Differential Effects of Mindful Breathing and Loving Kindness Meditations: A Component Analysis Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Bolognino ◽  
Tyler L Renshaw ◽  
Mary L. Phan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Treatment Integrity ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Treatment Acceptability ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Loving Kindness ◽  
Relaxation Control

Objectives: Mindful breathing meditation (MBM) and loving-kindness meditation (LKM) are common components of effective mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs). This pilot study examined the differential effects of MBM and LKM on purported therapeutic process variables and mental health outcomes via component analysis. Methods: The research design was a randomized controlled trial with four conditions: MBM, LKM, combined (MBM+LKM), and a relaxation control. Participants were college undergraduates. Condition effects were analyzed across seven therapeutic process variables and three mental health outcomes. Treatment integrity and treatment acceptability data were also collected.Results: Findings indicated statistically significant and very large main effects of time, regardless of condition. Statistically significant time by condition interactions were only observed for one process variable and one mental health outcome. Follow-up descriptive evaluation of between-group effect sizes indicated patterns of favorable effects for MBM and LKM over the combined and relaxation control conditions. Treatment integrity and treatment acceptability data indicated very favorable social validity across conditions. Conclusion: We conclude that the findings make a modest yet value-added contribution to the MBI component analysis literature, suggesting differentiated performance among isolated MBM and LKM exercises compared to combined and control conditions. Yet further research is warranted to improve upon the limitations of this study.

Differential Effects of Mindful Breathing and Loving Kindness Meditations: A Component Analysis Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Bolognino ◽  
Tyler L Renshaw ◽  
Mary L. Phan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Treatment Integrity ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Treatment Acceptability ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Loving Kindness ◽  
Relaxation Control

Objectives: Mindful breathing meditation (MBM) and loving-kindness meditation (LKM) are common components of effective mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs). This pilot study examined the differential effects of MBM and LKM on purported therapeutic process variables and mental health outcomes via component analysis. Methods: The research design was a randomized controlled trial with four conditions: MBM, LKM, combined (MBM+LKM), and a relaxation control. Participants were college undergraduates. Condition effects were analyzed across seven therapeutic process variables and three mental health outcomes. Treatment integrity and treatment acceptability data were also collected.Results: Findings indicated statistically significant and very large main effects of time, regardless of condition. Statistically significant time by condition interactions were only observed for one process variable and one mental health outcome. Follow-up descriptive evaluation of between-group effect sizes indicated patterns of favorable effects for MBM and LKM over the combined and relaxation control conditions. Treatment integrity and treatment acceptability data indicated very favorable social validity across conditions. Conclusion: We conclude that the findings make a modest yet value-added contribution to the MBI component analysis literature, suggesting differentiated performance among isolated MBM and LKM exercises compared to combined and control conditions. Yet further research is warranted to improve upon the limitations of this study.

scholarly journals The Urban Built Environment, Walking and Mental Health Outcomes Among Older Adults: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Roe ◽  
Andrew Mondschein ◽  
Chris Neale ◽  
Laura Barnes ◽  
Medhi Boukhechba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes

scholarly journals Service-users’ experiences of interpreters in psychological therapy: a pilot study

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverley Costa ◽  
Stephen Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Triangular Relationships ◽  
Negative Impacts

Purpose – Working across languages is playing an increasingly important role in the delivery of mental health services, notably through psychotherapy and psychological therapies. Growing awareness of the complex processes that ensue in working across languages, including the presence and role of an interpreter, is generating new conceptualisations of practice, but there is a need now to evidence how these impact on service users. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This paper discusses the model for working with interpretation developed by Mothertongue multi-ethnic counselling service, which conceptualises the therapeutic process as working within triangular relationships consisting of service user, therapist and interpreter. Second, the paper discusses the qualitative, practice-near methods applied in, and findings from a pilot study to evaluate the interpreter's role. Findings – Three patterns of response to interpreters were identified: negative impacts on the therapy, the interpreter as conduit for therapy and the therapist and interpreter jointly demonstrating a shared enterprise. It is concluded that the method and findings of the pilot justify a larger study that will further evaluate the experiences of service users and continue to develop and test conceptualisations for best practice. Originality/value – Working across languages is now recognised as an increasingly important aspect of therapy in contexts where migration has created new demographics. This paper contributes to the discussion of working therapeutically with people with mental health difficulties across languages. Its originality lies, first, in the discussion of a new clinical approach to working with interpreters, and second in the methods used to access the views of service users about their experiences of interpreters.

scholarly journals Connection Failure: Systemic Disadvantages Facing the LGBTQ+ Community in Therapy and how to Address them

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Erin Roach
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Therapist Knowledge

This paper examines the experiences of members of the LGBTQ+ community in accessing mental health care in Ottawa, Canada, both positive and negative, and what might be done to improve outcomes. The paper includes a literature review of empirical studies and theoretical works about conducting therapy with LGBTQ+ clients, as well as the results of a pilot study conducted by the researcher to examine in depth the experience of a small sample of LGBTQ+ clients in Ottawa (N=4). Through semi-structured interviews, the researcher found that three out of four participants had experienced some dissatisfaction with how their identity was addressed in therapy, and as a result their overall well-being had suffered. This implies that therapists could be doing more to connect with their LGBTQ+ clients, potentially through better educating themselves on the issues affecting the community, as recommended by the participants. Increasing therapist knowledge would likely improve mental health outcomes for LGBTQ+ clients.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Effectiveness of Clinical Pharmacy Consultations on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Sleep in Improving Patient-Reported Psychiatric Outcomes for Individuals with Mental Illnesses

Pharmacy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Jennifer Bingham ◽  
David Axon ◽  
Nicole Scovis ◽  
Ann Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Clinical Pharmacist ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

One fifth of U.S. adults have a current mental illness. Nutrition, physical activity, and sleep are critical to physical health; any related deficiencies may worsen existing mental health conditions. Little is known about the impact of clinical pharmacist assessment and consultation in improving physical and mental health outcomes. The study objective was to determine whether patients’ mental health status improved following clinical pharmacist consultation. This pilot study involved clinical pharmacist-delivered services at an integrated medical behavioral health clinic in June 2018. Inclusion criteria required adults aged 18 years older, an established mental health diagnosis, and taking ≥2 prescribed psychotropic medications. One pharmacist conducted telephonic, medical, and psychiatric health risk assessment and counseling to improve nutrition, physical activity, and sleep status, both initially and at two-week follow-up. The Duke Health Profile (Duke) physical, anxiety, depression, and anxiety-depression scores measured patients’ pre/post changes. Participants (n = 20) experienced higher Duke physical scores (p = 0.007) and significantly lower anxiety (p = 0.025), depression (p = 0.001) and anxiety-depression scores (p = 0.005) at follow-up. This pilot study provides preliminary evidence for pharmacist-led, targeted, telephonic counseling in improving short-term physical and mental Duke health scores. Further research evaluating the impact of clinical pharmacists’ role in improving physical and behavioral health outcomes is warranted.

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