scholarly journals Aerobic bacteriology of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) in a tertiary care hospital: A retrospective study

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Sanjana ◽  
YI Singh ◽  
NS Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

The present study was carried out to determine the aerobic microorganisms involved and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) and to provide a guideline for empirical antibiotic therapy.Between March 2009 to February 2011, the ear discharge samples submitted at the microbiology laboratory were processed aerobically and all the isolates were included in this study. All organisms were identified morphologically and biochemically by standard laboratory procedures and antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as per National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standard recommendations.Out of a total of 214 samples, microbiological culture was yielded from 202 (94.3%) specimens. Single organism were isolated from 168 (78.5%) of the culture positive specimens, while the remaining 34 (15.9%) had two or more organisms isolated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa 59 (35.1%) was the most common isolate, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 42 (25.0%) including 5 (3%) of the Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA). Antibiotic sensitivities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that 93.2% isolates were sensitive to tobramycin, whereas, 91.5% isolates were sensitive to ceftazidime and 77.9% to amikacin.Only 50.8% of the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and 25.4% to gentamicin. For Staphylococcus aureus (other than MRSA) 95.2% were sensitive to cloxacillin, 83.3% to gentamicin and 78.5% to erythromycin. Only 07.1% were sensitive to ampicillin and 26.1% to ciprofloxacin.Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate followed by Staphylococcus aureus. More than 90% of Pseudomonas and 90% of Staph aureus were sensitive to tobramycin and cloxacillin respectively. Therefore, these two drugs may be included in the formulary to cover the most common aerobic isolates involved in CSOM.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2011, Vol-7, No-2, 1-8DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v7i2.6673

scholarly journals Therapeutic guidelines for antimicrobial use in chronic suppurative otitis media for a tertiary care hospital in Sub Himalayan region

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Sushma Sawaraj ◽  
Sunder Singh Dogra ◽  
Dinesh Kansal ◽  
Kamlesh Thakur ◽  
Parveen Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: The battle against micro-organisms, in their role as primary cause of the disease and infective complications of medical and surgical techniques, has not decreased in spite of modern antimicrobial therapy. Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a disease with worldwide prevalence having potentially serious long term effects. The disease remains an important global public health problem leading to hearing impairment, and due to wide spread irrational use microbial resistance is very common to these antibiotics, thereby leading to treatment failure. Hence it is important to know the type of bacteria and their sensitivity pattern so that appropriate antibiotics may be given for treatment and prevention of complications.Methods: 428 patients of otitis media were enrolled from ENT OPD of Tertiary Care Hospital. Ear swab was taken from diagnosed cases of CSOM and culture and sensitivity were done.Results: The microbiology of the swab showed no growth in (25.4%) of samples. Staphylococcus aureus (26%) and Pseudomonas (25%) were the main organisms isolated. Staphylococcus aureus isolated was sensitive to vancomycin, clindamycin, cefixime, gentamicin and cefipime in descending order. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to ceftazidime, imipenem, piperacillin, gentamicin, cefipime. In the present study Staph. aureus and Pseudomonas were the predominant bacteria, it is suggested to undertake a gram staining in all patients. If gram positive organisms are isolated it is suggested that presumptive treatment should be directed against Staphylococcus aureus and if gram negative then against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Such a treatment is not only likely to be effective but will also go a long way in preventing emergence of drug resistance.Conclusions: The antimicrobial therapy should be based on locally determined microbiological isolates and local sensitivity patterns to a particular antimicrobial agent. The presumptive antimicrobial therapy should therefore be directed against these organisms.

scholarly journals Microorganisms and Culture and Sensitivity Pattern in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-256
Author(s):  
Krishna Sundar Shrestha ◽  
Surendra Kumar Madhup ◽  
Bikash Lal Shrestha ◽  
Monika Pokharel ◽  
Ashish Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Introduction CSOM is defined as persistent or intermittent infected discharge of more than three months duration through the perforated or non intact tympanic membrane caused by bacteria, fungi and virus resulting in inflammation of mucosal lining that often results in partial or total loss of tympanic membrane and ossicles. The aim of study was to study the current bacteriological profile responsible for the disease. Methods This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out at the department of Ear , Nose and Throat (ENT) and Head and Neck Surgery (HNS) in a tertiary care centre from January 2019 to December 2020. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number 52/2021). A convenient sampling method was used and data analysis was done in Microsoft Excel . Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results There were a total of 324 patients included in the study. The age range was from five to sixty-eight years. Most patients were of the age group below 10 years. There were a total of 178 males and 146 females. The most common organism isolated were Staphylococcus aureus 145 (44.8%) and Psedomonas aeruginosa 86 (26.6%). Conclusions Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common organisms responsible for chronic suppurative otitis media in our study.   Keywords: chronic suppurative otitis media, Staphyllococcus aureus.                         

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of chronic suppurative otitis media in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Shirsendu Mondal ◽  
Manasi Banerjee ◽  
Sudip Das
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media is a common infectious disease in our country. The micro-organisms commonly causing the disease and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern is important for treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of the common microorganisms in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media in our tertiary care hospital.Methods: The study was carried out from July 2013 to December 2013 at the ENT out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal. 100 patients aged 18 to 60 years of either sex, with unilateral or bilateral active chronic suppurative otitis media attending the out- patient clinic were included in the study. Pus samples were collected from the discharging ears and sent for isolating the organisms and susceptibility testing.Results: A total number of 108 ear swabs were collected from the 100 recruited patients of which 15 (13.88%) were sterile and 93 (86.11%) showed presence of organisms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa 41(38%) was the commonest organism isolated, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 25(23.15%). The antimicrobial profile of the microorganisms reveals maximum sensitivity of the isolated organisms to piperacillin and levofloxacin.Conclusions: In our study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (38%) and Staphylococcus aureus (23.15%) are the major pathogens involved in the etiology of CSOM. The isolates showed maximum sensitivity to piperacillin (41%) and levofloxacin (41%). As piperacillin is available only in parenteral form and is also costly, topical levofloxacin can be recommended in empirical treatment of CSOM.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from chronic suppurative otitis media

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Kiran A. Deshmukh ◽  
Deepak Manthale
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Production Characteristic

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is the most common middle ear infection characterized by recurrent ear discharges or otorrhoea through a tympanic perforation from the middle ear. The organisms isolated from CSOM include both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Among  the  bacteria,  <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (<em>P. aeruginosa</em>) has been particularly blamed for deep seated and progressive  destruction  of  middle  ear  and mastoid  structures  through  its  toxins  and enzymes. The present study was done to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> isolated from CSOM.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India in March 2016. Data was obtained from the microbiology records from January 2014 to January 2016. Patients who had active ear discharge for at least three months were included in the study. <em>P. aeruginosa</em> was identified by colony morphology, pigment production, characteristic musty or earthy odor. The identification was confirmed by motility and standard biochemical tests.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 293 cases of CSOM were included in the study. Microbial growth was seen in 248 (84.6%) cases and remaining 45 cases did not show any growth. Among 248 bacterial growth, 87 (35%) were positive for P. aeruginosa. Most common organism was <em>P. aeruginosa</em> followed by <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Highest resistance was seen with Gentamicin and Ofloxacin and least resistance with Imipenem. The increased resistance to Cephalosporin group is warning sign, as these are potent anti-Psuedomals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and Staphylococcus aureus were found to be the common cause of CSOM in the present study. <em>P. aeruginosa </em>was resistant to commonly used antimicrobials. There was no resistance seen with Imipenem and only two strains were resistant to Piperacillin+tazobactum. Regular evaluation of the microbiological pattern and antibiogram of isolates will help in decreasing the complications of CSOM. </p>

scholarly journals Bacteriological and mycological profile of chronic suppurative otitis media

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagraj M. ◽  
Premalatha D. E.
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is the chronic inflammation of the middle ear cleft. It can cause permanent perforation and is famous for its recurrence and persistent infection. Haphazard use of antibiotics and increasing use of newer ones has led to persistent change in microbial flora. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the bacteria and fungi causing chronic suppurative otitis media and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the bacterial isolates.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective cross sectional study was done in 70 patients of chronic suppurative otitis media presenting with active ear discharge. Sterile swabs were used to collect pus from discharging ear and sent for culture sensitivity. All organisms isolated were identified according to standard microbiological methods.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using Kirby- Bauer disc diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa </em>were the most common organisms isolated in this study. Fungi isolated most commonly was <em>Aspergillus species. Pseudomonas aeruginosa </em>was most sensitive to Piperacillin-Tazobactam, and Gentamycin. <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>was most sensitive to Linezolid and vancomycin and least sensitive to Erythromycin.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> was the most common bacteria isolated and <em>Aspergillus </em>spp was the most common fungi isolated from patients with CSOM. Judicial use of antibiotics is necessary for the prevention of development of antibiotic resistance.</p>

scholarly journals Bacteriological profile of chronic suppurative otitis media in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sowmya Tumkur Rangaiah ◽  
Ravi Dudda ◽  
M. Hanumanth Prasad ◽  
Nagavara Kalegowda Balaji ◽  
Sumangala B. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Culture Sensitivity

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Chronic suppurative otitis media is a disease affecting the middle ear and mastoid cavity, leading to considerable morbidity by causing hearing loss; and even life threatening complications in squamosal type of CSOM, if left untreated over long periods of time. Hence it is imperative to treat the persistent ear discharge in CSOM according to the antibiotic susceptibility of the organisms isolated. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This is a prospective cross sectional study done in 135 patients of chronic suppurative otitis media presenting with active ear discharge. Sterile swabs were used to collect pus from discharging ear and sent for culture sensitivity.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <em><span lang="EN-IN">Staphylococcus</span></em><span lang="EN-IN"> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> were the most common organisms isolated in this study. <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> was most sensitive to Piperacillin-Tazobactam, followed by Meropenem and Ciprofloxacin. <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>was most sensitive to Linezolid followed by Cefoxitin and Erythromycin. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Treating active discharge of CSOM according to pus culture sensitivity pattern reduces the bacterial load in the middle ear and makes the ear more favourable for graft uptake.</span></p><p class="abstract"> </p><p class="keywords"><strong>Keywords: </strong><span lang="EN-IN">Chronic suppurative otitis media, Aerobic bacterial culture, Antibiotic susceptibility, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em></span></p>

scholarly journals A study of microbial gamut and antibiograms in chronic suppurative otitis media

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Raj Tajamul Hussain ◽  
Sanam Altaf ◽  
Owais Makhdoomi ◽  
Mariya Ali
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study was to discern the patterns in microbial diversity and the resistogram among the patients suffering from CSOM.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total number of 100 ear swabs were investigated for the present study. Their gram staining, direct microscopy with KOH, culture sensitivity, and biochemical tests were carried out to identify the organisms and to know their sensitivity pattern. All the swabs were collected from clinically diagnosed cases of chronic suppurative otitis media visiting otolaryngology outpatient department of tertiary care hospital. The study period was one year, from January 2016 to December 2017.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of total 100 cases, 90 were culture<strong> </strong>positives, 6 showed no growth and 4 were<strong> </strong>skin contaminants (mirococci). Out of 90 culture positives, fungal culture was positive in 5 (5.5%) while combined bacteria and fungi obtained in 18 (20%) cases and only bacteria in 67 (74.4%) cases. Among the aerobic bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacteria isolated from the bacterial culture (n=36; 34.95%) followed by <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(n=28; 27.18%) and <em>Proteus</em> (n=13; 12.62%). Among the fungal isolates,<strong> </strong><em>Aspergillus niger </em>was predominant followed<strong> </strong>by Candida <em>albicans </em>&amp; <em>Aspergillus flavus.</em> Amikacin and imipenem were found to be the most effective antibiotics with low resistance rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The present study gave an insight into the bacteriological profile of the cases of CSOM and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. This in turn will ensure rational and judicious use of antibiotics and thus prevent emergence of resistant bugs and also the complications associated with CSOM.</p>

scholarly journals Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: Bacteriology and Drug Sensitivity Patterns at the Quirino Memorial Medical Center (2004-2005): A Preliminary Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 20-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia N. Ayson ◽  
Jan Eero G. Lopez ◽  
Erasmo Gonzalo DV. Llanes
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Objectives: To identify the bacterial pathogens associated with chronic suppurative otitis media and their antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance   Study Design: Cross-sectional survey   Setting: The study was carried out from July 2004-July 2005 at the outpatient clinic of a government tertiary hospital.   Number of subjects: A total of 32 patients (54 ears) with unilateral or bilateral active chronic suppurative otitis media.   Results: Bacterial pathogens of 54 ear discharge samples from CSOM were studied. Among them, 42 (78%) were pure cultures and 9 (16.7%) were mixed, only 3 (5.6%) of the submitted samples had no growth. There were 42 pure isolates, the most common of which was Staphylococcus aureus 21 (50%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14 (33.3%). Drug sensitivity pattern of Staphylococcus aureus showed that 61.9% were resistant to Penicillin while more than 90% were sensitive to Aminoglycosides and Clindamycin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to penicillin in 64.3% of cases and Ciprofloxacin was active against pseudomonas in 85.7%.   Conclusion: The most common bacterial pathogens from CSOM include Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Majority of the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to penicillin. Aminoglycosides, macrolides and quinolones were effective against most of the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.   Keywords: chronic otitis media, perforated tympanic membrane, chronic aural discharge    

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