed layer without any accumulation differentiation. Surface tillage leads to expressed differentiation in humus accumulation in the 0–20 cm layer of soil (0.005 % per year). When 6 t/ha of humus are replaced by 7 t/ha of by-products the intensity of humus accumulation is decreasing regardless of the way of tillage, but humus accumulation was found to be the most effi cient for subsurface tillage. The application of subsurface tillage leads to the increase in the ratio of C HA : C FA , which is conditioned by the increase in the humifi cation of plant remains of by-products in the 0−20 cm layer of soil by 110–112 % – for subsurface tillage, and by 105 % – for surface tillage. Conclusions. It was established that systematic subsurface tillage of typical chernozem of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine leads to the structuring both of the total reserves of energy С org , and its quality content, aimed at the increase in the intensity of the processes of humifi cation and accumulation of organic carbon, and the decrease in miner- alization. The ratio of energy reserves С org of humic acids to fulvic acids in the 0−30 cm layer of chernozem is 1.85−1.87 regardless of the way of tillage, which testifi es to the repeatability of humus accumulation, but the total reserves of energy С org was higher for subsurface tillage (+ 31 Teracalorie/ha) compared to deep plough- ing. As for the surface tillage, the energy enrichment was at the level of deep ploughing.

Fertilization System as a Factor of Transforming the Humus State of the Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
V. Lopushniak
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Stable Forms

Aim. To establish the effect of different fertilization systems in short fi eld crop rotation on the change in the state of humus in the dark gray podzolic soils in Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field studies were carried out in a stationary experiment of the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of the L’viv National Agrarian University; determination of humus content – according to DSTU 4289:2004, and that of its labile forms – in accordance with DSTU 4732:2007, fraction-group composition – by Ponomare- va-Plotnikova’s method, according to the measurement procedure 31-497058-008-2002. Results. The use of organo-mineral fertilizer system in short fi eld crop rotation with the saturation of organic fertilizers of 15 t/ha of crop rotation contributes to the humus content increase by 0.7 % after the third rotation in 0–40 cm layer of dark gray podzolic soil, the increase in the share of stable forms of humic compounds up to 57–59 % and the increase in the ratio of R HA :R FA to 1.3–1.4. The study demonstrated very high dependence of amount of gross energy reserves in the humus on the R HA :R FA ratio. Conclusions. The combined application of organic fertili- zers in the form of manure, non-market of the crop (straw) and siderate, along with mineral fertilizers is re- commended in short fi eld crop rotations of Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine toensure expanded reproduction of fertility of dark gray podzolic soil, improvement of its humus status, increase in gross energy reserves and the share of the stable forms and humic acids in the humus.

Sequestration of carbon oxide in different fertilization systems in agrocenoses

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Demydenko ◽  
Yu. Zapasna ◽  
V. Velychko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Carbon Oxide ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Capacity Level ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Fertilization System ◽  
By Products

Aim. To substantiate the agroecological estimation of the performance of a short crop rotation in conditions of intense and organic system of fertilization on the basis of restoring normative parameters of emission and se- questration of С-СО 2 circulation while using by-products as organic fertilizers in conditions of modern climatic system of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, statistical, laboratory. Results of Investigations. The performance of short crop rotations is determined by the capacity of С-СО 2 balance. Strong inverse correla- tion was found between the capacity of N and the ratio between C and N in the agrocenosis, which demon- strated that enhancing the humifi cation processes (ratio constriction) led to the increase in the capacity of С org balance and the decrease in the capacity level of С-СО 2 balance (enhancing mineralization), related to the reduction in the performance of crops in the agrocenosis of a crop rotation compared to the organic system of fertilization. The capacity of С-СО 2 and С org balance correlates at the medium level of inverse direction, and the yield of the main products, feed units and digestible protein correlates at the level of strong direct correlation. Conclusions. General mineralization of by-products and humus in the agrocenosis and humifi cation processes are antagonists, so extending the ratio between С and N at the intense fertilization system stimulates the in- crease in performance and reducing С to N similar to the organic fertilization system enhances the humifi cation process due to binding of С org into humus and limits mineralization which leads to the reduction in agrocenosis performance at the organic fertilization system.

The efficiency of the crop rotations with short rotation with different levels of their saturation of cereals and crops in the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (92) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
R. Holod ◽  
О. Bilinska ◽  
H. Shubala
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Soil Water Regime ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
Green Manure Crops

There were analyzed and disclosed the basic components of arable farming systems and their Meaning, the current state and scientific principles in the context of the further development of field crop cultivation in the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe. The purpose of research. To study an effect of alternation of crop in crop rotation in conditions of brief rotation on the soil water regime, productivity and economic efficiency. Methods. Field, laboratory, comparative and analytical. Results. The results of researches on study of productivity of four-field crop rotations with short rotation depending on their saturation by the grain and tilled cultures, of various use of mineral fertilizers, green manure crops and collateral products which were conducted during 2014-2015 in the stationary experiment of the scientific and technological department of plant growing and arable farming, of the TDSGDS of the IKSGP of NAAN are resulted In the article. The elements of the biologization of farming are the basis of our development of crop rotations with short rotation. The study of the effect of green manure crops and collateral products in four-field crop rotations with a different set of crops on the change of soil fertility and productivity of crop rotations as a whole was carried out to this purpose. According to the results of the research, is provided the information on the effectiveness of improving the field crop rotations with short rotation with varying degrees of saturation by grain and tilled crops, that ensure the production of environmentally friendly products, reducing the cost of grain, improving the quality of marketable products. The study of the effect of alternation of crop in crop rotation in conditions of brief rotation on the soil water regime, productivity and economic efficiency showed that an increase in crop rotation productivity is observed in short-rotation crop rotations, if they are saturated by grain crops up to 100%, cereals crops reduction to 50% in crop rotations contributes to a decrease in crop productivity. Conclusion. Thus, the results of the research showed that with the correct construction of short rotational crop rotations, such problems as rational use of nutrients and soil moisture, control of weeds and pests of agricultural crops, improvement of the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increased efficiency in the use of fertilizers and equipment, Cheapening of the received agricultural product may be solved.

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