A comparison between the transthoracic electrical impedance method and the direct Fick and the dye dilution methods for cardiac output measurements in man

1979 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebba Enghoff ◽  
Olof Lovheim
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Dye Dilution ◽  
Transthoracic Electrical Impedance ◽  
Cardiac Output Measurements

Thermodilution method overestimates low cardiac output in humans

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (4) ◽  
pp. H690-H692 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. van Grondelle ◽  
R. V. Ditchey ◽  
B. M. Groves ◽  
W. W. Wagner ◽  
J. T. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Low Cardiac Output ◽  
Dye Dilution ◽  
Thermodilution Method ◽  
Cardiac Output Measurements

We compared 57 cardiac output measurements by the thermodilution and Fick methods in 26 patients and found that thermodilution values were higher in all 16 cases in which Fick outputs were less than 3.5 l/min. In 10 cases where Fick values were less than or equal to 2.5 l/min, thermodilution and Fick measurements differed by an average of 35%. When combined with the results of previous studies comparing the thermodilution, dye dilution, and Fick techniques, these findings suggest that the thermodilution method overestimates true cardiac output in the low output range. This overestimation probably is due to heat loss under conditions of low flow. Because the thermodilution method is used widely in patients with low output states, these findings have potentially important clinical implications.

Cardiac output determinations by the dye-dilution method in Squalus acanthias

1965 ◽  
Vol 209 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Victor Murdaugh ◽  
Eugene D. Robin ◽  
J. Eugene Millen ◽  
William F. Drewry
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Cardiac Index ◽  
Squalus Acanthias ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Large Fish ◽  
Dilution Technique ◽  
Dye Dilution ◽  
Cardiac Output Measurements

A dye-dilution technique has been adapted for the measurement of cardiac output in the elasmobranch, Squalus acanthias. Cardiac output averaged 1.60 ± 1.00 liter/kg per hr in 26 fish. Small fish showed a relatively high cardiac index (liters/kg per hr) as compared with large fish. The use of this technique permits sequential cardiac output measurements with the maintenance of an intact physiological status. This technique should permit quantitation of exchange of a variety of substances across the gill membranes.

Measurement of cardiac output by electrical impedance at rest and during exercise

1976 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Denniston ◽  
J. T. Maher ◽  
J. T. Reeves ◽  
J. C. Cruz ◽  
A. Cymerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Graded Exercise ◽  
Movement Artifact ◽  
Maximum Work ◽  
Volume Equation

A comparison was made between cardiac output values determined by the dye dilution and electrical impedance methods in ten subjects at rest and during graded exercise on a bicycle ergometer. The cardiac output values determined by the two methods were linearly related and significantly (P less than 0.001) correlated (r = 0.90). Movement artifact associated with exercise at maximum or near-maximum work loads caused severe distortion of the dZ/dt wave form and prevented calculation of impedance cardiac output at these levels of work. Use of the lowest value of L (distance between mean value of L in the impedance stroke volume equation (SV = p(L2/ZO2) (dZ/dt)mt), resulted in nearly identical values for the least-squares line and equalvalue line of impedance and dye cardiac outputs. Although absolute values of cardiac output determined by the two methods were not identical in all subjects the changes in cardiac output were nearly identical during the different levels of exercise. The data support the validity of the impedance method as a noninvasive, atraumatic measure of cardiac output at rest and during graded exercise.

Accuracy of the Stroke Index as Determined by the Transthoracic Electrical Impedance Method

1975 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chables Z. Naggar ◽  
Dusan B. Dobnik ◽  
Athanasios P. Flessas ◽  
Benjamin J. Kripke ◽  
Thomas J. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Stroke Index ◽  
Transthoracic Electrical Impedance

scholarly journals A Comparison of Methods of Cardiac Output Measurement

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Woog ◽  
D. B. McWilliam
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Systematic Error ◽  
Random Error ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Output Measurement ◽  
Low Cardiac Output ◽  
Dye Dilution ◽  
Output Only ◽  
Cardiac Output Measurements

Cardiac output measurements determined by dye dilution, iced-injectate thermodilution and room temperature thermodilution were compared in man in order to assess the random error of each method and to examine the systematic error of both thermodilution methods in comparison with dye dilution. Results showed that random error was greatest with room temperature thermodilution and least using iced thermodilution. Iced thermodilution correlated well with dye dilution, tending to overestimate cardiac output only at low flows. Room temperature thermodilution, however, overestimated cardiac output by up to 25% in the clinically important range and more so at low cardiac output.

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