Predicting the General P-factor of Psychopathology using Lower Levels of the Personality Hierarchy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhan Hang ◽  
Lydia Gabriela Speyer ◽  
Liina Haring ◽  
Aja Louise Murray ◽  
René Mõttus
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Thought Disorders ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
P Factor

Background: Mental health disorders share a substantial amount of variance, reflecting a generalised vulnerability to any and all mental health problems. Studies on personality-psychopathology associations have previously been mainly focused at the domain-level of the personality hierarchy even though research has indicated that lower level personality traits (facets and nuances) capture valid unique variance beyond domains. The current study investigated the associations between the general ‘p-factor’ of psychopathology and multiple levels of the personality hierarchy in order to gain finer-grained insights into their relations. Methods: First, the structure of psychopathology was modelled using an exploratory bi-factor model of 23 items measuring symptoms of mental health problems using the DSM-5 Self-Rated Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure and the ASSIST questionnaire in a sample of 1,853 Estonian adults. Factor scores for the p-factor and orthogonal specific factors were estimated and elastic net regression models trained to examine the predictive ability of the different levels of the personality hierarchy for these factor scores.Results: A bi-factor model including a general factor and three specific factors representing internalising problems, thought disorders and substance use best represented the structure of psychopathology. Elastic net regression analyses indicated that personality traits related to the vulnerability, depression and immoderation facets were most strongly positively associated with the p-factor while traits related to the friendliness facet and the achievement-striving facet showed the strongest negative associations. Nuance-level analyses had the highest predictive accuracy for all psychopathology factors, particularly for thought disorders and substance use. Conclusion: Lower levels of the personality hierarchy contain additional information about psychopathology. Utilising this information opens up avenues for clinical applications that may help identify individuals most at risk for developing mental health disorders.

227. Does baseline substance use predict subsequent development of mental health disorders in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. S111-S112
Author(s):  
Neil V. Shah ◽  
Cameron R. Moattari ◽  
Harleen Kaur ◽  
Adam J. Wolfert ◽  
Sirish Khanal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Health Disorders

scholarly journals Examining the Association and Directionality between Mental Health Disorders and Substance Use among Adolescents and Young Adults in the U.S. and Canada—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarvenaz Esmaeelzadeh ◽  
John Moraros ◽  
Lilian Thorpe ◽  
Yelena Bird
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The U.S

Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults in the U.S. and Canada. Methods: The following databases were used: Medline, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis used odds ratios as the pooled measure of effect. Results: A total of 3656 studies were screened and 36 were selected. Pooled results showed a positive association between depression and use of alcohol (odds ratio (OR) = 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24–1.83), cannabis (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.10–1.51), and tobacco (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.43–1.92). Significant associations were also found between anxiety and use of alcohol (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.19–2.00), cannabis (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.02–1.81), and tobacco (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.54–3.17). A bidirectional relationship was observed with tobacco use at baseline leading to depression at follow-up (OR = 1.87, CI = 1.23–2.85) and depression at baseline leading to tobacco use at follow-up (OR = 1.22, CI = 1.09–1.37). A unidirectional relationship was also observed with cannabis use leading to depression (OR = 1.33, CI = 1.19–1.49). Conclusion: This study offers insights into the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults. Our findings can help guide key stakeholders in making recommendations for interventions, policy and programming.

Prevention of mental disorder in childhood and other public health issues

2012 ◽  
pp. 1606-1611
Author(s):  
Rhoshel Lenroot
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Neuroimaging Genetics

Enormous progress has been made in recognizing the scope of mental health problems for children around the world, and in developing the theoretical framework needed to address decreasing this burden in a systematic fashion. Technological advances in neuroimaging, genetics, and computational biology are providing the tools to start describing the biological processes underlying the complex course of development, and have renewed appreciation of the role of the environment in determining how a genetic heritage is expressed. However, rapid technological change is also altering the environment of children and their families at an unprecedented rate, and what kinds of challenges to public health these changes may present is not yet fully understood. What is becoming clear is that as technological advances increase the range of available health care treatments, along with the potential cost, the choices for societies between spending limited resources on treatment or prevention will have to become increasingly deliberate. A substantial body of work has demonstrated that prevention in mental health can be effective, but those who would benefit the most from preventive interventions are often not those with the political or economic resources to make them a priority. While the potential interventions to prevent mental health disorders in children are constrained by the knowledge and resources available, what is actually done depends upon the social and political values of individual communities and nations. It is to be hoped that as our understanding of these disorders grows, public policies to prevent the development of mental health disorders in children will become as commonplace a responsibility for modern societies as the provision of clean drinking water.

Mental health disorders and substance use among people living with HIV in Nepal: their influence on non-adherence to anti-retroviral therapy

AIDS Care ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 923-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khem Narayan Pokhrel ◽  
Kalpana Gaulee Pokhrel ◽  
Vidya Dev Sharma ◽  
Krishna Chandra Poudel ◽  
Sanjeev Raj Neupane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Living With Hiv

Risk of Future Offense Among Probationers with Co-occurring Substance Use and Mental Health Disorders

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Balyakina ◽  
Christopher Mann ◽  
Michael Ellison ◽  
Ron Sivernell ◽  
Kimberly G. Fulda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Health Disorders

scholarly journals Invited commentaries on… Abortion and mental health disorders

2008 ◽  
Vol 193 (6) ◽  
pp. 452-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Casey ◽  
Margaret Oates ◽  
Ian Jones ◽  
Roch Cantwell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Abortion Debate ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
And Training ◽  
Psychiatric Issues

SummaryThe finding that induced abortion is a risk factor for subsequent psychiatric disorder in some women raises important clinical and training issues for psychiatrists. It also highlights the necessity for developing evidence-based interventions for these women. P.C. / Evidence suggesting a modest increase in mental health problems after abortion does not support the prominence of psychiatric issues in the abortion debate, which is primarily moral and ethical not psychiatric or scientific. M.O. et al.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document