scholarly journals Open Science Practices are on the Rise: The State of Social Science (3S) Survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garret Christensen ◽  
Zenan Wang ◽  
Elizabeth Levy Paluck ◽  
Nicholas Swanson ◽  
David J. Birke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Open Science ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Change ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Institutional Policies ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Major Social Science

Has there been meaningful movement toward open science practices within the social sciences in recent years? Discussions about changes in practices such as posting data and pre-registering analyses have been marked by controversy—including controversy over the extent to which change has taken place. This study, based on the State of Social Science (3S) Survey, provides the first comprehensive assessment of awareness of, attitudes towards, perceived norms regarding, and adoption of open science practices within a broadly representative sample of scholars from four major social science disciplines: economics, political science, psychology, and sociology. We observe a steep increase in adoption: as of 2017, over 80% of scholars had used at least one such practice, rising from one quarter a decade earlier. Attitudes toward research transparency are on average similar between older and younger scholars, but the paceof change differs by field and methodology. According with theories of normal science and scientific change, the timing of increases in adoption coincides with technological innovations and institutional policies. Patterns are consistent with most scholars underestimating the trend toward open science in their discipline.

scholarly journals Can we Trust Science and, if so, Why?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Wuttke
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Research On Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Knowledge Claims

The trustworthiness of scientific findings is at the center of current scholarly and public debates. The contestation of scientific knowledge claims is reason to take a break from our every-day tasks as scientists and to reflect upon our doing as professional truth-seekers. This essay reviews two recent books on foundational and practical questions on the scholarly generation of knowledge. 'Why Trust Science' (Oreskes) is an intellectual expedition into the epistemological foundations of science. 'Transparent and Reproducible Social Science Research' (Christensen, Freese, Miguel) is the first book-length primer on contemporary Open Science debates in the social sciences. Together, these books demonstrate the range of what we can learn from the new wave of ‘research on research’, both as curious citizens and as academic scholars.

scholarly journals Yes! We’re open. Open science and the future of academic practices in translation and interpreting studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Olalla-Soler
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Academic Publishing ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Academic Practices ◽  
Core Features ◽  
Publishing Practices

This article offers an overview of open science and open-science practices and their applications to translation and interpreting studies (TIS). Publications on open science in different disciplines were reviewed in order to define open science, identify academic publishing practices emerging from the core features of open science, and discuss the limitations of such practices in the humanities and the social sciences. The compiled information was then contextualised within TIS academic publishing practices based on bibliographic and bibliometric data. The results helped to identify what open-science practices have been adopted in TIS, what problems emerge from applying some of these practices, and in what ways such practices could be fostered in our discipline. This article aims to foster a debate on the future of TIS publishing and the role that open science will play in the discipline in the upcoming years.

The State as a Conceptual Variable

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Nettl
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
The State ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Empirical Fact ◽  
The Social

The concept of state is not much in vogue in the social sciences right now. Yet it retains a skeletal, ghostly existence largely because, for all the changes in emphasis and interest of research, the thing exists and no amount of conceptual restructuring can dissolve it. The present article develops a conceptual approach in which no violence is done to historical or empirical fact, but which offers a means of integrating the concept of state into the current primacy of social science concerns and analytical methods. It is hoped that this approach not only will provide a convenient conceptualization, but will contribute to attacking a substantive problem of some consequence. Since the relevant area is potentially huge, no more than a brushstroke configuration can be attempted.

Some Reflections on “Changing Social Science to Change the World”

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-448
Author(s):  
Warren E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Presidential Address ◽  
The State ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Manifest Content ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

One responds to Lee Benson’s conversational gambits with prudence and to his considered formal arguments with great care. If, as in the present circumstance, he is making a “statement,” trepidation is in order. His revolutionary zeal is as formidable as the scholarly understanding which lies behind his advocacy. Moreover, whenever I am tempted to disagree with the manifest content of a Benson argument, I hesitate to express that disagreement because of an experientially based apprehension that I may be totally missing the latent truths that lie within the argument. However, as I recall the SSHA meeting where the presidential address was first presented, I then had the temerity to offer a rather all embracing disagreement with his diagnoses and assessments, if not his prescriptions, where the state of the health of the social sciences is concerned. Emboldened by the realization that I am on record with a public demurral, I will now proceed to restate the nature of my disagreement.

scholarly journals How open science can benefit bilingualism research: A lesson in six tales

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Dal Ben ◽  
Melanie Brouillard ◽  
Ana Maria Gonzalez-Barrero ◽  
Hilary Killam ◽  
Lena V. Kremin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Recent Discussion ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Replication Crisis ◽  
Do So

Bilingualism is hard to define, measure, and study. Sparked by the so-called replication crisis in the social sciences, a recent discussion on the advantages of open science is gaining momentum. Here we join this debate to argue that bilingualism research would greatly benefit from embracing open science. We do so in a unique way, by presenting six fictional stories that illustrate how open science practices — sharing preprints, materials, code, and data; pre-registering studies; and joining large-scale collaborations — can strengthen bilingualism research and further improve its quality.

scholarly journals An Agenda for Open Science in Communication

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Dienlin ◽  
Niklas Johannes ◽  
Nicholas David Bowman ◽  
Philipp K Masur ◽  
Sven Engesser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Replication Crisis

Abstract In the last 10 years, many canonical findings in the social sciences appear unreliable. This so-called “replication crisis” has spurred calls for open science practices, which aim to increase the reproducibility, replicability, and generalizability of findings. Communication research is subject to many of the same challenges that have caused low replicability in other fields. As a result, we propose an agenda for adopting open science practices in Communication, which includes the following seven suggestions: (1) publish materials, data, and code; (2) preregister studies and submit registered reports; (3) conduct replications; (4) collaborate; (5) foster open science skills; (6) implement Transparency and Openness Promotion Guidelines; and (7) incentivize open science practices. Although in our agenda we focus mostly on quantitative research, we also reflect on open science practices relevant to qualitative research. We conclude by discussing potential objections and concerns associated with open science practices.

An overview of the institutionalization process of social sciences in Mexico

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 411-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Reyna
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Science ◽  
The State ◽  
Central Hypothesis ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
National University ◽  
Research Institute

The article deals with the institutionalization of Mexican social sciences. The central hypothesis is that the state and the social sciences have always been related. Sometimes the link has been strong, at other times weaker, but it has never been absent. Mexico has had a relatively well-defined social policy of support for scientific activities. The most important institutions are sheltered by the state, at least in terms of budget. For this reason, the starting point of the institutionalization process in Mexico can be traced to the end of 1920s. Since then, strong institutions have been built. Without mentioning those dedicated to “hard research”, social science institutions have been important in discovering our past and understanding our present. The present study covers a period of 80 years, although the emphasis is on the period after 1939, the year in which the Social Sciences Research Institute of the National University (ISSUNAM) was founded.

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