scholarly journals DUALISMO ECONOMICO E MOBILITÀ SOCIALE IN ITALIA. UN CONFRONTO TRA CENTRO-SETTENTRIONALI, MERIDIONALI E IMMIGRATI INTERNI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazareno Panichella
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Geographical Mobility ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
Petty Bourgeoisie ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Urban Working

This paper studies the association between south-to-north internal geographical mobility and social mobility in Italy. Two issued are analysed: the association between migration and social mobility pathways, comparing the movers with the stayers, i.e. those who did not experienced any episode of geographical mobility; b) whether the effect of south-to-north mobility changes according to gender and education. Analyses are based on the Longitudinal Survey on Italian Households (ILHS) and use Mobility tables and Linear Regression Panel Models with random effects. Results shown that the social mobility of internal migrants are characterized by three main pathways: a) to the urban working class, which concerned the southerners originally from the lower classes, especially the children of peasants and laborers; b) to the white collars, which instead mainly concerned the bourgeois and the white-collar middle class; c) mixed pathways, which involved people from the petty bourgeoisie and the urban working class. Results also shown a gender divide, where a positive effect of geographical mobility is found for men and a negative one for women. Finally, the negative effect among women is confirmed only when they are lower educated.

THE AFFECTIVE ELICITING AND REDUCING PROPERTIES OF ATTRACTION STIMULI

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lamberth ◽  
Charles Gouaux ◽  
Wayne Padd
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Powerful Stimulus ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
The Stranger ◽  
Affect Adjective ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Reducing Properties

Three different experiments investigated the affect eliciting and reducing properties of attraction stimuli. In Experiment 1 it was found that dissimilar attitudes elicit negative effect (as measured by the Semantic Differential), while the evaluation of the stranger holding those attitudes reduced affect. Similar attitudes did not elicit positive affect. Further, affect was not reliably altered by similar or dissimilar attitudes when the affect was measured by the Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist or the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale. In Experiment 2 it was tentatively concluded that the simultaneous use of more than one measure of affect can influence scores of all affective measures used. The inconsistency in results in Experiment 1 was attributed to the use of multiple affect measures in certain groups. In Experiment 3 the results of Experiment 1 were replicated while introducing a more powerful stimulus in an attempt to elicit positive effect. As in Experiment 1, negative stimuli elicited negative affect and, as predicted, positive evaluations elicited positive affect. Evaluation of the person who had delivered the affect eliciting personal evaluations effectively reduced that affect.

Unravelling the function of dolphin leaps using the dusky dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) as a model species

Behaviour ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 154 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi C. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Social Facilitation ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Lagenorhynchus Obscurus ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Dusky Dolphins ◽  
Dusky Dolphin ◽  
Positive Effect

The prevalence of leaping across delphinids indicates it has an adaptive benefit. I examined leaping behaviour in dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) according to signalling, social facilitation, and prey capture hypotheses. I quantified the effect of leaping on group behaviour and fission-fusion and the behavioural context of leaping. I observed dolphins in Admiralty Bay, New Zealand during 171 focal follows totalling 157 h. Data were analysed using generalized estimating equations. Clean leaping had a positive effect on party fission () and foraging behaviour (). Coordinated leaping caused a short-term wane in foraging behaviour () and had a positive effect on party fusion (). Noisy leaping had a negative effect on perpetuating resting and traveling cessation (both ). The signalling hypothesis was the most strongly supported. The social facilitation and prey capture hypotheses were moderately supported. Leaping may provide adaptive benefits such as reduced scramble competition, increased foraging efficiency, and social bonding.

scholarly journals Analisis faktor – faktor yanng mempengaruhi minat kunjungan ulang wisatawan ke Kebun Binatang Taman Rimba Provinsi Jambi

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Mesi Fitriani ◽  
Syaparuddin Syaparuddin ◽  
Jaya Kusuma Edy
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Return Visits ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study was conducted to determine (1) the development of tourists to the Taman Rimba zoo in Jambi Province (2) to analyze the factors that influence tourist attraction, facilities, accessibility, and service quality on the interest in visiting tourists' return visits. Methods of data collection through observation and distribution of questionnaires to respondents. The data source used is primary data obtained directly from the distribution of questionnaires as many as 157 with 5 question items each. The software used in this research examiner is Statistical Package for The Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of the analysis of this study indicate that simultaneously or together the attractiveness and facilities have a significant or positive effect on the interest in visiting tourists' return visits. Meanwhile, accessibility and service quality has a negative effect on the interest in returning tourists. Partially the average attractiveness, facilities, accessibility, and service quality have a positive or significant effect on the interest in revisiting tourists. Keywords: Tourist attraction, Facilities, Accessibility, Service quality, Interest of return tourists.

‘Social Change, Friendship and Civic Participation’

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaojun Li ◽  
Mike Savage ◽  
Andrew Pickles
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
British Household Panel Survey ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Social

This paper studies the changing distribution of social capital and its impact on class formation in England and Wales from a ‘class structural’ perspective. It compares data from the Social Mobility Inquiry (1972) and the British Household Panel Survey (1992 and 1998) to show a distinct change in the class profiling of membership in civic organisations, with traditionally working-class dominated associations losing their working-class character, and middle-class dominated associations becoming even more middle-class dominated. Similar changes are evident for class-differentiated patterns of friendship. Our study indicates the class polarization of social capital in England and Wales.

Negotiating Mobility: Royal Dockyard Workers as Railway Excursion Agents and Social Entrepreneurs, 1880–1918

2021 ◽  
pp. 002252662110434
Author(s):  
Melanie Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Entrepreneur ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Experiences ◽  
Working People

From their creation in the mid-nineteenth century in Britain railway excursions provided working people with the means to expand their horizons and create new opportunities for identity- and money-making. This article explores the role of the social entrepreneur and their affect on social mobility. It also re-evaluates working-class leisure in the south of England and challenges the notion that the working-classes were not proactive in establishing their own unique commercial leisure cultures. Using a case study of two dockyard excursion enterprises, which were operated as sideline ventures by skilled artisans of the Royal Dockyard in Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK, the article will demonstrate how local working-class access to travel and cultural experiences were broadened and transformed through their initiatives and analyse the role and influence of these men on their co-workers and in wider society.

scholarly journals Differential Acculturation: A Study of Well-Being Differences in Intergenerational Social Mobility between Rural and Urban China

Sociology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-743
Author(s):  
Yizhang Zhao ◽  
Yaojun Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Downward Mobility ◽  
Rural Sector ◽  
Hukou System ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

This article examines the effects of China’s household registration ( hukou) system, which divides the population into rural and urban sectors with differential benefits and entitlements, on the link between intergenerational social mobility and people’s well-being. Using China General Social Surveys of 2005 and 2011, we find that upward mobility has a similarly positive effect in the urban and the rural sectors but downward mobility has a markedly negative effect chiefly in the rural sector. We propose a thesis of ‘asymmetrical permeability’ to account for the findings. In the context of rapid economic development and staggering institutional reform, the upwardly mobile in both sectors enjoy ample socio-economic resources as provided by the advantaged destination classes whereas the downwardly mobile depend very much on the hukou status they have. In the urban but not rural sector, families in advantaged positions are able to protect the downwardly mobile offspring in their well-being. It is therefore the differences in the hukou system that explain the differential acculturation.

Mass Movements and the Petty Bourgeoisie: the Social Origins of ICU Leadership, 1924–1929

1984 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Mass Movements ◽  
Social Origins ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Petty Bourgeoisie ◽  
The Social

Radical historians criticizing leaders of the Industrial and Commercial Workers' Union have focused on their petty bourgeois origins. This article argues that although most organizers of the later 1920s did not derive from the working class, neither were they able to base themselves securely within the petty bourgeoisie. Instead, like lower-middle-class Africans in general, they were being forced ever further from the white bourgeoisie and ever closer to the black masses. This was apparent in all spheres of life – economic, political, cultural, social and ideological – and was also increasingly evident in protest. As racially oppressed men and women subject to proletarianization and engaged in struggle, ICU leaders do not fit neatly into schemas which stress the bourgeois nature of the petty bourgeoisie.

scholarly journals The Influence of Competence, Organizational Culture, Spiritual Leadership on Organizational Behavior and Its Impact on Lecturer Performance at Higher Education in Baubau City

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-72
Author(s):  
Hardin H ◽  
Azelia Monica Azizu ◽  
Wa Ode Dian Purnama Sari
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Spiritual Leadership ◽  
Academic Culture ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Lecturer performance is closely related to various factors such as inadequate competence of lecturers, weak organizational culture, low spiritual leadership and organizational behavior that is not suitable for improving lecturer performance. The objectives of this study are: (1) Testing and analyzing the positive and significant influence between lecturer competence, academic culture, spiritual leadership and organizational behavior simultaneously on lecturer performance; (2) Testing and analyzing the positive and significant influence between lecturer competence on lecturer performance; (3) Testing and analyzing the positive and significant influence between academic culture on lecturer performance; (4) Testing and analyzing the positive and significant influence between spiritual leadership on lecturer performance; (5) Testing and analyzing the positive and significant influence between organizational behavior on lecturer performance. The research method is a combination of sequential explanatory models or designs. The research sample was 140 lecturers. The data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression statistical analysis using the Social Sciences Program Statistics version 20. The results of this study were: (1) The simultaneous regression hypothesis was the Fcount of 254 and the Sig. shows that the probability value of 0.000 is smaller than 0.05, this means that the independent variables, namely lecturer competence, academic culture, spiritual leadership and organizational behavior simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on lecturer performance; (2) The value of tcount 2.271 > ttable  1.978  and the value of Sig. variable X2 0.025 < 0.05, it can be concluded that the variable competence of lecturers has a significant positive effect on lecturer performance; (3) The value of tcount -1.023 < ttable 1.978, and the value of Sig. variable X3  0.308 > 0.05, it can be concluded that the academic culture variable has an insignificant negative effect on lecturer performance; (4) The value of tcount -1.115 < ttable 1.978 and the value of Sig. variable X4  0.267 >  0.05, it can be concluded that the spiritual leadership variable has an insignificant negative effect on lecturer performance; (5) The value of tcount 16.896 > ttable 1.978 and the value of Sig. variable X5  0.00 < 0.05, it can be concluded that the variable organizational behavior has a significant positive effect on lecturer performance.

scholarly journals THE ETHICAL CULTURE WITHIN THE ORGANIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 292-309
Author(s):  
Saud AL-Otaibi
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Ethical Reasoning ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Influential Variable ◽  
Applied Education ◽  
Positive Effect

Numerous customers and business owners trust that organizations ought to make a benefit as well as consider the social ramifications of their exercises. It is characterized that social duty as a business' commitment to amplify its positive effect and limit its negative effect on society. The current research study seeks to examine the influence of ethics and ethics in business on the organizational performance through the dimensions of the ethical reasoning process. The research employed the quantitative approach in which a self-structured questionnaire was the main tool of the data gathering. The sample of the study consisted of (262) leaders, managers, supervisors and employees from the Public Authority for Applied Education and Training in Kuwait. The results of the study indicated that relativism – as a variable of the ethical code – appeared to be the most influential variable of the ethical approach given that a person will consider what is ethical and what is not according to their own culture and stream of thinking. The study recommends that organization must realize the idea of ethics among its employees through the internal members including managers and supervisors.

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