scholarly journals High emotion differentiation buffers against internalizing symptoms following exposure to stressful life events in adolescence: An intensive longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik C Nook ◽  
John Coleman Flournoy ◽  
Alexandra M Rodman ◽  
Patrick Mair ◽  
Katie A McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Emotion Differentiation ◽  
Affective Science ◽  
The Face

Exposure to stressful life events is strongly associated with internalizing psychopathology, and identifying factors that reduce vulnerability to stress-related internalizing problems is critical for development of early interventions. Drawing on research from affective science, we tested whether high emotion differentiation—the ability to specifically identify one’s feelings—buffers adolescents from developing internalizing symptoms when exposed to stress. Thirty adolescents completed a laboratory measure of emotion differentiation before an intensive year-long longitudinal study in which exposure to stress and internalizing problems were assessed at both the moment-level (n=4,921 experience sampling assessments) and monthly-level (n=355 monthly assessments). High negative and positive emotion differentiation attenuated moment-level coupling between perceived stress and feelings of depression, and high negative emotion differentiation eliminated monthly-level associations between stressful life events and anxiety symptoms. These results suggest that high emotion differentiation buffers adolescents against anxiety and depression in the face of stress, perhaps by facilitating adaptive emotion regulation.

scholarly journals High Emotion Differentiation Buffers Against Internalizing Symptoms Following Exposure to Stressful Life Events in Adolescence: An Intensive Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 216770262097978
Author(s):  
Erik C. Nook ◽  
John C. Flournoy ◽  
Alexandra M. Rodman ◽  
Patrick Mair ◽  
Katie A. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Emotion Differentiation ◽  
Affective Science ◽  
The Face

Exposure to stressful life events is strongly associated with internalizing psychopathology, and identifying factors that reduce vulnerability to stress-related internalizing problems is critical for development of early interventions. Drawing on research from affective science, we tested whether high emotion differentiation—the ability to specifically identify one’s feelings—buffers adolescents from developing internalizing symptoms when exposed to stress. Thirty adolescents completed a laboratory measure of emotion differentiation before an intensive yearlong longitudinal study in which exposure to stress and internalizing problems were assessed at both the moment level ( n = 4,921 experience-sampling assessments) and month level ( n = 355 monthly assessments). High negative and positive emotion differentiation attenuated moment-level coupling between perceived stress and feelings of depression, and high negative emotion differentiation eliminated month-level associations between stressful life events and anxiety symptoms. These results suggest that high emotion differentiation buffers adolescents against anxiety and depression in the face of stress, perhaps by facilitating adaptive emotion regulation.

A Population-Based Longitudinal Study of Recent Stressful Life Events as Risk Factors for Suicidal Behavior in Major Depressive Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunqiao Wang ◽  
Jitender Sareen ◽  
Tracie O. Afifi ◽  
Shay-Lee Bolton ◽  
Edward A. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Major Depressive

scholarly journals Recent Stressful Life Events (SLE) and Adolescent Mental Health: Initial Validation of the LEIA, a New Checklist for SLE Assessment According to Their Severity, Interpersonal, and Dependent Nature

Assessment ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1777-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Moya-Higueras ◽  
Andrea Cuevas ◽  
Laia Marques-Feixa ◽  
Laura Mezquita ◽  
María Mayoral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Percentage Agreement ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Initial Validation ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Symptoms

The main aim of the present study was to develop and validate a checklist for adolescents, the Life Events Inventory for Adolescents (LEIA), for screening stressful life events (SLEs) of different nature (major–minor, dependent–independent, and personal–interpersonal). The LEIA was administered together with another SLE checklist (Escala de Acontecimientos Vitales [Life Events Scale], EAV), and with measures of life satisfaction and externalizing and internalizing symptoms. The results showed that the kappa and the percentage agreement reliability indices were adequate. Regarding validity evidences, the correlations found between the LEIA and the EAV ranged from .65 to .69, and between the LEIA and the psychopathological symptoms ranged from .26 to .38. Specifically, major dependent noninterpersonal SLEs were the best predictors of externalizing psychopathology; while major independent noninterpersonal SLEs were the best predictors of internalizing symptoms and low life satisfaction. To conclude, the LEIA could be considered an adequate checklist to screen for SLEs in adolescents.

scholarly journals Do “Dark” Personality Features Buffer Against Adversity? The Associations Between Cumulative Life Stress, the Dark Triad, and Mental Distress

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401882238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Lyons ◽  
Kate Evans ◽  
Samuli Helle
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Online Study ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

Stressful life events have a major impact on adverse mental health outcomes, although not all individuals are equally affected. According to the buffering hypothesis, there may be personality traits that protect individuals against mental distress in the face of adversity, playing thus a moderating role between life stressors and mental distress. In the present online study ( N = 574), Dark Triad of personality (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) were investigated as moderators between cumulative stressful life events and mental distress (i.e., psychosis, anxiety, and depression). Those who experienced more stressful events during lifetime, and scored higher in Machiavellianism, had higher scores on a psychosis instrument. Narcissism buffered the impact of stressful events on psychosis and depression. The results are discussed in terms of unique profiles associated with each of the traits.

scholarly journals Stressful life events and perceived parental control in formerly homeless families: Impact on child-internalizing symptoms.

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-325
Author(s):  
Damir S. Utržan ◽  
Timothy F. Piehler ◽  
Abigail H. Gewirtz ◽  
Gerald J. August
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Homeless Families ◽  
Formerly Homeless

Stressful life events in early life and suicidal behaviour

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2162-2162
Author(s):  
P.A. Saiz
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Biological Stress ◽  
S Allele

There is robust evidence that stressful life events (SLE) are associated with an increase in risk of developing depression. However, humans display wide variation in response to adversity. Caspi et al (2003) reported that a functional length polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) in the promoter of the serotonin transporter gene moderated the influence of SLE on depressive symptoms, major depression, and suicidality, suggesting evidences of a gene-by-environment interaction.Neuroimage data from healthy, non-depressed, s allele carriers of the 5-HTTLPR show an exaggerated amygdale response to threatening visual stimuli as well as reduced gray matter volume in limbic regions critical for processing of negative emotion compared with individuals with the LL genotype. These data suggest a potent modulatory effect of the 5-HTTLPR on amygdala reactivity to environmental threat.In recent years, a growing number of molecular genetic studies have focused on the serotonin system, suggesting that this system may be involved in the pathogenesis of suicidal behaviour. Meta-analytic evidences support a link between the s allele of the 5-HTTLPR and the risk of suicidal behaviour. However, several case-control association studies show an association between the short allele and the violence, the number, and the medical lethality of the attempts.On the other hand, recent data suggest that biological stress reactivity, mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, might be a plausible mechanism underlying the association between the 5-HTTLPR genotype and exposure to life stress in predicting psychopathology.In this presentation we discuss data regarding the complex relationship between the above mentioned systems, stress, and suicidal behaviour.

scholarly journals Meaning Violations, Religious/Spiritual Struggles, and Meaning in Life in the Face of Stressful Life Events

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Judith E. Appel ◽  
Crystal L. Park ◽  
Jennifer H. Wortmann ◽  
Hein T. van Schie
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
The Face ◽  
Spiritual Struggles
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