scholarly journals Leveraging the Prolific Platform for Substance Use Research: Recommendations for Repeated Assessment and Psychometric Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasey Stanton ◽  
Ryan Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychometric Studies

We present data from multiple samples demonstrating the Prolific platform’s potential for efficiently collecting data for substance use research involving repeated assessments, including for psychometric research requiring large samples. First, we present data from a 5-day daily diary protocol. We recruited a large sample (N = 321 at Day 1) screened for a history of self-identified mental health issues and weekly alcohol use. Participant adherence was good (82%) even without in-person contact. Alcohol use patterns conformed to theoretical expectations: Participants were more likely to drink on Fridays and Saturdays than other days, men drank more than women, and higher Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT; Saunders et al., 1993) scores were associated with an increased likelihood of use and more overall drinking. Second, we present data from 429 Prolific participants screened for a history of mental health issues who completed assessments 2 weeks apart with strong retention (N = 377; 88%). We compare these data with data from undergraduates (N = 529) to demonstrate Prolific’s utility for conducting psychometrically-oriented substance use research. Internal consistency estimates for measures from the Prolific data matched or exceeded those from the undergraduate data. Furthermore, measure scores showed strong temporal stability, and factor structures (e.g., AUDIT item level structures) conformed to theoretical expectations. Collectively, findings indicate that Prolific can be used successfully for repeated measures data collection. We also provide recommendations for using Prolific to target participant recruitment for repeated measures studies, especially in the areas of psychometric and substance use research.

The Mental Health of U.S. Parents During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-335
Author(s):  
Margaret R. Lamar ◽  
Megan Speciale ◽  
Lisa K. Forbes ◽  
Courtney Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Problem Alcohol Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Evidence suggests parents experience unique pandemic-related stressors related to isolation, food insecurity, school closures, and unemployment. This study examined 1,048 U.S. parents’ depression, anxiety, stress, and alcohol and substance use behaviors during March and April 2020 to better understand the impact of pandemic-related conditions on parents’ mental health. Mean scores indicated severe levels of depression and stress and extremely severe anxiety. Nearly two thirds (74.7%) indicated alcohol use in the past month, with 26.5% scoring in the range for problem alcohol use. Almost half of the sample reported using at least one substance in the previous 2 weeks. Men had significantly higher alcohol consumption and substance use than women. Depression, anxiety, and stress were higher for parents who consumed alcohol or substances and had a history of depression or anxiety. The long-term impact of COVID-19 is unknown, and mental health care is likely to be in high demand moving forward.

Possession of weapon and school violence among adolescents and their association with history of traumatic brain injury, substance use and mental health issues

Injury ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ilie ◽  
Robert E. Mann ◽  
Angela Boak ◽  
Hayley A. Hamilton ◽  
Jürgen Rehm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
School Violence ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
History Of

A systematic review of studies examining effectiveness of therapeutic communities

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne Magor-Blatch ◽  
Navjot Bhullar ◽  
Bronwyn Thomson ◽  
Einar Thorsteinsson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Communities ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mental Health Issues

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to systematically review quantitative research since 2000 on the effectiveness of residential therapeutic communities (TCs) for the treatment of substance-use disorders with reference to substance-use, crime, mental health and social engagement outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic search with broad inclusion criteria resulted in the review of 11 studies. The studies investigated community-based TCs, as well as TCs modified for prisoners, prisoners transitioning to community living and TCs for individuals with co-occurring substance-use and mental health issues. Findings – Results were analysed by comparing the findings of the studies under investigation, of which three studies investigated within-subjects outcomes, four compared TC treatment with a no-treatment control condition and four compared TC treatment with another treatment condition. Conclusion: consistent with previous systematic reviews of TCs, outcomes varied across studies but indicated TCs are generally effective as a treatment intervention, with reductions in substance-use and criminal activity, and increased improvement in mental health and social engagement evident in a number of studies reviewed. Research limitations/implications – Variability in outcomes suggests further TC research and research syntheses focusing on a second key research question in the evaluation of complex interventions – how the intervention works – could play an important role in understanding TC effectiveness, and for whom it is effective and in what contexts. Practical implications – Although there is some variability in treatment populations included in this review, evidence reported in other studies suggests individuals with severe substance-use disorders, mental health issues, forensic involvement and trauma histories, will benefit from TC treatment. This is supported by the literature which has found a general relationship between severity of substance use and treatment intensity (Darke et al., 2012; De Leon et al., 2008) with outcomes further enhanced by self-selection into treatment and appropriate client-treatment matching (see De Leon, 2010; De Leon et al., 2000, 2008). The weight of evidence gleaned from multiple sources of research, including randomised control trials and field outcome studies (De Leon, 2010) suggests TCs are an important and effective treatment for clients in improving at least some aspects of their quality of life, specifically mental health and social engagement, and in reducing harmful behaviours, including substance-use and crime. Variability in treatment setting and populations reflect the real-world setting in which TC treatment is delivered, providing a multifaceted treatment modality to a complex population in variable circumstances. Originality/value – The strength of the current study is that it provided a broad evaluation of TC effectiveness across a range of outcomes (substance-use, criminal activity, mental health and social engagement), and is therefore valuable in updating the current literature and providing context for future research in this area. It aimed to address a key question in evaluating complex interventions: whether they are effective as they are delivered. Findings suggest that TC treatment is generally effective for the populations of concern in reducing substance use and criminal activity and contributing to some improvement in mental health and social engagement outcomes.

The Impact of the Model Minority Culture in Higher Education Institutions

2016 ◽  
pp. 404-445
Author(s):  
Ben Tran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Model Minority ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Asian American and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) are one of the fastest growing ethnic communities in the United States. Often referred to as the model minority, first coined by William Peterson, in 1966, AAPIs in the U.S. number approximately 15 million and represent more than 100 languages and dialects. However, few studies have investigated psychological consequences of internalizing the model minority. The purpose of this chapter is delve into the other side of the model minority façade, the less glamorous side of model minority, one of the causes of Asian Americans' psychological and mental health issues: the history of model minority, the concept of stereotype, and the various psychological and mental health issues, the reputation of the concept of psychological issues, and mental health services. While there is sacred empirical evidence in the support of the claim that direct causality exists between model minority and psychological and mental health issues, validities and correlations can be established, through the shared classification of diagnosed symptoms.

Mental health correlates of substance use behaviors among a nationally representative sample of juvenile offenders

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Proctor ◽  
Albert M. Kopak
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Health Domains ◽  
Nationally Representative

Purpose This paper aims to extend previous findings by identifying the mental health correlates of both acute and chronic substance use behaviors among a large nationally representative sample of juvenile offenders. Design/methodology/approach Survey of Youth in Residential Placement interview data from 6,920 juvenile offenders (76% male) detained in 290 US facilities were analyzed to determine bivariate relationships between two indicators of substance use (acute and chronic) and seven mental health domains (depression/isolation, anxiety, anger, trauma, inattention, hallucinations and suicidality). Findings Prevalence rates of above average indications for all seven mental health domains were significantly higher among offenders under the influence of a substance at the time they committed their instant offense compared to those not under the influence. Offenders with above average indications in the seven studied mental health areas reported a higher level of chronic effects of substance use relative to those with average or below mental health indications. Practical implications The results have important implications for the assessment and treatment of co-occurring mental health issues among juvenile offenders with substance use issues. Juveniles with above average mental health indications may be more prone to experiencing a number of substance-related problems. Observed results may guide the implementation of routine assessment procedures at the juvenile detention level. Intake specialists should screen and administer comprehensive mental health assessments for juveniles who report substance intoxication at the time of their instant offense. Juvenile offenders who report clinical levels of mental health symptoms should receive a comprehensive assessment of substance use and related problems. Originality/value Although the co-occurrence of substance use and mental health issues among juvenile justice involved populations is well documented, previous research studies in this area have included a number of limitations. Relatively small offender sample populations, often from a single facility, warrant further work with a large, nationally representative sample of juvenile offenders. Inconsistency in measures of substance use and the failure to distinguish between acute and chronic measures of substance use in prior studies also require further investigation. This study contributes to the extant co-occurring substance use and mental health knowledge base by identifying the mental health correlates of both acute and chronic substance use behaviors among a large nationally representative sample of juvenile offenders.

scholarly journals Non-medical prescription drug and illicit street drug use among young Swiss men and associated mental health issues

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Baggio ◽  
Joseph Studer ◽  
Meichun Mohler-Kuo ◽  
Jean-Bernard Daeppen ◽  
Gerhard Gmel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Street Drugs ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Substance Use Prevention ◽  
Sleeping Pills ◽  
Mental Health Issues

Abstract Non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) is increasing among the general population, particularly among teenagers and young adults. Although prescription drugs are considered safer than illicit street drugs, NMUPD can lead to detrimental consequences. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between drug use (NMUPD on the one side, illicit street drugs on the other side) with mental health issues and then compare these associations. A representative sample of 5719 young Swiss men aged around 20 years filled in a questionnaire as part of the ongoing baseline Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF). Drug use (16 illicit street drugs and 5 NMUPDs, including sleeping pills, sedatives, pain killers, antidepressants, stimulants) and mental health issues (depression, SF12) were assessed. Simple and multiple linear regressions were employed. In simple regressions, all illicit and prescription drugs were associated with poorer mental health. In multiple regressions, most of the NMUPDs, except for stimulants, were significantly associated with poorer mental health and with depression. On the contrary, the only associations that remained significant between illicit street drugs and mental health involved cannabis. NMUPD is of growing concern not only because of its increasing occurrence, but also because of its association with depression and mental health problems, which is stronger than the association observed between these problems and illicit street drug use, excepted for cannabis. Therefore, NMUPD must be considered in screening for substance use prevention purposes.

scholarly journals Mental Health Comorbidity In HIV-positive Zambian Adults Who Consume Alcohol

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Kanguya ◽  
M Vinkoor ◽  
A Sharma ◽  
S van Wyk ◽  
R Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Unhealthy Alcohol Use ◽  
Unhealthy Alcohol ◽  
Mental Health Issues

Abstract Background Alcohol abuse is common in Zambia and a growing threat to achieving the 90 90 90 treatment target to ending the HIV epidemic. Brief counselling is offered but has limited effectiveness possibly because it does not address the mental health issues that underpin drinking behavior. We assessed the frequency and nature of comorbid mental health issues in HIV-positive drinkers in Zambia. Methods As part of an ongoing randomized control trial (NCT03966885), we recruited HIV positive adults on ART who reported at least 1 alcoholic drink in the previous 3 months from two clinics in Lusaka, Zambia. Using audio computer assisted self-interviewers, we captured demographic information and screened for unhealthy alcohol use (AUDIT), depression (CES-D), trauma (HTQ) and other substance abuse (ASSIST). These instruments have previously been validated in Zambia. Established cut-offs were used to define unhealthy alcohol use (AU), depression (DEP), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance abuse (SU). Results Among 300 individuals reporting any alcohol use, 165 agreed to screening. 155 participants were recruited, including 93 men and 62 women. Nearly all screened 146 (94.2%) had unhealthy alcohol use and 9 (5.8%) had low to moderate alcohol scores. Comorbid mental health issues were present in 72 % of unhealthy drinkers, most commonly depression 46 (31.5 %) and trauma 35 (24 %). Non-alcohol substance use (7.6 %) comorbidities where less prevalent than mental health comorbidities among those with unhealthy alcohol use. Conclusions Among urban Zambian adults living with HIV who reported alcohol consumption at their ART clinic, unhealthy use was the norm; moderate alcohol use was rare. Comorbid mental health issues (particularly depression and trauma) are highly prevalent among unhealthy drinkers with HIV. These data suggest that all unhealthy drinkers should be screened for mental health issues. Key messages Alcohol Abuse In HIV Patients Is Common In Zambia. HIV Patients Abusing Alcohol Suffer From Depression and Trauma.

scholarly journals Burden of Psychological Issues in Young, Adults and Parents Globally and in India due to COVID

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Mental Health Issue ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was first detected in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since spread to several provinces in China. India had 15.3 million cases as of April 21, 2021, with 13.1 million cases recovered; however, 181 thousand patients died as a result of the covid. The government enforced a full lockdown across the country to break the chain of Covid infections. People became isolated from society as a result of the lockdown. They limited access to the healthcare system, as well as schools, universities, and other social institutions. The new normal was difficult for people to adjust to, the health-care system was on the verge of collapsing, and the fear of COVID caused widespread anxiety and mental health issues. According to the recent study published in Lancet on November 9, 18 percent of COVID-19 patients developed a mental health issue— like depression, anxiety, or dementia — within 3 months of diagnosis. Their risk was doubled compared to people who didn’t have COVID-19. In the study, authors examined whether a diagnosis of COVID-19 was associated with increased rates of subsequent psychiatric diagnoses, and whether patients with a history of psychiatric illness are at a higher risk of being diagnosed with COVID-19, using data from 69 million people, 62354 of whom have been diagnosed with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Depictions of psychopathology and mental health issues in music: themes and musical genres

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabián Pavez ◽  
Erika Saura ◽  
Gemma Pérez ◽  
Pedro Marset
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Concerns ◽  
Musical Genres

Introduction. In previous communications we have proposed that the analysis of cultural products related to art, and music in particular, can inform us about the social representations of psychiatry and mental illness. This topic is not irrelevant to our clinical practice, since it favors a better understanding about what are the meanings of our profession and its scope of practice for our patients and general population. In this work, we focused on portrayals of psychopathology in music and the musical genres associated. Objectives. By exploring studies addressing depictions of mental disorders or mental health concerns in music, we intend: - to assess the distribution of psychopathological themes alluded; and - to characterize the most studied musical genres that are associated to portrayals of mental disorders or mental health concerns. Methods. Starting from a previous systematic review of studies addressing depictions of mental disorders or mental health issues in music, thirty-seven articles are examined. Frequency of portrayed themes and musical genres associated are presented. Results/Conclusion. As we can expect, references to substance use in music are the most frequently studied. Studies addressing references to 'madness' in music are frequent too, but in a lesser extent. Other mental health issues depicted are: affective disorders; suicide; sexuality and gender; personality disorders; self-destructive behavior; resilience; as well as general links between music and mental illness/psychiatry. Studies addressing substance use are mostly focused on multiple genres (based in popularity rankings). With regards substance use, Rap and Rock are two genres specifically studied. Links between country music, alcohol use and suicide have been described in literature. Rock and Opera are the genres more frequently associated with references to 'madness'.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document