scholarly journals The Green Hazards: A Meta-Analysis of Green Tobacco Sickness

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonika Achalli ◽  
Shishir Ram Shetty ◽  
Subhas G Babu
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
South American ◽  
Awareness Campaign ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Tobacco Workers

Green Tobacco Sickness (GTS) has been one of the unexplored areas of occupational health safety. The condition mainly affects the tobacco harvesters. The condition is prevalent in Asian and South American tobacco harvesters. Although transient, the condition can affect multiple organ systems. The objective of this review is to extensively discuss the background, epidemiology, clinical features and measures to counter the problem.A literature search of Medline with terms such as “green”, “tobacco” and “sickness” was done covering years 1970-2007. All studies, reviews and commentaries on health effects of farming green tobacco and preventing the disease were included.Green Tobacco Sickness is caused by the absorption of nicotine through the skin from wet tobacco plants who have direct contact with tobacco plants during cultivation and harvesting. The early symptoms often include headache and nausea followed by vomiting, weakness, pallor, dizziness, headaches, increased perspiration, chills, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and increased salivation which may also progress to extreme conditions like prostration, shortness of breath, and occasional fluctuations in blood pressure or heart rate. The duration of the illness is usually between one and three days. The use of protective, water-resistant clothing, chemical-resistant gloves, plastic aprons and rainsuits with boots and socks has reduced the chances of contracting GTS.It is important to educate the tobacco workers and the employers about GTS in order to reduce its incidence. An international level awareness campaign has to be taken up and more stringent workers safety regulations have to be formulated.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v2i1.4963 International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, Vol. 2 No. 1 (2012) 11-14

scholarly journals Implementación de las normas ATEX en el contexto de la actividad minera en Colombia

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (45) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Mishell Jaramillo-Urrego ◽  
Jorge Martín Molina-Escobar ◽  
Javier García-Torrent ◽  
Ljiljana Medic-Pejic
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Safety Code ◽  
Technical Content ◽  
International Mine ◽  
Mining Safety ◽  
Mandatory Adoption

Mining in Colombia is regulated by the Mining Safety Code and although it had not been updated since 1987, the references of safety that has owned were based on international standards. However, these do not have a mandatory adoption and Decree 1886/15, despite its strong component in occupational safety and health, continues to show a rough technical content that could consent the extension of mining disasters associated with explosions in Colombia. The article specifies the international mine safety regulations and shows a critical analysis before the absence of its applicability in the country. Although the national outlook is discouraging because of the lack of rigor from governmental entities in enforcement, mining in other countries has reported improvements in safety by implementing standards that ensure quality operations and procedures, machinery and human resources, decreasing mining disasters.

scholarly journals Characterizing Long COVID: Deep Phenotype of a Complex Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel R Deer ◽  
Madeline A Rock ◽  
Nicole Vasilevsky ◽  
Leigh C Carmody ◽  
Halie M Rando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Human Phenotype ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Importance: Since late 2019, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has given rise to a global pandemic and introduced many health challenges with economic, social, and political consequences. In addition to a complex acute presentation that can affect multiple organ systems, there is mounting evidence of various persistent long-term sequelae. The worldwide scientific community is characterizing a diverse range of seemingly common long-term outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, but the underlying assumptions in these studies vary widely making comparisons difficult. Numerous publications describe the clinical manifestations of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC or long COVID), but they are difficult to integrate because of heterogeneous methods and the lack of a standard for denoting the many phenotypic manifestations of long COVID. Observations: We identified 303 articles published before April 29, 2021, curated 59 relevant manuscripts that described clinical manifestations in 81 cohorts of individuals three weeks or more following acute COVID-19, and mapped 287 unique clinical findings to Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms. Conclusions and Relevance: Patients and clinicians often use different terms to describe the same symptom or condition. Addressing the heterogeneous and inconsistent language used to describe the clinical manifestations of long COVID combined with the lack of standardized terminologies for long COVID will provide a necessary foundation for comparison and meta-analysis of different studies. Translating long COVID manifestations into computable HPO terms will improve the analysis, data capture, and classification of long COVID patients. If researchers, clinicians, and patients share a common language, then studies can be compared or pooled more effectively. Furthermore, mapping lay terminology to HPO for long COVID manifestations will help patients assist clinicians and researchers in creating phenotypic characterizations that are computationally accessible, which may improve the stratification and thereby diagnosis and treatment of long COVID.

scholarly journals 2010 Regulatory Update for Anhydrous Ammonia Refrigeration Processes

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Mead Ira
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Employee Training ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Anhydrous Ammonia ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Tier Ii ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The Many

Refrigeration processes that contain more than 10,000 lb of anhydrous ammonia refrigerant are subject to a number of environmental and safety regulations, including the following: ▪ Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA’s) Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals (the PSM Standard), 29 CFR 1910.119 ▪ Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Risk Management Plan (RMP) Rule, 40 CFR, Part 68 ▪ EPA’s Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA), 40 CFR parts 350 to 372, ▪ Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS’s) Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standard, 6 CFR Part 27. These regulations require periodic reporting and other actions, such as employee training and the implementation of hazard prevention programs and emergency response plans. This paper provides a brief summary of the listed rules, as they apply to ammonia refrigeration processes, and describes the following regulatory changes and trends: ▪ OSHA 2009 PSM Covered Chemical Facilities National Emphasis Program, which will include a focus on ammonia refrigeration facilities ▪ EPA’s recently implemented RMP e*Submit procedure ▪ Recent changes to the Tier II reporting for Florida facilities ▪ Rulemaking related to the DHS chemical facility antiterrorism standard. This paper should be helpful to ammonia refrigeration facility owners and operators who are struggling to stay in compliance with the many regulations applicable to their process. Additionally, the references and website links listed on the bibliography of this paper will serve as resources to further assist such owners and operators in the future, as regulations continue to change. All website addresses were checked on February 16, 2010. Paper published with permission.

Organ system effects and reinfection of COVID-19: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-6
Author(s):  
Inderbir Padda ◽  
Nimrat Khehra ◽  
Urooj Jaferi ◽  
Dina Mosabbeh ◽  
Harshan Atwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Fulminant Myocarditis ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its effects on the organ systems have been summarized in recent literature with predominant pulmonary characteristics as a hallmark of the COVID-19 virus. Considering its accelerated appearance from Wuhan, China, in December 2019, extrapulmonary effects have been reported globally of SARS-CoV-2 involving the central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal, and hematologic systems; thus, the potential mechanisms, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, management, outcome, and case reports per organ system are summarized in depth. The authors interpreted articles composed of case reports, case-series, meta-analysis, cohort studies, retrospective studies, and narrative reviews focusing on COVID-19 confirmed cases and their effects on the organ systems. Prevalent clinical organ system complexities include pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary embolism, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, myocarditis progressing to fulminant myocarditis, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, liver dysfunction, encephalopathy, encephalitis, meningitis, intracerebral hemorrhage, acute kidney injury, and hypercoagulability causing stroke and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). This comprehensive literature review article will help clinicians and researchers gain insight about SARS-CoV-2 and its diverse effects on multiple organ systems involved, therefore help implement prospective management and preventative measures.

Occupational Safety and Health Risk Assessment in Engineered Nanoparticles Manufacturing Processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
George Bălan ◽  
Roland Iosif Moraru ◽  
Lorena Bălan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Safety And Health

The engineered nanoparticles are more and more entering in Romanian working places, both in research laboratories and in manufacturing processes. Ever increasingly numerous evidence shows that this materials science revolution can generate significant health, safety and environmental hazards, in addition to the social, economic and ethical challenges involvedBased on the precautionary principle recommended be the European Union and a thorough literature review, this research is intended to introduce a framework for further development of an Occupational Health and Safety risk management foundation in this field of concern. Starting from a systematic approach in terms of occupational exposure, the paper emphasizes certain feasible means aimed at nanoparticle’s risk assessment, particularly in a qualitative manner. Recommendations are provided for the industry in order to meet the safety regulations, which in turn should be adapted to the findings of researches, considering that we are facing emerging risks whose nature is often unknown.

scholarly journals The Effect of Workplace Inspections on Worker Safety

ILR Review ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Li ◽  
Perry Singleton
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Fuzzy Regression ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Specific Targeting ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Baseline Case ◽  
The Us ◽  
Case Rate

The US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) enforces safety regulations through workplace inspections. The authors estimate the effect of inspections on worker safety by exploiting a feature of OSHA’s Site-Specific Targeting plan. The program targeted establishments for inspection if their baseline case rate exceeded a cutoff. This approach generated a discontinuous increase in inspections, which the authors exploit for identification. Using the fuzzy regression discontinuity model, they find that inspections decrease the rate of cases that involve days away from work, job restrictions, and job transfers in the calendar year immediately after the inspection cycle. They find no effect for other case rates or in subsequent years. Effects are most evident in manufacturing and less evident in health services, the largest two-digit industries represented in the data.

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