Photographic ritual: visual conditions of behaviour and definitions of self

The present paper studies consumer digital photography as a cultural and social phenomenon contributing to the formation of contemporary identity. By examining the processes of production, characteristic style of representation and practical uses of both digital and analogue photographs, the study attempts to establish the qualitative distinctions between traditional and present-day photographic media and evaluate their effectiveness as modes of self-representation. Specific issues discussed include: the depreciation of the photograph as a commemorative object; intervention of digital photography into life experiences; digital photography as common behaviour or interactive ritual; and photographic theatricality as identity forming process.

Photographic ritual: visual conditions of behaviour and definitions of self

The present paper studies consumer digital photography as a cultural and social phenomenon contributing to the formation of contemporary identity. By examining the processes of production, characteristic style of representation and practical uses of both digital and analogue photographs, the study attempts to establish the qualitative distinctions between traditional and present-day photographic media and evaluate their effectiveness as modes of self-representation. Specific issues discussed include: the depreciation of the photograph as a commemorative object; intervention of digital photography into life experiences; digital photography as common behaviour or interactive ritual; and photographic theatricality as identity forming process.

The analysis of the drug assortment of immunostimulants presented at the Ukrainian market

Aim. To analyze the registered medicines of the group of immunostimulants in order to determine the feasibility of creating and organizing the production of new drugs based on natural clays, in particular green and yellow clays.Materials and methods. The list of medicinal products compiled from official sources of information was used in the work; it was processed by the methods of generalization, systematization, graphical method, as well as the methods of comparative and structural analysis.Results and its discussion. The analysis of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market concerning the range of the registered immunostimulants has been performed. Structuring of the selected list of medicines by the ATC-classification, origin, composition, production characteristic and dosage form type has been carried out. By production basis the majority of medicines are of domestic production (63.58 %). It has been determined that drugs of the segment studied are produced in solid and liquid dosage forms. Solutions for injection are prevalent at the domestic pharmaceutical market, and the range of solid dosage forms is under developed. At the pharmaceutical market, there are no drugs of this group with natural clays, in particular yellow and green clays.Conclusions. The absence of immunostimulants based on natural clays at the Ukrainian market has been proven; it indicates the feasibility of introducing new domestic drugs with the immunostimulating action on the basis of natural clays, in particular yellow and green clays, to the market.

Food for thought: nano-selenium in poultry nutrition and health

In recent years, nanoparticles have become a fashionable subject of research due to their sizes, shapes, and unique intrinsic physicochemical properties. In particular for the last 5 years, nano-Se has received tremendous attention in terms of its production, characteristic, and possible application for poultry/animal science and medical sciences. Indeed, Nano-Se is shown to be a potential source of Se for poultry/animal nutrition. However, there is an urgent need to address the questions related to nano-Se absorption, assimilation, and metabolism. It is not clear at present if major biological effects of nano-Se are due to Se-protein synthesis, direct antioxidant/prooxidant effects, or both. It is necessary to understand how metallic nano-Se can be converted into H2Se and further to SeCys to be incorporated into selenoproteins. The aforementioned issues must be resolved before nano-Se finds its way to animal/poultry production as a feed supplement and clearly this subject warrants further investigation.

DIRECTIONS OF INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURAL COMPLEX PROCESSES IN REGIONAL ECONOMY

The article is devoted to urgent problems of increasing the production efficiency of the agro-industrial complex in the regional economy. Most of the country’s subjects are interested in the growth of their own agricultural production, which is the basis for the formation of the food market and domestic consumption. Effective production and economic relations in the territory of a country’s subject contribute to lower costs and food prices, improve self-sufficiency in food. The novelty of the study lies in the formation of a set of measures to support agriculture in Perm Kray, taking into account the dynamics of production, characteristic of the current stage of economic development. The directions of agricultural research in science, the need for systematic technical re-equipment of the industry in order to obtain better results at the regional level are characterized. The analysis of statistics on the status and prevailing development trend of the studied industry in Perm region. The volumes and goals of state support for agricultural enterprises and the agro-industrial complex of the region are studied. Attention is paid to the social indicators of the formation of the industry related to employment, which is relevant in conditions of increasing labor productivity and its automation. The data on the material and technical equipment of the industry were considered, since the level of innovative development of the industry significantly depends on production machinery and equipment. The financial and economic indicators of the state of agriculture of Perm Kray are characterized, positive trends in revenue growth and state support are identified. The study revealed the inadequacy of measures of the state and regional policies in order to ensure sustainable growth and modernization of industry enterprises. Actual measures are proposed that contribute to solving the current problems of the agro-industrial complex, which are associated with a high level of credit load, low productivity and a high share of heavy manual labor.

PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE DA ABÓBORA MARANHÃO SOB INFLUÊNCIA DE LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO E DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO

PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE DA ABÓBORA MARANHÃO SOB INFLUÊNCIA DE LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO E DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO RÔMULO UCHÔA BEZERRA1; THALES VINÍCIUS DE ARAÚJO VIANA2; BENITO MOREIRA DE AZEVEDO2; JOÃO VALDENOR PEREIRA FILHO3 E ALAN DINIZ LIMA4 1Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola - DENA, Universidade Federal do Ceará – Campus do Pici – CE, Avenida Mister Hull, s/n, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected]; 2 Professores do Curso de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Federal do Ceará – Campus do Pici – CE, Avenida Mister Hull, s/n, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected]; [email protected]; 3 Professor do curso de Bacharelado em Engenharia Agronômica da Universidade Estadual do Piauí – Campus Cerrado do Alto Parnaíba – PI, Rua Almir Benvindo, s/n, Bairro Aeroporto, CEP: 64860-000, Uruçuí, Piauí, Brasil, [email protected]; 4 Professor do curso de Bacharelado em Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental da Faculdade Terra Nordeste – FATENE – CE, Rua Coronel Correia, 1119, Centro, CEP 61600-000, Caucaia, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected]. 1 RESUMO A cultura da abóbora vem se destacando no cenário mundial devido a crescente preocupação com a questão do desafio alimentar e sua característica de produção associada a pequenas propriedades. São escassas as informações na literatura acerca das respostas da abóbora ao manejo da irrigação associada a adubação nitrogenada. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o desempenho produtivo (número, massa fresca, massa seca e produtividade) e os parâmetros de qualidade (diâmetro, comprimento, espessura da polpa e °Brix dos frutos) da cultura da abóbora sob lâminas de irrigação associadas a doses de adubo nitrogenado. Adotou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados em parcelas subdivididas, onde nas parcelas estavam inseridas o fator doses de nitrogênio (50; 70; 100; 125% kg de N ha-1) e nas subparcelas as lâminas de irrigação (50; 75; 100; 125% da evaporação medida no tanque classe A - ‘ECA’) com quatro repetições. A pesquisa foi conduzida em campo na área experimental da Estação Meteorológica pertencente a Universidade Federal do Ceará. A produtividade máxima alcançada foi de 4269,6 kg ha-1 obtido com a combinação da lâmina de água de 444,10 mm (122,5% da ECA) e do nível de nitrogênio de 33,65 kg ha-1 de N (112,16 % do recomendado de N). Palavras-chave: jerimum de leite, adubação, manejo da irrigação. BEZERRA, R. U.; VIANA, T. V. de A.; AZEVEDO, B. M. de; PEREIRA FILHO, J. V.; LIMA, A. D. PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF MARANHÃO PUMPKIN UNDER INFLUENCE OF WATER DEPTHS AND NITROGEN DOSES 2 ABSTRACT The pumpkin crop is becoming outstanding in the world scenario due to growing concern with the issue of food challenge and its production characteristic associated with small properties. There is little information in the literature about pumpkin responses to irrigation management associated with nitrogen fertilization. The objective of this work was to evaluate productive performance (number, fresh weight, dry weight and productivity) and quality parameters (diameter, length, pulp thickness and ° Brix of the fruits) of pumpkin culture under irrigation levels associated with doses of nitrogen fertilizer. A randomized complete block design was used in subdivided plots, where the nitrogen dose factor (50; 70; 100; 125% kg of N ha-1) was inserted in the plots and in the subplots, irrigation depths (50; 75; 100; 125% of evaporation measured in tank class A - 'ECA') with four replicates. The research was conducted in the experimental area of the Meteorological Station belonging to the Federal University of Ceará. The maximum productivity reached was 4269.6 kg ha-1 obtained with the combination of water blade of 444.10 mm (122.5% of ECA) and nitrogen level of 33.65 kg ha-1 of N (112.16% of the recommended N). Keywords: milk jerimum, fertilization, irrigation management.

Endothelial Dysfunction and the Effect of Arginine and Citrulline Supplementation in Children and Adolescents With Mitochondrial Diseases

Background: In addition to the reduced energy production, characteristic of mitochondrial disorders, nitric oxide (NO) deficiency can occur as well. The NO produced by vascular endothelial cells relaxes vascular smooth muscles, resulting in vasodilation that maintains the patency of small blood vessels and promotes blood flow through microvasculature. Endothelial dysfunction due to inability of vascular endothelium to generate enough NO to maintain adequate vasodilation can result in decreased perfusion in the microvasculature of various tissues, contributing to many complications seen in individuals with mitochondrial diseases. The amino acids arginine and citrulline are NO precursors: increasing their concentrations could potentially restore NO production. Methods: In this study, we assessed endothelial dysfunction in children and adolescents with mitochondrial diseases. We also investigated the effect of arginine and citrulline supplementation on endothelial dysfunction in these individuals. We used peripheral arterial tonometry to measure the reactive hyperemic index (RHI), which is low when there is endothelial dysfunction. Results: The results demonstrated low RHI in individuals with mitochondrial diseases, indicating endothelial dysfunction. RHI increased with arginine or citrulline supplementation suggesting that supplementation with NO precursors can improve endothelial dysfunction by enhancing NO production. Conclusions: This study is the first one to use peripheral arterial tonometry methodology in mitochondrial diseases. The results of this study provide evidence for endothelial dysfunction in mitochondrial diseases and demonstrate that arginine or citrulline supplementation can alleviate the endothelial dysfunction, providing more evidence for the potential therapeutic utility of these amino acids in mitochondrial diseases.

Slavery in Medieval Europe

Common knowledge would have it that slavery did not exist in medieval Europe. However, there is a thriving body of scholarship which demonstrates that slavery was practiced widely in various forms in Europe during the Middle Ages, alongside captivity, serfdom, and other types of unfreedom. Where then did the common knowledge come from? In the first instance, it derives from the late-18th- and 19th-century abolitionist assumption that as Christianity spread through Europe during the Middle Ages, it must surely have driven out slavery. Among scholars, this common knowledge is sometimes reinforced by Marxist historical narratives, according to which slavery was the mode of production characteristic of the Roman period, while serfdom characterized the medieval period. Yet into the 14th and 15th centuries, medieval Europeans continued to own slaves, trade in slaves, and enslave each other as well as non-European others. They used slaves for agricultural and artisanal labor as well as domestic, sexual, reproductive, and military service. However, the composition of enslaved populations, their demographic and social significance in relation to free populations, the precise legal meaning of slave status, and the practices associated with slavery all varied significantly by region and era. Though Europe was not the only slave-holding region during the medieval period, scholarship about the history of slavery in medieval Byzantium, the Islamic world, Central Asia, East Asia, South Asia, Africa, and the Americas is substantial. Each of these regions merits a bibliography of its own. Moreover, though slavery was not the only form of unfreedom that existed in medieval Europe, captives, hostages, prisoners, and pledges have also been the subjects of much research and merit dedicated bibliographies, too. Finally, though the academic study of medieval slavery came into being in the 19th century alongside the abolitionist discourse that ignored its existence, this bibliography will highlight recent works, especially those produced within the last fifty years. Many older works remain useful as reference points and guides to the archival sources, but contemporary scholars have brought fresh analytical perspectives to bear on slavery studies, each contributing to the flourishing field that exists today.

GENOME INFLUENCE ON THE SYNTHESIZED POLYPLOID WHEAT PHENOTYPE

Presents the results of a study of the effect of genomes on the formation of phenotypes synthesized polyploid species of wheat forms. As objects of study were samples synthesized tetraploid T. erebuni Gandil. AuD, T. palmovae G. Ivanov DAb, hexaploid T. kiharae Dorof. et Migusch. AbGD and diploid carriers of the original genomes: T. urartu Tum. ex Gandil Au T. boeoticum Boiss Ab, Aegilops tauschii subsp strangulate D, and tetraploid T. timopheevii, on the basis of which was created the above tetra - and hexaploid species. A detailed examination of artificially synthesized polyploid wheat, with the involvement of the original sources of the genomes, shows the obvious influence of genomes on the formation of their phenotypic characteristics, including formation of public production of signs. So in the phenotype in artificially created tetraploidtion Triticum erebuni AuAuDD well enough to see the influence of the genome of original diploid wheat T. urartu AuAu. The phenotype of T. palmovae AbAbDD, on the contrary in a greater degree dominante features of a source genome Aegilops tau-schii DD. This allows you to make water that at first as mother plants were used diploid wheat, and T. palmovae - Ae. tauschii. However, this production characteristic as the number of glosses in the ear they were largely under the control of his father's plants. So T. erebuni, the number of spikelets per spike level per se Ae. tauschii, and T. palmovae, on the contrary, closer to the rate of diploid wheat T. boeoticum AbAb. At the hexaploid T. kiharae AbAbGGDD, in contrast to the tetraploid T. erebuni AuAuDD, the phenotype is not observed the corresponding dominance of the signs of the wheat T. timopheevii and the number of ears he's closer to the source of the DD genome. The results of the evaluation of the influence of the genome on the phenotypic features of the synthesized forms provide an opportunity to more thoroughly and effectively suited to the process of creating polyploid forms.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae Adaptation to Innate Immune Clearance Mechanisms in the Lung

Many different species of gram-negative bacteria are associated with infection in the lung, causing exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis (CF), and ventilator-associated pneumonias. These airway pathogens must adapt to common host clearance mechanisms that include killing by antimicrobial peptides, antibiotics, oxidative stress, and phagocytosis by leukocytes. Bacterial adaptation to the host is often evident phenotypically, with increased extracellular polysaccharide production characteristic of some biofilm-associated organisms. Given the relatively limited repertoire of bacterial strategies to elude airway defenses, it seems likely that organisms sharing the same ecological niche might also share common strategies to persistently infect the lung. In this review, we will highlight some of the major factors responsible for the adaptation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the lung, addressing how growth in biofilms enables persistent infection, relevant to, but not limited to, the pathogenesis of infection in CF. In contrast, we will discuss how carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae evade immune clearance, an organism often associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia and health-care-acquired pneumonias, but not a typical pathogen in CF.