scholarly journals The Lure of Counterfactual Curiosity: People Incur a Cost to Experience Regret

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily FitzGibbon ◽  
Asuka Komiya ◽  
Kou Murayama
Keyword(s):  
Help Seeking ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Total N ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
Behavior Adjustment

After making a decision, it is sometimes possible to seek information about how things would be if one had acted otherwise. We investigated the lure of this counterfactual information, namely counterfactual curiosity. In a set of five experiments (total N = 150) we used an adapted Balloon Analogue Risk Task with varying costs of information. People were willing to seek information about how much they could have won, at a cost, and even though it had little utility and a negative emotional impact (i.e. it led to regret). We explore the downstream effects of seeking information on emotion, behavior adjustment, and ongoing performance, showing that it has little or even negative performance benefit. We also replicated the findings with a large-sample (N = 361) preregistered experiment that excluded possible alternative explanations. This suggests that information about counterfactual alternatives has a strong motivational lure – people simply cannot help seeking it.

scholarly journals The Lure of Counterfactual Curiosity: People Incur a Cost to Experience Regret

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-255
Author(s):  
Lily FitzGibbon ◽  
Asuka Komiya ◽  
Kou Murayama
Keyword(s):  
Help Seeking ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Total N ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
Behavior Adjustment

After you make a decision, it is sometimes possible to seek information about how things would be if you had acted otherwise. We investigated the lure of this counterfactual information, namely, counterfactual curiosity. In a set of five experiments (total N = 150 adults), we used an adapted Balloon Analogue Risk Task with varying costs of information. At a cost, people were willing to seek information about how much they could have won, even though it had little utility and a negative emotional impact (i.e., it led to regret). We explored the downstream effects of seeking information on emotion, behavior adjustment, and ongoing performance, showing that it has little or even negative performance benefit. We also replicated the findings with a large-sample ( N = 361 adults) preregistered experiment that excluded possible alternative explanations. This suggests that information about counterfactual alternatives has a strong motivational lure—people simply cannot help seeking it.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF CAREGIVERS WITH FAMILY CONFLICT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S487-S487
Author(s):  
JoAnna Dieker ◽  
Kelsey Bacharz ◽  
Kendall Weber ◽  
Sara H Qualls
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Total N ◽  
Present Sample ◽  
The Family ◽  
Spouse Caregivers ◽  
Family Beliefs

Abstract The family environment is often overlooked in caregiver research and assessment, despite having implications for caregiver health and well-being (Zarit et al., 2019). The purpose of the present study was to examine differences on two types of family conflict (beliefs and support) among a diverse sample of caregivers. The present sample consisted of help-seeking (n = 375) and non-help-seeking (n = 415) caregivers (total n = 790). Caregivers filled out the Caregiver Reaction Scale (O’Malley & Qualls, 2017), a multidimensional assessment of the caregiver experience. Results of a 2 (adult children, spouse) x 2 (help-seeking, non-help-seeking) ANOVA indicated that help-seeking caregivers reported significantly more conflict over family beliefs than did non-help-seeking caregivers (M = 1.93 and 1.58, respectively), F(3,606) = 21.10 p < .001. Adult children caregivers reported significantly greater conflict over family beliefs (M = 1.91) than did spouse caregivers (M = 1.60), F(3,606) = 10.66, p < .001. Adult children caregivers also reported significantly greater conflict over family support (M = 1.87) than did spouse caregivers (M = 1.57), F(3,600) = 16.23, p < .001. Results highlight that certain caregiving contexts (e.g., adult children caring for a parent) potentially increase family conflict, which has implications for caregiver burden. Family conflict over beliefs is also related to help-seeking in caregivers. Findings inform appropriate assessment and intervention regarding the family environment in caregiving.

scholarly journals N400 Evidence That the Early Stages of Lexical Access Ignore Knowledge About Phonological Alternations

2021 ◽  
pp. 002383092110200
Author(s):  
Stephen Politzer-Ahles ◽  
Jueyao Lin ◽  
Lei Pan ◽  
Ka Keung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Access ◽  
The Other ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Total N ◽  
Brain Potential ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Lexical Tones ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Potential Component

Hearing a word that was already expected often facilitates comprehension, attenuating the amplitude of the N400 event-related brain potential component. On the other hand, hearing a word that was not expected elicits a larger N400. In the present study, we examined whether the N400 would be attenuated when a person hears something that is not exactly what they expected but is a viable alternative pronunciation of the morpheme they expected. This was done using Mandarin syllables, some of which can be pronounced with different lexical tones depending on the context. In two large-sample experiments (total n = 160) testing syllables in isolation and in phonologically viable contexts, we found little evidence that hearing an alternative pronunciation of the expected word attenuates the N400. These results suggest that comprehenders do not take advantage of their knowledge about systematic phonological alternations during the early stages of prediction or discrimination.

Reaching out and seeking help from frontline professionals: experiences of men perpetrating partner violence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Sengoelge ◽  
Alvaro Ponce ◽  
Elisabeth Perry ◽  
Alessandra Pauncz ◽  
Heinrich Geldschlager
Keyword(s):  
Partner Violence ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Practice Skills

Background: Research on help-seeking behaviour in partner violence has mainly focused on victims. This article reports on a multi-country qualitative study exploring the views and experiences of men perpetrating partner violence and their contact with frontline professionals. The study was part of a wider programme of training for professionals to enable disclosure of domestic violence by perpetrators (project ENGAGE).Methods: Eleven semi]structured interviews and one focus group discussion with seven men were conducted and thematic analysis was used to analyse their responses. Emphasis was on understanding how professionalsf responses prevented or facilitated disclosure and seeking support and/or professional help.Results: The men revealed the difficulties they face in the process of disclosure and that help-seeking from non-specialised professionals had a negative emotional impact for most men. Four themes emerged: barriers to help-seeking for men; helpful responses from professionals; unhelpful responses to avoid; and recommendations for professionals to improve their interactions with men.Conclusion: This study has implications for the training of frontline professionals and underlines the need for changes in services to ensure that all men consistently receive an appropriate response and are directed to perpetrator programmes or specialised services.<br />Key messages<br /><ul><li>Men who sought help from frontline professionals for their violent behaviour towards their partners found it helpful when frontline professionals in a respectful and non-judgemental manner assisted men to find words to disclose their behaviour.</li><br /><li>They also needed support in identifying their responsibility for the violence and to provide a sense of hope that change is possible.</li><br /><li>Frontline professionals require training to gain and practice skills in communicating with men about their violent behaviour and support them in the referral process to specialised services.</li></ul>

scholarly journals Young Men, Help-Seeking, and Mental Health Services: Exploring Barriers and Solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Lynch ◽  
Maggie Long ◽  
Anne Moorhead
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Medication ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Total N ◽  
North West

International research has identified young men as reluctant to seek help for mental health problems. This research explored barriers and solutions to professional help seeking for mental health problems among young men living in the North West of Ireland. A qualitative approach, using two focus groups with six participants each and five face-to-face interviews, was conducted with men aged 18 to 24 years (total N = 17). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Seven key themes of barriers to professional help seeking were identified: “acceptance from peers,” “personal challenges,” “cultural and environmental influences,” “self-medicating with alcohol,” “perspectives around seeking professional help,” “fear of homophobic responses,” and “traditional masculine ideals.” Five key themes of solutions to these barriers included “tailored mental health advertising,” “integrating mental health into formal education,” “education through semiformal support services,” “accessible mental health care,” and “making new meaning.” Interesting findings on barriers include fear of psychiatric medication, fear of homophobic responses from professionals, the legacy of Catholic attitudes, and the genuine need for care. This study offers an in-depth exploration of how young men experience barriers and uniquely offers solutions identified by participants themselves. Youth work settings were identified as a resource for engaging young men in mental health work. Young men can be encouraged to seek help if services and professionals actively address barriers, combining advertising, services, and education, with particular attention and respect to how and when young men seek help and with whom they want to share their problems.

scholarly journals Patterns of symptoms possibly indicative of cancer and associated help-seeking behaviour in a large sample of United Kingdom residents—The USEFUL study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e0228033
Author(s):  
Philip C. Hannaford ◽  
Alison J. Thornton ◽  
Peter Murchie ◽  
Katriina L. Whitaker ◽  
Rosalind Adam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviour

scholarly journals Can Gender Differences in Distress Due to Difficult Voices Be Explained by Differences in Relating?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Schlier ◽  
Xenia Sitara ◽  
Clara Strauss ◽  
Aikaterini Rammou ◽  
Tania M. Lincoln ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Female Voice ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Matched Samples ◽  
Mediation Models

Abstract Background Research on gender differences has found that women relate to negative voice hearing experiences with more negative emotions and report more distress due to voices, which may be rooted in differences in relating to voices. This study used a robust methodology and a large sample to explore gender differences in relating to voices and voice distress. Methods Matched samples of male (n = 124) and female (n = 124) voice hearers were drawn from a survey for secondary analysis. Voice severity (e.g., frequency or loudness), voice distress, and different types of dysfunctional (i.e., passive or aggressive) and functional (assertive) relating were measured. Group comparisons, mediation models, and network analyses were calculated. Results Female voice hearers reported more severe voices, more voice distress, more passive, and less assertive relating. Mediation and network analyses yielded evidence for pathways from gender to voice distress via relating and via differences in voice severity. Conclusion Gender differences in the emotional impact of voices can be partially explained by relating behavior. Psychological interventions for voice hearing could be optimized by exploring the influence of gender in the emergence of distressing voices. Nevertheless, gender differences need to be treated as one of several different possible mechanisms when working with individual patients.

scholarly journals 0866 Help-Seeking Interest and Preferences for Sleep Problems in a Large Sample of Cancer Patients

SLEEP ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. A322-A322
Author(s):  
E S Zhou ◽  
K Clark ◽  
R Obenchain ◽  
C J Recklitis ◽  
M Loscalzo
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Large Sample

Predictors of Purchasing a Hearing Aid After an Evaluation Period: A Prospective Study in Dutch Older Hearing Aid Candidates

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3S) ◽  
pp. 802-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Pronk ◽  
Janine F. J. Meijerink ◽  
Sophia E. Kramer ◽  
Martijn W. Heymans ◽  
Jana Besser
Keyword(s):  
Help Seeking ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Evaluation Period ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Baseline Covariates

Purpose The current study aimed to identify factors that distinguish between older (50+ years) hearing aid (HA) candidates who do and do not purchase HAs after having gone through an HA evaluation period (HAEP). Method Secondary data analysis of the SUpport PRogram trial was performed ( n = 267 older, 1st-time HA candidates). All SUpport PRogram participants started an HAEP shortly after study enrollment. Decision to purchase an HA by the end of the HAEP was the outcome of interest of the current study. Participants' baseline covariates (22 in total) were included as candidate predictors. Multivariable logistic regression modeling (backward selection and reclassification tables) was used. Results Of all candidate predictors, only pure-tone average (average of 1, 2, and 4 kHz) hearing loss emerged as a significant predictor (odds ratio = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [1.03, 1.17]). Model performance was weak (Nagelkerke R 2 = .04, area under the curve = 0.61). Conclusions These data suggest that, once HA candidates have decided to enter an HAEP, factors measured early in the help-seeking journey do not predict well who will and will not purchase an HA. Instead, factors that act during the HAEP may hold this predictive value. This should be examined.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document