scholarly journals Not So Fast: Searching for Behavioral Effects of Putrescine in Direct and Conceptual Replications of Wisman and Shrira (2015)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Anes ◽  
Jennifer L. Gile ◽  
Richard W. York
Keyword(s):  
Walking Speed ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Signal Perception ◽  
Threat Effect ◽  
Trace Amine ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Scientific Questions

Understanding olfactory signal perception in humans is important for advancing basic scientific questions about the role of odor in cognitive and social processes. Here we review animal research on behavioral consequences of exposure to putrescine, a trace amine found in bodily tissues and which is produced by decay processes. Wisman and Shrira (2015) exposed human participants to putrescine and other aversive substance odors, gathered hedonic ratings, and reported heightened vigilance and increased threat and escape-related cognitions and behavior in putrescine conditions. In Wisman & Shrira and the present experiments, participants and experimenters were blind to substance condition. We conducted a direct replication of Wisman and Shrira’s supraliminal exposure ratings and walking speed studies (Experiments 2 and 3) and a conceptual replication of a subliminal presentation defensive threat effect found in their Experiment 4. In our direct replication, putrescine and ammonia were rated similarly on intensity and repugnance, matching results obtained by Wisman and Shrira. Putrescine exposure was not associated with increased walking speed. In our conceptual replication, low-level putrescine exposure was not associated with ratings of potential aggressiveness of white and Black facial targets. Whether putrescine exposure reliably elicits threat-related cognition and behavior deserves further investigation.

Common Sense, Intuition, and Theory in Personality and Social Psychology

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Cacioppo
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Prior Beliefs ◽  
Naive Theories ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
And Behavior

Theoretical work in personality and social psychology benefits from a well-developed understanding of the prior empirical and theoretical work on a problem and from informed intuitions. Intuitions develop about a subject matter through years of study, investigation, and problem solving, just as chess masters develop a sophisticated set of cognitive structures that change the very appearance of the chess board. In part because the subject matter is so personal, students new to personality and social psychology arrive with many intuitions, prior beliefs, and naive theories about social processes and behavior based on unsystematic experiences and observations. These intuitions can hinder or foster theoretical progress. The role of mentors, critiques, and empirical tests in minimizing the deleterious effects of these entry biases is discussed. Refined scientific intuitions are also subject to error, however, so means of minimizing these errors are also discussed.

Individual Differences in the Name Similarity Effect

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Howard ◽  
Roger A. Kerin
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Brand Attitude ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Usage Context

The name similarity effect is the tendency to like people, places, and things with names similar to our own. Although many researchers have examined name similarity effects on preferences and behavior, no research to date has examined whether individual differences exist in susceptibility to those effects. This research reports the results of two experiments that examine the role of self-monitoring in moderating name similarity effects. In the first experiment, name similarity effects on brand attitude and purchase intentions were found to be stronger for respondents high, rather than low, in self-monitoring. In the second experiment, the interactive effect observed in the first study was found to be especially true in a public (vs. private) usage context. These findings are consistent with theoretical expectations of name similarity effects as an expression of egotism manifested in the image and impression management concerns of high self-monitors.

Role of trace amine associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) in D2 dopamine receptor-related behavior and signaling

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Espinoza ◽  
F. Manago ◽  
M. Messa ◽  
T. D. Sotnikova ◽  
M. Caron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
D2 Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Trace Amine

Role of Trace Amine Associated Receptor 1 (TAAR1) in D2 Dopamine receptor-related behavior and signaling

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Espinoza ◽  
F. Manago ◽  
M. Messa ◽  
T. D. Sotnikova ◽  
M. Caron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
D2 Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Trace Amine

PERAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PEMBAYARAN RETRIBUSI SAMPAH DI KOTA SAMARINDA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Abd Rachim AF,
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
The Public ◽  
And Behavior

One of the environmental problems in urban areas is the pollution caused by garbage. The waste problem is caused by various factors such as population growth, living standards changes, lifestyles and behavior, as well as how the waste management system. This study aims to determine how the role of society to levy payments garbage in Samarinda. This research was descriptive; where the data is collected then compiled, described and analyzed used relative frequency analysis. The participation of the public to pay a "levy junk", which stated to pay 96.67%, for each month and the rates stated society cheap, moderate and fairly, respectively 46.08%, 21.21%, 21.04%. Base on the data , the role of the community to pay "levy junk" quite high.

The Impact of COVID-19 Quarantine on Children‘s Behaviors and Language

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 796-806
Author(s):  
Sana M Kamal ◽  
Ali Al-Samydai ◽  
Rudaina Othman Yousif ◽  
Talal Aburjai
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Child Psychology ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
The World ◽  
Female Children ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

COVID-19 pandemic has spread across the world, which considered a relative of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), with possibility of transmission from animals to human and effect each of health and economic. Several preventative strategies and non-pharmaceutical interventions have been used to slow down the spread of COVID-19. The questionnaire contained 36 questions regarding the impact of COVID-19 quarantine on children`s behaviors and language have been distributed online (Google form). Data collected after asking parents about their children behavior during quarantine, among the survey completers (n=469), 42.3% were female children, and 57.7 were male children. Results showed that quarantine has an impact on children`s behaviors and language, where stress and isolationism has a higher effect, while social relations had no impact. The majority of the respondents (75.0%) had confidence that community pharmacies can play an important role in helping families in protection their children`s behaviors and language as they made the highest contact with pharmacists during quarantine. One of the main recommendations that could be applied to help parents protection and improvement their children`s behaviors and language in quarantine condition base on simple random sample opinion is increasing the role of community pharmacies inpatient counseling and especially towards children after giving courses to pharmacists in child psychology and behavior. This could be helpful to family to protect their children, from any changing in them behaviors and language in such conditions in the future if the world reface such the same problem.

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