scholarly journals Inversion results appended with estimates from vegetation changes in assessment of Ground Surface Temperatures for the Amazon Region, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Valiya Hamza ◽  
Fábio Vieira ◽  
Suze Guimaraes ◽  
Elizabeth Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Functional Space ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Inverse Models ◽  
Borehole Temperature

Estimates have been made of ground surface temperature (GST) variations for 25 localities in the region of Manaus (province of Amazon in Brazil) making use of both forward and inverse models. The work is based on analysis of borehole temperature logs as well as remote sensing data concerning changes in vegetation cover. Results of functional space inversion (FSI) of borehole temperature data reveal the occurrence of a cooling event, with a decrease in temperature of slightly less than 1oC, for the period of 1600 to 1850 AD. This episode coincides roughly with the period of “little ice age” in the southern hemisphere. It was followed by a warming event, with magnitudes varying from 2 to 3oC, that lasted until recent times. Integration of these results with estimates based on changes in normalized index of vegetation cover (NVDI) of the last decade points to continuation of climate warming over the last decade. This event is found to be prominent in areas of deforestation in central parts of the Amazon region.

The influence of climate on pool inception in boreal fens

Botany ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 637-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Arlen-Pouliot ◽  
Serge Payette
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Climatic Forcing ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Physical Degradation ◽  
Pool Formation ◽  
Massive Tree

Fens are one of the two most important peatland types of the boreal biome. The fen surface is often made of contrasted microenvironments, pools and strings, distributed in a geometric arrangement known as patterned fen. The fens are under the influence of varying water regimes causing the formation of pools, a process that we named aqualysis. The term refers to the physical degradation of the vegetation cover under the influence of water ponding. It is proposed here that pool inception is among a set of differential responses of peatland ecosystems to changes in hydrology caused by climate. In this study, we have evaluated the influence of climate on pool inception using the spatiotemporal distribution of trees found dead in pools of four boreal fens of northwestern Quebec. Tree-ring dating of tree mortality allowed the determination of the most recent and synchronized periods of pool formation in the studied fens. Most trees died over the last centuries, particularly after 1750 AD. The demographic pattern of tree establishment and mortality highlights a climatic forcing linked to the Little Ice Age oscillation opposing less humid events facilitating tree colonization succeeded by more humid events causing massive tree death and pool inception. We conclude that peatland aqualysis is among the processes controlled by climate contributing to the dynamics of patterned fens through pool formation.

Compositional vegetation changes and increased red spruce abundance during the Little Ice Age in a sugar maple forest of north-eastern North America

Plant Ecology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 213 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Houle ◽  
Pierre J. H. Richard ◽  
Sabary Omer Ndzangou ◽  
Marc Richer-Laflèche
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
North Eastern

Post-Little Ice Age retreat of glaciers triggered rapid paraglacial landscape transformation in Sørkapp Land (Spitsbergen)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Dudek ◽  
Mateusz Czesław Strzelecki
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Glacier Recession ◽  
Landscape Transformation ◽  
Glacial Landforms ◽  
Marginal Zones

<p>Contemporary climate warming in the Arctic affects the dynamics of the entire environment, including components of the cryosphere: permafrost and glacier systems. The change in the structure of the polar landscape since the termination of the Little Ice Age (ca. 1900) was expressed by widespread retreat of glaciers, progressive exposure of glacial landforms at ice margins and opening ice marginal zones to increasing paraglacial and periglacial processes operating synchronously in adjacent areas.</p><p>The main aim of the presented study was to determine the course and spatial diversity of landscape transformation in the Sørkapp Land peninsula (Spitsbergen) as a result of glacier recession in the periods 1961-1990-2010 based on existing remote sensing data. Using photogrammetric methods of data processing combined with GIS techniques, the rates of proglacial and ice-marginal terrain change following deglaciation have been determined.</p><p>For the mentioned research period, the area of the marginal zones almost doubled from 53 km² to 99 km². The dynamics of landscape transformation in these zones manifested in rapid reduction in the surface elevation of ice-cored moraines (with mean decrease of 0,18-0,22 m per year) and the forms underlain by the dead-ice. This process was enhanced by mass movements and debris flows. Within marginal zones, the area of subglacial landforms and sediments increased by 31 km² from 8 km² in 1961 to 39 km² in 2010.</p><p>Larger volume of proglacial waters and associated intensification of denudation, transport and accumulation of sediments entailed area increase of sandurs and proglacial riverbeds (which almost tripled from 3,5 km² to over 10 km²). Further redeposition and remobilization of material in some places also promoted enhanced sediment aggradation in coastal environment forming new beaches and spit systems.</p>

scholarly journals Ground surface temperature reconstruction for the last 500 years obtained from permafrost temperatures observed in the Stelvio Share borehole, Italian Alps

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Guglielmin ◽  
Marco Donatelli ◽  
Matteo Semplice ◽  
Stefano Serra Capizzano
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Temperature Reconstruction ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
The Alps ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

Abstract. The general pattern of ground surface temperatures (GST) reconstructed from the permafrost Stelvio Share Borehole (SSB) for the last 500 years are similar to the mean annual air temperature (MAAT) reconstructions for the European Alps. The main difference with respect to MAAT reconstructions relates to post Little Ice Age (LIA) events. Between 1940 and 1989, SSB data indicate a 0.9 °C cooling. Subsequently, a rapid and abrupt GST warming (more than 0.8 °C per decade) was recorded between 1990 and 2011. This warming is of the same magnitude as the increase of MAAT between 1990 and 2000 recorded in central Europe and roughly double the MAAT in the Alps.

Greenhouses, hot water bottles, cycles and the future of New Zealand climate

2009 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
W.P. De Lange
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Almost All

The Greenhouse Effect acts to slow the escape of infrared radiation to space, and hence warms the atmosphere. The oceans derive almost all of their thermal energy from the sun, and none from infrared radiation in the atmosphere. The thermal energy stored by the oceans is transported globally and released after a range of different time periods. The release of thermal energy from the oceans modifies the behaviour of atmospheric circulation, and hence varies climate. Based on ocean behaviour, New Zealand can expect weather patterns similar to those from 1890-1922 and another Little Ice Age may develop this century.

RECOVERY FROM THE LITTLE ICE AGE: GEOTHERMAL EVIDENCES

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Gornostayeva ◽  
◽  
Dmitry Demezhko ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age

LITTLE ICE AGE IN THE EARTH HISTORY AND ITS POSSIBLE REASONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Valeriy Fedorov ◽  
Denis Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Earth History ◽  
The Earth
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