scholarly journals The Effects of Exposure to Information about Animal Welfare Reforms on Animal Farming Opposition: A Randomized Experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Harris ◽  
Ali Ladak ◽  
Maya B Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Randomized Experiment ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Factory Farming ◽  
Animal Farming ◽  
Welfare Reforms

There is limited research on the effects of animal welfare reforms, such as transitions from caged to cage-free eggs, on attitudes toward animal farming. This preregistered, randomized experiment (N = 1520) found that participants provided with information about current animal farming practices had somewhat higher animal farming opposition (AFO) than participants provided with information about an unrelated topic (d = 0.17). However, participants provided with information about animal welfare reforms did not report significantly different AFO from either the current-farming (d = -0.07) or control groups (d = 0.10). Although these latter effects on AFO were small and nonsignificant, they appeared to be mediated by changes in perceived social attitudes towards farmed animals and optimism about further reforms to factory farming. Exploratory analysis found no evidence that hierarchical meat eating justification or beliefs about how well-treated farmed animals currently are mediated the effect. Further research is needed to better understand why providing information about animal welfare reforms did not substantially increase AFO overall, whereas providing information about current practice did somewhat increase AFO.

Fair Conditions and Fair Consequences? Exploring New Labour, Welfare Contractualism and Social Attitudes

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sage
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
New Labour ◽  
Welfare To Work ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Welfare Reforms ◽  
By Products

This article explores the intention and effects of New Labour's ‘conditional’ welfare-to-work strategy. Conditionality has been the subject of substantive debate, with New Labour distinguishing its own contractualist welfare reforms from alternative strategies, often associated with ‘punitive’ US workfare. This article assesses whether New Labour's attempt to fashion what is described as ‘reciprocal responsibility’ in welfare arrangements avoided the commonly cited by-products of workfare. To achieve this, evidence is presented from the British Social Attitudes series, which shows a profound hardening of attitudes towards the unemployed. In light of these findings, the evidence supports arguments about the adverse effects that welfare contractualism can have for wider social relations.

scholarly journals Missing Data: Current Practice in Football Research and Recommendations for Improvement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N Borg ◽  
Robert Nguyen ◽  
Nicholas J Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Missing Data ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Imputation Methods ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Study Results

Missing data are often unavoidable. The reason values go missing, along with decisions made of how missing data are handled (deleted or imputed), can have a profound effect on the validity and accuracy of study results. In this article, we aimed to: estimate the proportion of studies in football research that included a missing data statement, highlight several practices to avoid in relation to missing data, and provide recommendations for exploring, visualising and reporting missingness. Football related articles, published in 2019 were studied. A survey of 136 articles, sampled at random, was conducted to determine whether a missing data statement was included. As expected, the proportion of studies in football research that included a missing data statement was low, at only 11.0% (95% CI: 6.3% to 17.5%); suggesting that missingness is seldom considered by researchers. We recommend that researchers describe the number and percentage of missing values, including when there are no missing values. Exploratory analysis should be conducted to explore missing values, and visualisations describing missingness overall should be provided in the paper, or at least supplementary materials. Missing values should almost always be imputed, and imputation methods should be explored to ensure they are appropriately representative. Researchers should consider these recommendations, and pay greater attention to missing data and its influence on research results.

Personality, Attitudes and Humor Preferences of Prisoners and Controls

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 847-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn D. Wilson ◽  
Alastair MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Bus Drivers ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sexual Stimuli ◽  
Criminal Propensity ◽  
Prison Environment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Propensity Scale

A sample of 100 recidivists were compared with 100 trainee bus drivers on measures of personality, social attitudes and humor preferences. Results support Eysenck's findings that criminals tend to be more psychotic, extra-verted, and neurotic than controls, and that a “criminal propensity” scale derived from these three personality characteristics can give reasonable separation of prisoners from non-prisoners. Results from the attitude and humor tests indicated that the prisoners were less favorable toward sexual stimuli than controls, a finding that is particularly interesting because it is not paralleled by the differences between those scoring low and high on “criminal propensity” within the prisoner and control groups. These findings may reflect psychological characteristics of people who are prone to criminal behavior and/or the effects of the prison environment and subculture; the present data do not allow separate consideration of these questions.

scholarly journals From Protest to ‘Holy Writ’: The Mainstreaming of Welfare Politics

2021 ◽  
pp. 205-222
Author(s):  
Claas Kirchhelle
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Farm Animal Welfare ◽  
Relative Independence ◽  
Public Recognition ◽  
Five Freedoms ◽  
Holy Writ ◽  
Welfare Politics ◽  
Welfare Reforms

AbstractThis chapter examines the evolution of British farm animal welfare politics during the last two decades of Harrison’s campaigning. In 1979, the RSPCA boycotted the Thatcher government’s new Farm Animal Welfare Council (FAWC). The short-lived protest triggered a membership revolt and moderation of RSPCA policies. It also coincided with a weakening of agricultural corporatism in Westminster. FAWC was granted relative independence from the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food and explicitly acknowledged an updated version of the five freedoms. Ensuing British welfare reforms were also driven by the increasing involvement of European bodies in animal welfare. Now in her 60s, Ruth Harrison joined FAWC as a welfare member. Her increasing public recognition as a senior welfare campaigner enabled her to proactively push for reforms, expand her fundraising activities, and sponsor additional welfare research. By the late 1990s, most of her welfare positions had become part of mainstream politics.

scholarly journals Sustainability, health and consumer insights for plant-based food innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Federico J.A. Perez-Cueto
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Food System ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Cooking Skills ◽  
Animal Farming ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers ◽  
Opinion Article

Plant-based foods are part of a needed change in the food system. This opinion article addresses sustainability, health and consumer issues to inform plant-based food innovation and research. Consumers are key players in the food system. In 2020, consumers require that cues of sustainability be clearly addressed in food innovation. Consumers are more and more conscious of the detrimental effects of animal farming on the environment as well as the ethical issues resulting from poor animal welfare. Consumers want their products to be sustainable, healthy and conscious of animal welfare. Plant-based foods deliver on all fronts. Nevertheless, consumers have to deal with facilitators and barriers towards dietary change such as cooking skills, taste preference and family support.

scholarly journals Animal Welfare and Pig Factory Farming in Ontario, Canada (1950s – Present)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Miguel Mundstock Xavier de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Animal Behaviour ◽  
Factory Farming ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Factory Farms ◽  
The 1950S

This article explores the inception and development of pig factory farming in Ontario, Canada, since the 1950s to date, focusing on animal welfare dimensions. The study showed that although the term “animal welfare” was not well-known until the 1980s, discussions on cruelty and abnormal animal behaviour begun in the early days of factory farms. The article also delves into tensions between the humane movement and the agribusiness sector in Ontario. The article further sheds light on the social context that eventually led to an alliance in support of a conservative, incomplete notion of animal welfare between these former opponents. The article posits that as opposed to supporting the abolition of factory farming, the concept of animal welfare became central to implementing limited reforms in factory farming to convince the public and to marginalize discordant voices while concurrently expanding pig and other animal production worldwide.

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