scholarly journals Koshi Tappu Ramsar Site: Updates on Ramsar Information Sheet on Wetlands

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhamak B Karki
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Ramsar Site ◽  
Oxbow Lakes ◽  
Information Sheet ◽  
Ramsar Convention ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
Gavialis Gangeticus ◽  
Wildlife Reserve

Major changes to the ecological character of the Ramsar site, including in the application of the Criteria, since the previous Ramsar Information Sheet (RIS) for the site are the degradation of forest quality due to the invasion of the exotic species especially Mikania micrantha since last few years, replacement of old grassland habitat by new ones due to the meandering of the Koshi River and alteration of plant species composition due to the vegetation changes. For example, few plant species have appeared in the Sisso- Acacia forest habitat. Decline in water birds population due to poisoning, siltation in the rivers/surrounding wetlands and over fishing has been noticed. Moreover eutrophication is prevalent in most stagnant waters especially oxbow lakes and seepage ponds. Over-exploitation in the natural resources has led to the degradation of the habitat quality and loss, hence the change in population of Wild Water Buffalo (Bubalus arnee), deer species (Axis spp.), Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) and Gangetic Dolphin (Platanista gangetica). The current flood of Koshi River after the breakage of the eastern embankment is uncertain to predict the future of the lower part of the Koshi Tappu Ramsar site. Key Words: Ramsar information sheet (RIS), Alien spps, Koshi tappu wildlife reserve (KTWR), Ramsar convention. DOI: 10.3126/init.v2i1.2513 The Initiation Vol.2(1) pp10-16  

scholarly journals Diversity of Mammals in and around of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve

Our Nature ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Thapa Chhetry ◽  
J. Pal
Keyword(s):  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Oxbow Lakes ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Wildlife Reserve

Though the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve was established for the protection of wild water buffalo, there are other mammals in and around of it due to the presence of different type of habitats like rivers, oxbow lakes, seepage stream, marshlands, floodplains, ponds, swamp forest etc. This paper deals with the study of mammals in and around of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve. Altogether 21 species of mammals belonging to 19 genera and 13 families were found during the study period. Among these 3 occurred commonly, 11 rarely and 7 occasionally at local level.DOI: 10.3126/on.v8i1.4336

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants of Turmic Valley (Central Karakoram National Park), Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sher Wali Khan ◽  
Qamar Abbas ◽  
Syed Najmul Hassan ◽  
Hawas Khan ◽  
Azhar Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Indus River ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
The People ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
Gilgit Baltistan

This study was undertaken to enumerate the medicinal plants of the area, find out the conservation status, and record the folk knowledge from the inhabitants of Turmic Valley during 2011-2013. The valley is located in the Rondo division of the District Skardu on the Northeastern side of the Indus River. The detailed information about the local flora regarding medicinal uses was collected from the local herbal healers (Hakeems) and other knowledgeable people. Locally used herbs of the area prevent and cure the people from various diseases such as joint pains, bronchitis, flu and fever, lowering blood pressure, constipation, liver disorders, stomach and abdominal problems, etc. The most common medicinal herbs found in the region belong to the families Gentianaceae, Berberidaceae, Umbelliferae, Labiatae, Rosaceae, Compositae, Urticaceae, and Ranunculaceae. The inhabitants of the valley mostly use the 42 plant species for the treatment of different health problems. Forty-two species of plants (including 4 Gymnosperms, 1 monocotyledon, and 37 dicotyledons) and 35 types of diseases have been identified during the current study. Thymus linearis, Rosa webbiana, Urtica dioca, Pleurospermum candollei, Berberis spp., Delphinium brononianum, and Mentha angustifolia were the commonly used plant species in the valley. The collected baseline data of this study will be helpfulfor young researchers in the fieldof taxonomy, ethnobotany, pharmacology, organic chemistry, and particularly for biodiversity conservation. Over exploitation, habitat destruction, and over grazing are the major threats for the loss of the important flora of the area.

scholarly journals Habitat use and conservation threats to Wild Water Buffalo Bubalus arnee (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Bovidae) in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 19714-19724
Author(s):  
Reeta Khulal ◽  
Bijaya Neupane ◽  
Bijaya Dhami ◽  
Siddhartha Regmi ◽  
Ganesh Prasad Tiwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Acacia Catechu ◽  
Conservation Threats ◽  
Wildlife Reserve ◽  
Herb Species

Wild Water Buffalo (WWB) Bubalus arnee is an endangered species and a protected animal in Nepal. The remaining WWB population is located in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve (KTWR), and it appears to have low viability under prevailing conditions. We assessed the habitat use and conservation threats to wild water buffalo in KTWR. For habitat analysis the quadrant method was used. Eighty-four quadrants of 25 m2 for trees, 168 quadrants of 10m2 for shrubs and 336 quadrants of 1 m2 for herbs were laid out in the study area. Ivlev’s electivity index (IV) was calculated to assess the use of different habitat components. The important Value Index (IVI) was used for vegetation assessment. A relative threat ranking method was used to assess conservation threats for wild buffalo and their habitats. Wild buffalo mostly preferred habitats with distance to water resources less than 500 m (IV= 0.4), less than 25 % crown coverage (IV= 0.39) and more than 75 % ground coverage (IV= 0.42). The trees species Phyllanthus emblica, Acacia catechu, shrub species Mimosa pudica and the herb species Brachiaria distachya, Vetiveria zizanioides, Imperata cylindrica, and Saccharum spontaneum were preferred by WWB in the study area. Among the different plant categories, we found that Acacia catechu was the most preferred tree species (IVI= 156.95), Mimosa pudica the most preferred shrub species (IVI= 58.68), and Imperata cylindrica the most preferred herb species (IVI= 64.73). Major conservation threats perceived by local stakeholders for wild buffaloes were overgrazing by cattle and genetic swamping through crossbreeding with domestic buffalo. Therefore, conservation of grass species through control of grazing, and prevention of cross breeding are measures supported by this study. Additionally, site-specific conservation strategies should be adopted, based on identified threats in the study area.

scholarly journals Stem photosynthesis: new evidence highlights the contribution of phenotypic plasticity to the invasion success of Mikania micrantha

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zheng ◽  
Tai-Jie Zhang ◽  
Bo-Hui Li ◽  
Wei-Jie Liang ◽  
Qi-Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
Stem Photosynthesis ◽  
Wide Range

Phenotypic plasticity affords invasive plant species the ability to colonize a wide range of habitats, but physiological plasticity of their stems is seldom recognized. Investigation of the stem plasticity of invasive plant species could lead to a better understanding of their invasiveness. We performed a pot experiment involving defoliation treatments and an isolated culture experiment to determine whether the invasive species Mikania micrantha exhibits greater plasticity in the stems than do three native species that co-occur in southern China and then explored the mechanism underlying the modification of its stem photosynthesis. Our results showed that the stems of M. micrantha exhibited higher plasticity in terms of either net or gross photosynthesis in response to the defoliation treatment. These effects were positively related to an increased stem elongation rate. The enhancement of stem photosynthesis in M. micrantha resulted from the comprehensive action involving increases in the Chl a/b ratio, D1 protein and stomatal aperture, changes in chloroplast morphology and a decrease in anthocyanins. Increased plasticity of stem photosynthesis may improve the survival of M. micrantha under harsh conditions and allow it to rapidly recover from defoliation injuries. Our results highlight that phenotypic plasticity promotes the invasion success of alien plant invaders.

scholarly journals Trends in the ecological character of the world's wetlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. C. Davidson ◽  
L. Dinesen ◽  
S. Fennessy ◽  
C. M. Finlayson ◽  
P. Grillas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Ramsar Site ◽  
Ramsar Convention ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Average Area ◽  
Ecological Character ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Better Than

We assessed trends in the ecological character of wetlands generally and of Ramsar Sites reported in 2011, 2014 and 2017 by the Contracting Parties to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in their national reports. There was more widespread deterioration than improvement in the ecological character of wetlands generally, with deterioration increasingly more widespread between 2011 and 2017. The ecological-character trends in Ramsar Sites were significantly better than those of wetlands generally, but an increasingly more widespread deterioration of ecological character was reported between 2011 and 2017. Trends in the ecological character of wetlands generally, and of Ramsar Sites were worst in Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean, and recently also in Oceania, and better in North America and Europe. Deterioration in the ecological character of Ramsar Site was more widespread in countries with a large average area of their Ramsar Sites. This information on trends of wetland ecological character can contribute to assessing the achievement of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal Target 6.6 and Aichi Biodiversity Target 5. Our analysis indicated that the 1971 aim of the Ramsar Convention to stem the degradation of wetlands has not yet been achieved.

scholarly journals Diversity of Herpetofauna in and around the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve

BIBECHANA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 15-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damodar Thapa Chhetry
Keyword(s):  
Gavialis Gangeticus ◽  
Wildlife Reserve

The paper deals with the herpetofauna of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve and its surroundings. A total of 23 species of herpetofauna belonging to 19 genera and 13 families were recorded. Of these 8 species belonging to 6 genera and 3 families were amphibians, and 15 species belonging to 13 genera and 10 families were reptiles. Keywords: herpetofauna; Gavialis gangeticus; Koshi TappuDOI: 10.3126/bibechana.v6i0.3933BIBECHANA Vol. 6, March 2010 pp.15-17

scholarly journals Aspek Hukum Pelestarian Lahan Basah pada Situs Ramsar di Indonesia (Studi Terhadap Implementasi Konvensi Ramsar 1971 di Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting)

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Alam Surya Anggara
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ramsar Site ◽  
Ramsar Convention ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Wise Use ◽  
Ecosystem Protection ◽  
Peatland Degradation ◽  
Wise Use Of Wetlands

AbstractThe Ramsar Convention have been transformed and implemented into Indonesian law. In practice, still found non-synchronized regulations that have not been able to implement the sustainable and wise use of wetlands. The prevention of peatland degradation must be holistic by involving the community and make intens socialization in order to create a sense of belonging and ownership. It is the purpose of this article to analyze the implementation of the Ramsar Convention 1971 on the peatland ecosystem protection and management at Tanjung Puting National Park, Central Kalimantan, and related to how Government efforts and policy to prevent the degradation of peatland since it was established as Ramsar Site in Indonesia.IntisariKetentuan-ketentuan dalam Konvensi Ramsar telah dilaksanakan dan ditransformasikan ke dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Dalam praktiknya, masih ditemukan peraturan-peraturan yang tidak sinkron, sehingga belum dapat melaksanakan komitmen pemanfaatan lahan basah secara bijaksana dan berkelanjutan. Upaya pencegahan degradasi gambut harus dilaksanakan secara holistik dengan mengikutsertakan masyarakat dan mengintensifkan sosialisasi agar tercipta sense of belonging, dan ownership. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi Konvensi Ramsar 1971 terkait perlindungan dan pengelolaan ekosistem gambut di Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting, Kalimantan Tengah. Sekaligus untuk melihat sejauh mana upaya Pemerintah dalam mencegah degradasi ekosistem gambut, sejak Tanjung Puting ditetapkan sebagai Situs Ramsar di Indonesia.

scholarly journals Epiphytic metazoans on emergent macrophytes in oxbow lakes of the Krapina River, Croatia: differences related to plant species and limnological conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Špoljar ◽  
Jelena Fressl ◽  
Tvrtko Dražina ◽  
Matija Meseljević ◽  
Zlatko Grčić
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Trophic State ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Trophic State Index ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Oxbow Lakes ◽  
Emergent Macrophytes

Epiphytic metazoans on emergent macrophytes in oxbow lakes of the Krapina River, Croatia: differences related to plant species and limnological conditionsThis study investigated the structure of the epiphytic metazoans on emerged macrophytes in the littoral zone of two oxbow lakes with different trophic levels. Differences in the diversity and density of the epiphytic metazoans were analyzed in relation to plant architecture (simple or complex stems), food resources (algae and detritus) and water characteristics (transparency and derived trophic state index). A significant negative correlation was found between detritus on plants as food resource, and diversity and density of epiphytic metazoans, indicating grazing of microphagous species. Rotifers dominated in diversity and density in the epiphyton on all habitats. Total density of metazoans, rotifers and copepods in epiphyton were significantly higher onMenthain mesotrophic lake than onIrisin a eutrophic lake. We presume that macrophyte belt width and trophic state governed biotic interactions and consequently epiphytic assemblages more strongly than macrophyte architecture. However, aMenthahabitat showed a slightly higher density and diversity of epiphytic metazoans in relation toIrisat the same site, but these differences were not significant.

scholarly journals Food habits of gaur (Bos gaurus gaurus Smith, 1827) and livestock (cows and buffaloes) in Parsa Wild

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chetri
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Piper Longum ◽  
Phragmites Karka ◽  
Bos Gaurus ◽  
Wildlife Reserve ◽  
Common Plant

Food habits of gaur (Bos gaurus gaurus) and livestock (cows and buffaloes) have been studied from January to June 1998 in Parsa Wildlife Reserve, Nepal. The study aimed to understand the diet composition and common plant used by gaur and livestock. Gaurs are both grazers and browsers. The diet of gaur comprised of 38 plant species (20 species of grass, 11 species of browse and 7 species of herb and others) and that of livestock comprised of 35 plant species (19 species of grass, 13 species of browse and 3 species of herb and others). A comparative analysis of plants consumption revealed that gaurs are less selective feeder than livestock. A total of 24 plant species (16 species of grass, 6 species of browse and 2 species of herb and others) were common in the diet of gaur and livestock. 7 species of plants (5 species of grass – Cymbopogon sp., Imperata cylindrica, Phragmites karka, Themeda sp., Vetiveria zizanoides; 1 species of browse – Phaulopsis imbricata and 1 species of herb – Piper longum) are comparatively more utilized by both gaur and livestock. Himalayan Journal of Sciences 1(1): 31-36, 2003

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