Human Threat On Phenological Cycle Of Selected Dry Deciduous Tree Species In North Gujarat Region (Ngr), Gujarat, India

Phenological observations were taken for 13 woody species for two years (Jan 2006 - Dec 2007) in dry deciduous forest of North Gujarat. The phenological behavior of most of the woody species was almost similar in two different years. Leaf initiation started in the month of March with peak April – May before pre-monsoon showers and leaf - fall began in October with a peak in November and December. Flowering in most of the woody species was observed in the month of February continued till May, fruit appearance for these species from March, with a peak of August. In July and August 69% of woody species appeared in fruit ripening stage. While monsoon begins same duration, that allow to the optimal germination of tree species. An observing human impact on selected species facing seasonal threats, more number of species faced cutting during leaf fall period or before on setting of flowers. International Journal of Environment, Volume-2, Issue-1, Sep-Nov 2013, Pages 60-69 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9208

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Diversity of leaf phenology in a tropical deciduous forest in India

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467404002032 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 47-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

C. P. Kushwaha ◽

K. P. Singh

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Deciduous Forest ◽

Plant Functional Types ◽

Deciduous Tree ◽

Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽

Leaf Fall ◽

Evergreen Species ◽

Functional Types ◽

Leaf Flush ◽

Strategy Index

Patterns of leaf phenological diversity were documented in nine key tree species of a tropical deciduous forest in the Vindhyan region of India. Monthly leaf counts on 160 tagged twigs on ten individuals of each species were made through two annual cycles. Tree species exhibited a gradient of deciduousness (∼leafless duration), ranging from semi-evergreen species (entire population never becoming leafless) to 7-mo-deciduous species. The semi-evergreen species initiated leaf flush (bud break of vegetative bud) earlier around the spring equinox. In all deciduous tree species synchronous leaf-flush initiation, with low inter-annual variability, occurred during the hot dry summer (May–June, day temperature >40 °C), prior to the onset of the rainy season. Based on the quantification of leafless period, leaf-flush duration, and leaf strategy index (leaf-flush rate/leaf-fall rate, proposed in this study) in different species, four plant functional types were recognized: (a) semi-evergreen, spring flushing, showing leaf exchange, with mean leafless period 8 d, leaf-flush duration 6–7 mo and leaf strategy index <0.5 (Shorea robusta); (b) <2-mo-deciduous, summer flushing, leafless period 3–8 wk, leaf-flush duration 5–6 mo, and leaf strategy index >0.5−<0.7 (Anogeissus latifolia, Diospyros melanoxylon and Hardwickia binata); (c) 2–4-mo-deciduous, summer flushing, leafless period 2–3 mo, leaf-flush duration 4–5 mo, and leaf strategy index >0.8−<1.0 (Acacia catechu, Lagerstroemia parviflora and Terminalia tomentosa); and (d) >4-mo-deciduous, summer flushing, leafless period >4–7 mo, leaf-flush duration 3–4 mo, and leaf strategy index 1.0 (Boswellia serrata and Lannea coromandelica). Conspecific trees showed asynchrony with respect to leaf-flush completion, initiation and completion of leaf-fall, and extent of leafless period. Leaf strategy index (indicating rate of resource use and conservation) was strongly related with the leafless period in different species (r=0.82) and can serve as a useful index in leaf phenological studies and classification of plant functional types.

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Wood Specific Gravity in Species from Two Tropical Forests in Mexico

IAWA Journal ◽

10.1163/22941932-90001041 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 143-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Josefina Barajas-Morales

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Tropical Forests ◽

Tropical Rainforest ◽

Deciduous Forest ◽

Woody Species ◽

T Test ◽

Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽

Wood Specific Gravity ◽

Dry Deciduous Forest

The specific gravity of 220 woody species, half of them from a tropical rainforest, half from a tropical deciduous forest was measured. The two groups were compared using a Student t-test. The results show highly significant differences in specific gravity between the species from the two areas: woods from the dry deciduous forest tend to be much heavier than those from the rainforest.

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Tree diversity and natural regeneration in Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest of Panna Tiger Reserve, India

10.21203/rs.3.rs-629351/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Talat Parveen ◽

Orus Ilyas

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Tree Species ◽

Deciduous Forest ◽

Basal Area ◽

Stand Density ◽

Tectona Grandis ◽

Aegle Marmelos ◽

Tree Stand ◽

Tiger Reserve ◽

Dry Deciduous Forest

Abstract The disturbance is a major factor driving the decline of tropical forests and their associated fauna. Henceforth, basic information on species diversity would be useful for assessing the success of management in the fragmented and human-disturbed landscape. We accounted for tree species diversity and their regeneration pattern from the tropical dry deciduous forest of Panna Tiger Reserve (PTR), India. Considering this, random vegetation sampling along with transects was carried out in different ranges of PTR. It is spread over in an area of 2998.98 km2 that situated in the northern part of Madhya Pradesh and distributed in Panna and Chhatarpur district. The tropical dry deciduous forest inventory in the 10.6132-ha area yielded a total of 46 woody species of > 10 cm GBH, belonged to 23 Families and 40 genera. The regeneration represented 27 species of < 30 cm height (seedling) under 16 families and 24 genera while sapling, which ranges from > 30cm to 1.3m, showed 24 species of 13 families and 32 genera. The Shannon diversity of Trees, seedlings, and saplings was 2.684, 2.525, and 2.401 respectively. A total stand density and basal area of 2391 stems of trees were estimated as 225.285 stand ha− 1 and 90.016 m2ha− 1 respectively. Tectona grandis scored the highest IVI value of 59.44 (19.81% of total IVI for all species) among the dominated tree species, followed by Acacia catechu (24.94), Abrus precatorius (23.25), Zizyphus xylopyra (22.94), Anogeissus latifolia (22.16) and Lagerstroemia parviflora (22.18). Nearly 23.913% of the total number of species was recorded as rare species. The highest seedling density was obtained for Diospyros melanoxylon followed by Zizyphus xylopyra, Aegle marmelos, Wrightia tintoria, and Tectona grandis, which declined in the subsequent sapling stage and showed a reverse pattern. Hence, the highest sapling density was recorded for Tectona grandis then Aegle marmelos, Wrightia tintoria, Diospyros melanoxylon, and Zizyphus xylopyra. A total of 36.956% of tree species were found to fail to establish in the community because species were represented by only adult or tree stage that listed as Not-regenerating. In terms of the most diverse family among the plant categories; viz. Tree, Seedling, Sapling, Fabaceae had the highest species richness. The highest tree stand density (127.576 stand ha− 1) was recorded in the girth class of 31-60cm (48.687% of the total tree stand density) followed by 10-30cm and 61-90cm. Likewise, a total basal area of 20.824 m2ha− 1 was occupied by 31-60cm that contributed 23.051% of the total basal area, so our data on the population structure of forest shows a similar trend wherein the distribution curve exponentially decreases with increasing girth classes that indicates not only a mid-successional forest but also a human-disturbed.

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La phénologie des arbres caducifoliés en forêt guyanaise (5° de latitude nord) : illustration d'un déterminisme à composantes endogène et exogène

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b94-226 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (12) ◽

pp. 1843-1857 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Denis Loubry

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Tree Species ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Rain Forest ◽

French Guiana ◽

Dry Season ◽

Deciduous Tree ◽

Leaf Fall

The French Guianan forest is an evergreen rain forest that contains approximately 100 deciduous tree species. The taxonomical distribution of the deciduous character is widely spread, and its presence or absence among some taxa, as well as its ancient origin, are arguments in favour of an endogenous origin. Leaf-fall periodicity was studied on a sample of 500 trees during a 2-year period. Periodicity is annual and seasonal. It is not correlated to rainfall and not linked to the occurrence of a dry season. It seems closely correlated to photoperiodical variations, even though those variations are weak (35 min at latitude 5°30′N). However, each tree has its own periodicity for leaves shedding. Therefore, there is a paradox between seasonality and individual periodicity of leaf fall. The existence of this paradox leads us to consider the hypothesis of an integration of endogenous and exogenous components in the determination of leaf-fall periodicity. Key words: deciduousness, French Guiana, phenology, photoperiodism, tree, tropical rain forest.

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Assessment of Above- and Below-Ground Carbon Pools in a Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest Ecosystem of Bhopal, India

Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies ◽

10.1142/s2345748120500219 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2050021

Author(s):

Subhajit KARMAKAR ◽

Bhabani Sankar PRADHAN ◽

Ankit BHARDWAJ ◽

B. K. PAVAN ◽

Rishabh CHATURVEDI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Deciduous Forest ◽

Natural Forest ◽

Capital City ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Standing Biomass ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Exotic Tree ◽

Dry Deciduous Forest ◽

Below Ground

This study estimated 18.35 Mg C/ha in standing biomass of natural forest and 15 Mg C/ha in Hardwickia binata Roxb. plantation in a tropical dry deciduous forest located in the capital city of Madhya Pradesh. The study area of Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM), Bhopal, resembled a degraded dry scrubland in 1988 and for over about three decades, the degraded forest recovered remarkably, and ecological processes evolved favorably with canopy cover reaching over 60% in some patches and about 50% in general at most part of the campus. The study was conducted in 18 randomly laid plots in natural forest and over one-acre (0.405-ha) plantation area of Hardwickia binata for assessing the above-ground biomass, below-ground biomass and subsequent carbon content. The lower-diameter classes accounted for the maximum above-ground biomass, basal area and tree density. The forest is predominantly occupied by Leucaena leucocephala, an exotic tree species which showed higher standing biomass carbon storage of 3.79 Mg C/ha followed by Holoptelea integrifolia (2.11 Mg C/ha), Azadirachta indica (1.29 Mg C/ha), Gardenia latifolia (1.26 Mg C/ha) and Lannea coromandelica (1.24 Mg C/ha) besides Hardwickia binata plantation (15 Mg C/ha). It is recommended to plant and promote local native tree species in the urban forests of tropical dry deciduous nature as a means to mitigate climate change effects.

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Post-fire regeneration dynamics of tree species in a tropical dry deciduous forest, Western Ghats, India

Forest Ecology and Management ◽

10.1016/j.foreco.2015.01.005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 341 ◽

pp. 75-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Satyam Verma ◽

S. Jayakumar

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Western Ghats ◽

Deciduous Forest ◽

Regeneration Dynamics ◽

Dry Deciduous Forest

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Diversity of phenological patterns of Handroanthus ochraceus (Bignoniaceae) in Costa Rica

Revista de Biología Tropical ◽

10.15517/rbt.v67i2supl.37220 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 67 (2SUPL) ◽

pp. S149-S158

Author(s):

Jorge-Arturo Lobo-Segura

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Plant Communities ◽

Tree Species ◽

Costa Rican ◽

Dry Forest ◽

Deciduous Tree ◽

Leaf Fall ◽

Leaf Production ◽

Water Courses ◽

Neotropical Dry Forests

The study of phenological patterns in plant communities is of vital importance for understanding the temporal cycles of ecosystems, but there is little information on the diversity of phenological patterns that can occur at the intraspecific level, as well as the genetic or environmental factors causing this variation. In Handroanthus ochraceus, a deciduous tree species of neotropical dry forests, ecophysiological studies have proposed the release of water stress as the mechanism that triggers flowering and the sprouting of new leaves. During four years, I observed the cycles of leaf fall, flowering, fruiting, and new leaf production in seven Costa Rican sites that differed in their proximity to water courses and in soil moisture. Six were located in dry forest areas, and one in premontane forest. There were two general phenological patterns: the explosive, where trees depend on the first rains for floral anthesis and the expansion of leaf meristems, and the staggered pattern, with unsynchronized flowering at the beginning and middle of the dry season, independently of rainfall. Although this phenological variation has been previously recognized, the occurrence of these two patterns is not determined by the proximity of water courses, contradicting phenological models proposed for this tree species.

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Phytosociological observations on tree species diversity of an urban tropical dry deciduous forest of central India

Advances in Forestry Science ◽

10.34062/afs.v7i3.10252 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 1029-1138

Author(s):

Dharmendra Dugaya ◽

PV Kiran ◽

Rajnish Kumar Singh ◽

Manmeet Kaur ◽

Pradeep Chaudhry

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Deciduous Forest ◽

Forest Type ◽

Basal Area ◽

Central India ◽

Capital City ◽

Stem Density ◽

Importance Value Index ◽

Tree Community ◽

Dry Deciduous Forest

We analyzed phytosociological characteristics of a tropical dry deciduous forest located in an urban environment of Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM) Campus in the capital city of Bhopal of Madhya Pradesh state, Central India. A Comparison has been made among the tree community characteristics during the years 1988, 2002 and 2020 in terms of tree species composition, stem density, basal area and Importance Value Index (IVI). At the time of establishment of the institute in 1988, the forest area resembleda degraded dry scrubland. Due to continuous care/protection, plantation activities, degraded forest recovered remarkably, ecological processes evolved favorably with canopy cover reaching over 60% in some patches and about 50% in general over most part of the campus. During last two decades, tree density increased from 319 to 525 stem ha-1 indicating an increase of 64% whereas basal area increased from 18470.79 cm2 ha-1 to 29782.31 cm2 ha-1,an increase of about 61%. Leguminaceae family represented 26.4% of the tree community followed by Combretaceae (11.76%). Shannon-Weiner index (1.31), Simpson index (0.93) and evenness index (0.85) are within the reported ranges for similar forest type of dry deciduous nature in India. Theresults of the presentstudy will help forest managers in conservation planning of urban tropical forest ecosystem of central India.

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