ANALISIS BUDAYA KOMUNIKASI PADA ORGANISASI PEMERINTAH

INFO ARTHA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 78-89
Author(s):  
Satria Adhitama
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Government Organization ◽  
Government Communication ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
High Power Distance ◽  
High Uncertainty

This research shows the communicational culture in government organization. The goal of this research is to know and describe the communicational culture in a government communication. This research uses several concepts, specifically value concept by Hofstede, individualism or collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, masculinity or feminity, long term orientation or short term orientation. Other concept is context of communicational culture, high context culture or low context culture. The paradigm of this research is constructivism and the approach is qualitative. The method of getting data is in depth interview and observation. Based on the data analysis, the values of government organization are collectivist value which explains that everything must be done together but in reality it is done only by several people, the high uncertainty avoidance, the high power distance, the masculinity value, and long term orientation to see the future. Based on the values, the communicational culture is not absolutely high context culture or low context culture. All of this depends on situation and condition, kind of organization, style of leadership and the values of a government organization. The conclusion of this research is collectivist value that is followed by a government organization influences other values and context of communicational culture. Thus, the good relations in a government organization must be developed between all member of organization especially between the leader and employees. 

scholarly journals Relationships of Cultural Dimensions and Lactation Patterns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Alidadi Shamsabadi ◽  
Mitra Savabi-Esfahani ◽  
Ali Hashemianfar
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Abstract Background Proper nutrition is essential for infant growth and health. Exclusive breastfeeding is the best pattern for feeding infants in the first 6 months of life. On the other hand, lactation patterns may be influenced by cultural factors. The present study aimed to determine relationships of cultural dimensions and lactation patterns.Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 452 mothers with 6-month and younger infants. Hofstede's cultural dimensions, Power Distance, Individualism vs. collectivism, Masculinity vs. Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, Long-Term vs. Short-Term Orientation, and Indulgence vs. Restraint were assessed using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests (independent t-test, Eta, phi and Cramer coefficients) and SPSS 18 at a significance level of less than 0.05.Results In the masculinity-femininity dimension, the mean score of exclusive breastfeeding pattern was higher than the non-exclusive breastfeeding (3± 0.48, 2.48±0.50) and there were statistical significant differences between groups (P = 0.03). However, despite different mean scores of power distance, individualism-collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, long term- short term orientation, indulgence- restraint in different breastfeeding patterns, the differences were not statistically significant.Conclusions Masculinity-femininity as a cultural dimension was associated with lactation patterns, so that mothers with greater orientation towards masculinity had higher focus on gender roles of a woman such as breastfeeding and they had greater exclusive breastfeeding. Therefore, some cultural dimensions should be taken into consideration in training and counseling for maternal breastfeeding.

Gender Differences in Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Among a Kuwaiti Sample

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S503-S504 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. AlAnezi ◽  
B. Alansari
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha

IntroductionHofstede's model of cultural dimensions has become the most widely accepted and most frequently cited model for cross-cultural research. His cultural dimensions included power distance index (PDI), individualism vs. collectivism (IDV), masculinity vs. femininity (MAS), uncertainty avoidance index (UAI), and long-term vs. short-term orientation (LTO).ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore gender related differences in the Hofstede's five dimensions of national culture for work-related values among a sample from Kuwait.MethodsThe participants were 540 first year secondary school Kuwaiti teachers (270 males: mean age = 28.95 ± 2.47; 270 females: mean age = 28.20 ± 2.04). The Arabic version of the Values Survey Module, VSM 08 was administered to participants. Data analysis include independent sample t-test was used to examine gender differences in Hofstede's five dimensions of national culture.ResultsInternal consistency was satisfactory for the Power Distance, Individualism vs. Collectivism, Masculinity vs. Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Long-term vs. Short-term Orientation subscales respectively (Cronbach's alpha = 0.82, 0.84, 0.90, 0.74, 0.87) for males and (Cronbach's alpha = 0.77, 0.90, 0.83, 0.80, 0.88) for females. The results revealed significant gender differences where the males obtained a higher score than females on individualism (t = 2.95, P < 0.002), and masculinity (t = 2.77, P < 0.005), while females obtained a higher score than males on power distance (t = 4.48, P < 0.000), and long-term orientation (t = 4.13, P < 0.000).ConclusionThese findings suggest that the gender differences exist for cultural dimensions, and provide insight on leadership characteristics.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Strategi Diversifikasi Produk Wisata untuk Menarik Minat Kunjungan Wisatawan di Desa Celuk, Kabupaten Gianyar

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Zilvany Destin ◽  
Nararya Narottama
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
To Come ◽  
Tourism Attractions

Celuk Village located in Sukawati, Gianyar, Bali. This village has natural and cultural potencies which can be developed into tourism attractions. For many decades, Celuk is internationally recognized for its silver crafts industries. Unfortunately, since 1998 the tourist visits to this village has been declined, mostly caused by many new competitors in the business. For this reason, this research aims to develop a new strategy to maximize Celuk’s tourism potentials and increase tourists visit. The research approach is qualitative descriptive, the methods such as field observation, in-depth interview with 5 key informants and literature studies. The data analysis using SWOT technique. This research is proposed short-term, mid-term and long-term strategy. Then, based on the result, the best approach is diversification and involvement of local community into all tourism activities. Hopefully, this can make tourism activities in Celuk more diverse and attracts more tourists to come. Keyword: Diversification, Products, Tourism

scholarly journals Analisis Desain Website Terhadap Budaya Pendekatan Teori Hofstede

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Amelia Fauziah Husna
Keyword(s):  
Power Distance ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Short Term

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kebudayaan terhadap desai suatu website dan mengetahui budaya apakah yang berkembang di daerah tersebut melalui desai websitenya. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus. Variabel yang digunakan ada 5, sesuai dengan Teori Hofstede, yaitu Power Distance (Jarak Kekuasaan), Indivialism vs Collectivism (Individualisme vs Kolektivisme), Masculinity vs Femininity (Maskulinitas vs Feminitas), Uncertainty Avoidance (Penghindaran terhadap Ketidakpastian), dan Long Term Orientation vs Short Term Normative (Orientasi Jangka Panjang vs Orientasi Normatif Jangka Pendek. Penelitian ini membandingkan tiga website yang berasal dari tiga negara yang berbeda, bahkan benua yang berbeda. Hasilnya terdapat perbedaan desain website yang dipengaruhi oleh budayanya.   

scholarly journals National Culture and Tax Avoidance of Multinational Corporations

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 6946
Author(s):  
Ji Seon Yoo ◽  
Ye Ji Lee
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
High Power Distance ◽  
Low Uncertainty ◽  
High Uncertainty

This study tests the role of national culture in tax avoidance by multinational corporations (MNCs). Hofstede’s four cultural dimensions are used to measure cultural differences across countries: uncertainty avoidance, individualism, masculinity, and power distance. The empirical results of the study imply that MNCs headquartered in countries with low uncertainty avoidance, low individualism, high masculinity, and low power distance engage in a higher level of tax avoidance than MNCs in countries with high uncertainty avoidance, high individualism, low masculinity, and high power distance. In addition, the cultural features of the parent company generally have a stronger influence on group-level tax avoidance than those of its subsidiaries. This study contributes to the literature by presenting empirical evidence of culture as a determinant of tax avoidance by MNCs.

Emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial intentions: an exploratory meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Miao ◽  
Ronald H. Humphrey ◽  
Shanshan Qian ◽  
Jeffrey M. Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Meta Analyses

Purpose The topic of entrepreneurial intention, which refers to a person’s degree of interest in creating a new business venture, has received close scrutiny in the entrepreneurship literature. The empirical results regarding the relation between emotional intelligence (EI) and entrepreneurial intention were nevertheless mixed across studies. Based on fit theory and trait activation theory, the purpose of this paper is to explain the fundamental reason for the mixed findings in the extant literature thus far. Design/methodology/approach Random-effects meta-analyses, based on 12 studies (along with 12 effect sizes), were performed to not only investigate the overall relation between EI and entrepreneurial intention but also to examine the moderators (i.e. individualism (vs collectivism), masculinity (vs femininity), power distance, long-term orientation (vs short-term orientation), uncertainty avoidance, and indulgence (vs restraint)) that influence this relation. Findings The results of this meta-analysis demonstrated that EI is positively related to entrepreneurial intention; the positive relationship between EI and entrepreneurial intention is stronger in long-term-oriented cultures; and the positive relationship between EI and entrepreneurial intention does not significantly differ based on a culture’s level of collectivism, masculinity, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and indulgence. Originality/value This meta-analysis advances the current understanding of the relation between EI and entrepreneurial intention from cross-cultural perspectives.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN HUTANG TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Ari Triadi Wijaya ◽  
Muhammad Ali Fikri
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Free Variable ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Total Debt ◽  
Research Population

This study aims to determine the effect of debt policy on  financial performance of coal companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Policy debt is proxied by short term debt (STD), long term debt (LTD), and total debt (TD), while financial performance is proxied by return on equity (ROE). This research carried out for 3 (three) years, namely 2015-2017. This research is a causal research with a quantitative approach, whereas based on the level of exploration of this study, including associative research. Population research is a coal company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015-2017. Samples obtained were based on purposive sampling technique, and obtained 21 company. Data analysis technique used panel data regression. Regression with using the free variable short term debt (STD), long term debt (LTD), and total debt (TD). Based on the results of data analysis, STD has no significant effect on ROE. Variable LTD has a significant effect on ROE. The TD variable has no significant effect with ROE. so the STD and LTD variables are able to influence the ROE variable explained by other factors outside this research model.

How do national cultures impact the operations strategy process?

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1937-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Lee Park ◽  
Ely Laureano Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Operations Strategy ◽  
Manufacturing Strategy ◽  
National Cultures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cultural Aspects

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the extent to which different patterns of cross-functional integration and the operations strategy (OS) process may be explained by national cultures differences.Design/methodology/approachPerceptual survey data from 105 manufacturing plants in four countries were used to validate the constructs and to test the hypotheses. The plants are located in two Western and two Eastern countries with different industrialization and development backgrounds (Brazil, China, Germany and South Korea). CFA validated the constructs, and ANOVA andt-tests evaluated the differences between levels of four Hofstede’s elements (i.e. power distance, individualism vs collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and long-term vs short-term orientation) on the OS process enablers (i.e. leadership for cross-functional integration and functional integration) and elements (i.e. manufacturing strategy linkage to corporate strategy and formulation of manufacturing strategy).FindingsResults suggest that different OS and OM processes are present in different national cultures. Leadership for cross-functional integration and manufacturing strategy linkage to corporate strategy differ between levels of power distance, individualism vs collectivism and uncertainty avoidance. Functional integration and formulation of manufacturing strategy also present differences according to the degree of individualism vs collectivism and long-term orientation.Originality/valueResults indicate that national culture is a key aspect for the OS process. Prior studies usually do not consider cultural aspects. Therefore, the OS process varies in different countries and contexts. Managers need to adjust their OS process when they are developing a global OS.

A Cross-cultural Contrastive Analysis of Views on Friendship in Chinese and English Proverbs

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1037
Author(s):  
Wenjun Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Power Distance ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chinese And English

By applying a contrastive analysis, this paper aims at presenting the differences of the views on friendship between China and Americans reflected in proverbs about friendship and friends under the guidance of Cultural Dimensions Theory. Differences are found in the acceptance of the hierarchy in human relations, expectations of loyalty and long-term commitments from friends, and inclination of independence. Power distance dimension, individualism versus collectivism dimension and long-term versus short-term orientation dimension are exploited to account for the differences.

Methodology of Creep Data Analysis for Advanced High Cr Ferritic Steel

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouichi Maruyama ◽  
Kyosuke Yoshimi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Rupture Life ◽  
Creep Rupture ◽  
Creep Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Region Analysis ◽  
Rupture Data ◽  
Term Creep

Long term creep rupture life is usually evaluated from short term data by a time-temperature parameter (TTP) method. The apparent activation energy Q for rupture life of steels sometimes changes from a high value of short term creep to a low value of long term creep. However, the conventional TTP analyses ignore the decrease in Q, resulting in the overestimation of rupture life recognized recently in advanced high Cr ferritic steels. A multi region analysis of creep rupture data is applied to a creep data set of Gr.122 steel; in the analysis a creep rupture data is divided into several data sets so that Q value is unique in each divided data set. The multi region analysis provides the best fit to the data and the lowest value of 105 h creep rupture strength among the three ways of data analysis examined. The conventional single region analysis cannot correctly represent the data points and predicts the highest strength. A half of 0.2% proof stress could not be an appropriate boundary for dividing data to be used in the multi region analysis. In the 2001 Edition of ASME Code an F average concept has been proposed as a substitution for the safety factor of 2/3 for average rupture stress. The allowable stress of Gr.122 steel may decrease significantly when the F average concept and the multi region analysis are adopted.

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