scholarly journals Microbiology of lower respiratory tract infection in workers of garment industry of Kathmandu

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
S Pant ◽  
KR Bhusal ◽  
S Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

By mistake the wrong PDF was loaded for this article. The correct PDF was loaded on 19th September 2016. OBJECTIVES This study was designed with the objectives of describing the distribution pattern of microorganisms responsible for causing LRTI in the workers of garment industries.MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 198 cases of suspected person of Lower Respiratory Tract infection (LRTI) LRTI were included in this study. This study was conducted between November 2009 to April 2010. Specimen for the study was expectorated sputum. Gram-stain, Ziehl-Neelsen stains and culture were performed.RESULTS On direct microscopic examination, 20.51% were Gram positive bacteria, 79.48% were Gram negative bacteria and 4% were smear positive AFB. On culture sensitivity examination, 22% percent showed growth of different bacteria in different culture media. The bacteria isolated from the samples included Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.38%), Proteus mirabilis (15.38%) and Citrobacterfruendii (15.38%). Gram Negative bacteria were found most susceptible to Ciprofloxacin (92.30%, 24/26) and Amikacin (92.30%, 24/26). Similarly, Gram Positive bacteria were found most susceptible to Ciprofloxacin (100%, 8/8) followed by Cloxacillin and Cephalexin (87.5%, 7/8). Smear positive AFB was significantly associated with not using the protective measures (mask) by workers and presence of symptoms (cough for more than two weeks, night sweat, hemoptysis and anorexia) (p=0.031). Culture positivity was significantly associated with symptoms like production of purulent sputum (p=0.045).CONCLUSION There was insignificant association between LRTI and risk factors present in working room of garment industries. Most of the isolates were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and resistance to Ampicillin and Cephalexin.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2014, Vol-10, No-3, 14-22

scholarly journals Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Sensitivity Analysis of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Qianqian Wang ◽  
Chuanhui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative

<strong>Objective: </strong>To study drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection in patients in Respiratory Department of Internal Medicine. <strong>Method: </strong>On October 2011 to October 2013, there were 112 patients with lower respiratory tract infection in the hospital respiratory medicine ward were reviewed for analysis by collected patient’s infected blood, urine and sputum for laboratory analysis and investigation of drug resistance. <strong>Results: </strong>In a total of 112 strains of pathogenic bacteria, gram negative bacteria, the number of strains was 68, accounting for 60.7% of all strains. The analysis of gram positive bacteria had the lowest drug resistance to vancomycin, but the resistance to erythromycin and penicillin was the highest, while gram negative bacteria were the lowest, but the drug resistance was high. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Respiratory Department Of Internal Medicine, patients with lower respiratory tract infection, the pathogenic bacteria which is gram negative bacterial infection is more common, to clarify the distribution of the infection of pathogenic bacteria, and the drug resistance to do a good grasp of the lower respiratory tract infection in patients with lower respiratory tract infection in patients with the role of a thing.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Gram-negative Isolates of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakshya Nepal ◽  
Basudha Shrestha ◽  
Deepak Man Joshi ◽  
Rajesh Dhoj Joshi ◽  
Sanjit Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

Background:  Lower respiratory tract infection is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A crosssectional study was carried out with an objective to study the antibiogram of Gram-negative isolates of patients with lower respiratory tract infection visiting Kathmandu Model Hospital.Methods: A total of 274 specimens including sputum, endotracheal aspirates, suction tips were cultured as per standard microbiological technique. Antibiotic susceptibility and detection of Extended-spectrum beta- lactamases (ESBLs) were performed following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI 2014) guidelines.Results: Respiratory pathogens were recovered from 24.6% (n=65) cases. Klebsiella pneumoniae (40%) was the commonest isolates. The highest prevalence of multidrug-resistance (69.23%) was observed in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus baumannii complex. Extended-spectrum beta- lactamases were detected in Escherichia coli (n=4), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=4) and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus baumannii complex (n=1).Conclusions: High prevalence of multidrug-resistance and extended- spectrum beta- lactamase producers were observed in respiratory isolates. For effective management of lower respiratory tract infections, an ultimate and detailed microbiological diagnosis and susceptibility testing is required.

scholarly journals Gram Positive Bacteria causing Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and their Resistance Patterns in Kathmandu University Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Jatan Bahadur Sherchan ◽  
S Humagain
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Tract Infections

Respiratory tract infection due to Gram positive bacteria is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study of one year duration was carried out to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Gram-positive bacteria from patients with lower respiratory tract infection visiting Kathmandu University Hospital. A total of 1,556 respiratory samples including sputum and endotracheal aspirates were processed following standard guidelines. Antibiotic resistance pattern was determined following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Gram positive bacteria from total sample were 6.6%. Out of them 86.4% were Streptococcus pneumoniae and 13.6% were Staphylococcus aureus. Majority of S. pneumoniae, 53.9% were resistant to azithromycin, followed by cotrimoxazole 40.4%, ciprofloxacin 13.5% and Ceftriaxone 1.1% but all isolates were sensitive to penicillin. A total of 92.9% S. aureus were methicillin and Ciprofloxacin resistant, 64.3% were resistant to cotrimoxazole and 28.6% resistant to amikacin but all strains were sensitive to linezolid. Majority of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus were detected among patients of age more than 60 years. A total of 77.8% patients had lower respiratory tract infection with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Majority of diabetic patients had multidrug resistant organism. 70.69% patients of age above 60 had multidrug resistant isolates. Multidrug-resistant Gram positive bacteria were observed in respiratory samples. For effective management of lower respiratory tract infections detailed microbiological diagnosis and susceptibility testing is required.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Kathmandu University Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-666
Author(s):  
Jatan Bahadur Sherchan ◽  
Sanjay Humagain
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Gram Negative

Background: Respiratory tract infection due to Gram-negative bacteria is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Gram-negative bacteria from patients with lower respiratory tract infection visiting Kathmandu University Hospital.Methods: A total of 3,403 respiratory samples including sputum and endotracheal aspirates were processed and antibiotic resistance pattern was determined following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Patients’ information was obtained after informed consent.Results: Growth of Gram-negative bacteria was 210 (6.17%). 83(39.52%) were Klebsiella pneumoniae followed by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter species, Proteus mirabilis and Haemophilus influenzae. 151(71.90%) isolates were multidrug resistant. None of the strains were resistant to colistin. 51(24.29%) were resistant to carbapenem and out of these 3(1.43%) were metallo-? lactamase producers. 89(65.92%) of the patients having both pneumonia along with other respiratory illnesses were above 60 years of age indicating that old age might be a predisposing factor. (p value is less than 0.0001). 92(81.42%) of patients of age above 60 years had multidrug resistant isolates indicating that old age might be a predisposing factor for getting infection my multidrug resistant isolates. (p value equals 0.0012) Among 36 diabetic patients 33(91.67%) had multidrug resistant isolates. Whereas out of 174 non-diabetic patients only 118(67.82%) had multidrug resistant isolates (p value equals 0.0037).Conclusions: Multidrug-resistant Gram negative bacteria were observed in respiratory samples. Effective treatment of lower respiratory tract infection need detailed microbiological diagnosis and drug susceptibility testing.Keywords: ESBL; LRTI; MBL; MDR

scholarly journals Microbiota of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Samples from Patients of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection – A Changing Trend

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanashree P. Inamdar ◽  
B. Anuradha ◽  
Padmanabh Inamdar ◽  
Poojitha Sai Patti
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is the saline wash of the bronchial tree, which aids in diagnosing various pulmonary pathologies. The present study was contemplated with an aim to know the clinical, microbiological profile of BAL samples along with its sensitivity pattern and to assess its utility as a diagnostic tool. This was a prospective observational study, carried over 90 patients presenting with lower respiratory tract infections. The total microbial recovery rate from BAL was 39 (43.3%). The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of BAL were found to be 76.4%, 89.7% and 90.6% respectively. Maximum isolates were bacteria (25.5%) followed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) (16.6%) and fungi (1.1%). Predominant bacterial isolates were Gram-negative (81.5%) compared to Gram-positive (18.5%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacteria was seen in 59.2% of isolates. BAL is a valuable diagnostic tool to find not only bacterial but mycobacterial and fungal infections in patients with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). A trend towards LRTI with Gram-negative infections is on the rise and they tend to be multidrug-resistant. Hence checking susceptibility patterns is crucial to start evidence-based treatment.

scholarly journals COPD-Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Visual Analogue Score (c-LRTI-VAS) validation in stable and exacerbated patients with COPD

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000761
Author(s):  
Hendrik Johannes Prins ◽  
Ruud Duijkers ◽  
Johannes M A Daniels ◽  
Thys van der Molen ◽  
Tjip S van der Werf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Visual Analogue Score ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Related Quality

BackgroundWe developed the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-Lower Respiratory Tract Infection-Visual Analogue Score (c-LRTI-VAS) in order to easily quantify symptoms during exacerbations in patients with COPD. This study aimed to validate this score.MethodsIn our study, patients with stable COPD as well as those with an acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) were included. The results of c-LRTI-VAS were compared with other markers of disease activity (lung function parameters, oxygen saturation and two health related quality of life questionnaires (St Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ)) and validity, reliability and responsiveness were assessed.ResultsEighty-eight patients with clinically stable COPD and 102 patients who had an AECOPD completed the c-LRTI-VAS questionnaire. When testing on two separate occasions for repeatability, no statistically significant difference between total scores was found 0.143 (SD 5.42) (p=0.826). Internal consistency was high across items (Cronbach’s apha 0.755). Correlation with SGRQ and CCQ total scores was moderate to high. After treatment for hospitalised AECOPD, the mean c-LRTI-VAS total score improved 8.14 points (SD 9.13; p≤0.001).Conclusionsc-LRTI-VAS showed proper validity, responsiveness to change and moderate to high correlation with other questionnaires. It, therefore, appears a reliable tool for symptom measurement during AECOPD.Trial registration numberNCT01232140.

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