Neurodevelopmental Differences, Pedohebephilia, and Sexual Offending: Findings from Two Online Surveys

The neurodevelopmental theory of pedohebephilia states that sexual interests in children arise from early neurodevelopmental perturbations, as, for example, evidenced by increased non-right-handedness, more childhood head injuries, and reduced intelligence and height. As corroborating evidence largely rests on samples of convicted men, we conducted online surveys among German-speaking (Study 1, N = 199) and English-speaking men (Study 2, N = 632), specifically targeting community members with pedohebephilic or teleiophilic interests. Although we detected theoretically meaningful sexual interest patterns in an embedded viewing time task, we could not detect expected neurodevelopmental differences between teleiophilic and pedohebephilic men in any of the two studies. Strikingly, pedohebephilic men who reported convictions for sexual offences emerged as smaller and less intelligent than pedohebephilic men without convictions in Study 2. While elucidating possible third variable confounds, results have to be interpreted cautiously because of the methodological problems inherent to non-matched case control designs.

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Neurodevelopmental Differences, Pedohebephilia, and Sexual Offending: Findings from Two Online Surveys

Archives of Sexual Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10508-021-02228-w ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Sara Jahnke ◽

Alexander F. Schmidt ◽

Andrea Klöckner ◽

Jürgen Hoyer

Keyword(s):

Sexual Interest ◽

Sexual Offending ◽

Head Injuries ◽

Viewing Time ◽

Community Members ◽

Online Surveys ◽

Sexual Offenses ◽

German Speaking ◽

Methodological Problems ◽

English Speaking

AbstractThe neurodevelopmental theory of pedohebephilia states that sexual interests in children arise from early neurodevelopmental perturbations, as, for example, evidenced by increased non-right-handedness, more childhood head injuries, and reduced intelligence and height. As corroborating evidence largely rests on samples of convicted men, we conducted online surveys among German-speaking (Study 1, N = 199) and English-speaking men (Study 2, N = 632), specifically targeting community members with pedohebephilic or teleiophilic interests. Although we detected theoretically meaningful sexual interest patterns in an embedded viewing time task, we could not detect expected neurodevelopmental differences between teleiophilic and pedohebephilic men in either of the two studies. Strikingly, pedohebephilic men who reported convictions for sexual offenses emerged as shorter and less intelligent than pedohebephilic men without convictions in Study 2. While elucidating possible third variable confounds, results have to be interpreted cautiously because of the methodological problems inherent to non-matched case control designs.

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The Predictive Validity of Assessment Centers in German-Speaking Regions

Journal of Personnel Psychology ◽

10.1027/1866-5888/a000031 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 61-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Nicolas Becker ◽

Stefan Höft ◽

Marcus Holzenkamp ◽

Frank M. Spinath

Keyword(s):

Predictive Validity ◽

Target Group ◽

Assessment Centers ◽

Credibility Interval ◽

German Speaking ◽

English Speaking ◽

Intelligence Measures ◽

Meta Analyses

As previous meta-analyses have focused almost solely on English-speaking regions, this study presents the first systematic meta-analytical examination of the predictive validity of assessment centers (ACs) conducted in German-speaking regions. It summarizes 24 validity coefficients taken from 19 studies (N = 3,556), yielding a mean corrected validity of ρ = .396 (80% credibility interval .235 ≤ ρ ≤ .558). ACs with different purposes and different kinds of criterion measures were analyzed separately. Furthermore, target group (internal vs. external candidates), average age of the assessees, inclusion of intelligence measures, number of instruments used, AC duration, as well as time elapsed between AC and criterion assessment were found to moderate the validity.

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Viewing Time and Sexual Interest and Arousal in Bisexual Men

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e605662010-001 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Jordan Rullo ◽

Donals S. Strassberg

Keyword(s):

Sexual Interest ◽

Viewing Time ◽

Bisexual Men

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When Misconduct in Public Office is Really a Sexual Offence

The Journal of Criminal Law ◽

10.1177/0022018317712377 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 81 (4) ◽

pp. 292-302

Author(s):

Catarina Sjölin ◽

Helen Edwards

Keyword(s):

Policy Development ◽

Sexual Offending ◽

Common Law ◽

Sexual Misconduct ◽

Sexual Offence ◽

Sexual Offences ◽

Public Office ◽

Varied Range ◽

The Common ◽

Sexual Offences Act 2003

Misconduct in Public Office (MiPO) covers a wide and varied range of conduct. Beyond the defendant’s public office, there is no unifying conduct or result. A conviction for MiPO could represent putting pressure on a council official to move the route of a proposed road, or a police officer abusing his/her position for sexual gain. Sexual misconduct prosecuted as MiPO falls outside the usual regime for prosecuting and sentencing sexual offences, both obscuring the conduct by the label of MiPO and avoiding sexual offence specific consequences. To examine what kind of sexual offending MiPO has been covering, we analysed newspaper reports and appellate decisions since 2002. This enabled us to identify the conduct MiPO was being used to cover at charge, plea and conviction (or acquittal) stages. We found a significant amount of sexual misconduct being prosecuted as MiPO. We then analysed the sexual conduct to determine the “wrongs” involved, identifying particular categories. This enabled us to propose a new sexual offence (based on the Sexual Offences Act 2003 offences that are not founded on lack of consent), which marks the sexual wrong and enables a focus on the defendant’s abuse of position rather than the victim’s vulnerability. This article outlines the basis for our proposal to the Law Commission for reform of the common law offence of MiPO (as our second response to their consultations). Currently at the stage of Policy Development, the Commission aims to publish its report later this year.

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From Nowhere to “Partyslava”

East Central Europe ◽

10.1163/18763308-04202014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (2-3) ◽

pp. 299-320

Author(s):

Peter Barrer

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Slovak Republic ◽

Urban Spaces ◽

Cultural Perspective ◽

Popular Imagination ◽

East Central Europe ◽

East Central ◽

The Past ◽

German Speaking ◽

English Speaking

Over the past two decades, Prague has cemented itself as a tourist hotspot in the popular imagination. But what of Bratislava, long considered a “poor cousin” to Prague? What images of Bratislava have foreign publics been presented with since the fall of communism in East-Central Europe and the establishment of the Slovak Republic? Building on previous research which has examined visitors’ historical perceptions of Bratislava primarily from a German-speaking perspective, this paper seeks to map the development of Bratislava’s image in media texts from English-speaking countries since 1989 by focusing on two central motifs: Bratislava as a post-communist space and Bratislava as a locus of touristic pleasures (“Partyslava”). The images presented herein will be evaluated and contrasted with local descriptions of Bratislava, thus offering a cross-cultural perspective which will contribute to the wider discussion of popular perceptions of post-communist urban spaces in East-Central Europe.

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Persons found not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder (NCRMD) for sexual offences: characteristics, risk factors, and Review Board decision making

10.32920/ryerson.14665425 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Danielle M. Loney

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Decision Making ◽

Sexual Offending ◽

Criminal Code ◽

Sexual Offences ◽

Empirically Supported ◽

Search Terms ◽

Not Criminally Responsible ◽

Canadian Criminal Code ◽

Board Decision Making

This thesis examined the characteristics of persons found NCRMD for sexual offences, their offences, and the degree to which empirically supported risk factors predicted Review Board decisions. Reasons documents dated from 2006 to 2015, and examining index sexual offences were collected from LawSource ©. Search terms were derived from the Canadian Criminal Code (1985, c. C-46), and commonly accepted terminology for sexual offending. Findings suggest that persons found NCRMD for sexual offences present with general and sexual offence specific risk factors for recidivism. However, Review Board decisions were only predicted by factors related to clinical functioning and risk management factors. These findings suggest that further research is needed to examine risk assessment, decision making, and forensic mental health outcomes of persons found NCRMD for sexual offences. Implications for treatment of persons found NCRMD and knowledge dissemination to Review Boards are also discussed.

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Grammatical morphology in language–impaired children acquiring English or German as their first language: A functional perspective

Applied Psycholinguistics ◽

10.1017/s014271640000552x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 115-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Katrin Lidner ◽

Judith R. Johnston

Keyword(s):

Language Learning ◽

First Language ◽

Sentence Production ◽

Expressive Vocabulary ◽

Language Impaired ◽

Functional Perspective ◽

Grammatical Morphology ◽

German Speaking ◽

English Speaking ◽

Impaired Children

ABSTRACTFourteen matched pairs of German-speaking and English-speaking language-impaired children, aged 4;5–6;11, were tested for their knowledge of grammatical morphology and expressive vocabulary, using the Grammatical Closure subtest of the ITPA or its German adaptation, Grammatik in the PET, and the Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test or the Aktiver Wortschatztest. Children were matched pairwise on the basis of their chronological age, nonverbal IQ, and scores in a sentence imitation and a sentence production task. As predicted, the German-speaking language-impaired children earned higher scores in grammatical morphology and vocabulary than did the English-speaking children. These findings add to a growing body of literature that documents language-specific sensitivity to particular sorts of syntactic devices. They also suggest that the morphological difficulties seen in English-speaking language-impaired children stem in part from the minor functional role played by these forms during the early language learning years.

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Challenges of Effective Communication in the Criminal Justice Process: Findings from Interviews with Victims of Sexual Offences in Australia

Laws ◽

10.3390/laws9040031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Rhiannon Davies ◽

Lorana Bartels

Keyword(s):

Criminal Justice ◽

Criminal Justice System ◽

Justice System ◽

Sexual Offending ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Effective Communication ◽

Skills Training ◽

Sexual Offences ◽

Justice Process ◽

Criminal Justice Process

This article focuses on gendered experiences of the criminal justice system, specifically the experiences of adult female victims of sexual offending and the communication difficulties they experience during the criminal justice process. Drawing on the findings from qualitative interviews about sentencing with six victims and 15 justice professionals in Australia, we compare the lived experiences of the victims with the perceptions of the justice professionals who work with them, revealing a significant gap between the information justice professionals believe they are providing and the information victims recall receiving. We then analyse the international literature to distil effective communication strategies, with the goal of improving victims’ experiences of the criminal justice system as a whole. Specifically, we recommend verbal communication skills training for justice professionals who work with victims of crime and the development of visual flowcharts to help victims better understand the criminal justice process. We also recommend that Australian victims’ rights regimes be reformed to place the responsibility for providing information about the criminal process on the relevant justice agencies, rather than requiring the victim to seek this information, and suggest piloting automated notification systems to help agencies fulfil their obligations to provide victims with such information.

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