scholarly journals Study on the Prevalence of Beta Haemolytic Streptococcus Among School Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
A Manandhar ◽  
Y Shah ◽  
J Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Examination ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Group A ◽  
Microbiological Procedures

Introduction: Βeta haemolytic streptococcal infections have a worldwide distribution among children and it poses an important health problem globally. So, a five months study was conducted to know the prevalence of beta haemolytic streptococci (BHS) in the throat of school children. Materials and Methods: Throat swabs from 200 school children of Kirtipur were collected, transported to the laboratory and were processed for BHS following standard microbiological procedures. Group A Streptococci (GAS) were identified by beta haemolytic colonies, bacitracin sensitivity and catalase negativity test. ASO test was also performed from serum samples. Result: Altogether 18 (9%) BHS isolates were identified from 200 samples, out of which 11 (5.5%) isolates were from males and 7 (3.5%) were from females. Among the 18 BHS isolates, 10 were identified as GAS isolates. The number of GAS presented only 5% of total sample. There was no significant sex difference in colonization of GAS (p> 0.05). Majority of cases were asymptomatic. All GABHS isolates were sensitive to Penicillin. In Serological examination, i.e. Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titre, all serum samples showed less than 200 IU ASO titre. Conclusion: This result highlights the current situation of GABHS throat infection in school children of Kirtipur. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i1.7004 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013;33(1):45-47

scholarly journals Streptococcal antibodies in patients with burn injuries

1981 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Widdowson ◽  
P. J. Wormald
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Streptolysin O ◽  
Protein Map ◽  
Group A

SUMMARYSerum samples from 14 patients whose burns had become infected with streptococci of groups A (11 patients), C (one patient) or G (two patients), and from 19 burned patients without bacteriological evidence of streptococcal infection were examined for anti-streptococcal antibodies. Tests were made for anti-streptolysin O (ASO), anti-hyaluronidase (AH), anti-deoxyribonuclease B (anti-DNAase B) and antibody against M-associated protein (MAP). Sera from the patients with streptococcal infections were also examined, when this was practicable, for ‘bactericidal’ (anti-M) antibody and for antibody against the opacity factor (OF) of the infecting serotype.In patients infected with group A streptococci, the ASO response was generally poor, except in patients infected with strains of type T12/M12, and the AH response was rather similar, but most of the patients gave a rapid and vigorous anti-DNAase B response, except when the burn was small or colonization occurred very late. Antibody to the M and MAP antigens, and to OF (when the infecting strain formed this), was weak and transient, or absent, except in three of four patients infected with streptococci of type T12/M12.

scholarly journals A Community-Based Study of the Rate of Beta-Hemolytic Group A Streptococcal Infections in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic School Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 064-065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmana Gowda Krishnappa ◽  
Mohammed Ali M Marie ◽  
James John ◽  
Shivannavar Channappa Thippana ◽  
Sangeetha Gopalkrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Group A

AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF A STREPTOCOCCAL AND RHEUMATIC FEVER EPIDEMIC IN DICKINSON, NORTH DAKOTA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 712-719
Author(s):  
Robert A. Zimmerman ◽  
Alan C. Siegel ◽  
C. Patton Steele
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
School Children ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Group A ◽  
Initial Survey ◽  
The Military

Data have been presented relating 11 cases of acute rheumatic fever to a high prevalence rate of Group A streptococci in a population of school children in Dickinson, North Dakota. The majority of cases of rheumatic fever did not have a clear cut antecedent streptococcal infection which came to the attention of the examining physicians. Carrier rates for beta-hemolytic streptococci approached 50 to 60% on the initial survey, and rapidly diminished over a 6-week period. Approximately 60% of the Group A streptococci were typeable, and one-third of these were Group A, Type 5. Convalescent antistreptolysin O titers obtained on a group of fifth grade school children, of two schools followed, clinically revealed significantly high titers above any described in previous civilian epidemiological studies but comparable to epidemic strains seen in the military. A virulent Group A, Type 5 streptococcus explosively spread through this community and undoubtedly was responsible for a high attack rate of rheumatic fever. Recommendation for civilian mass prophylaxis on the basis of the data obtained from this epidemic may be made for the first time.

scholarly journals Serum Opacity Factor (SOF) of Streptococcus pyogenes Evokes Antibodies That Opsonize Homologous and Heterologous SOF-Positive Serotypes of Group A Streptococci

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 5097-5103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry S. Courtney ◽  
David L. Hasty ◽  
James B. Dale
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Human Antibodies ◽  
Serum Opacity Factor ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACT Serum opacity factor (SOF) is a protein expressed by Streptococcus pyogenes that opacifies mammalian serum. SOF is also a virulence factor of S. pyogenes, but it has not been previously shown to elicit a protective immune response. Herein, we report that SOF evokes bactericidal antibodies against S. pyogenes in humans, rabbits, and mice. Rabbit antiserum against purified recombinant SOF2 opsonized SOF-positive M type 2, 4, and 28 S. pyogenes in human blood but had no effect on SOF-negative M type 5 S. pyogenes. Furthermore, affinity-purified human antibodies against SOF2 also opsonized SOF-positive streptococci. A combination of antisera against M2 and SOF2 proteins was dramatically more effective in killing streptococci than either antiserum alone, indicating that antibodies against SOF2 enhance the opsonic efficiency of M protein antibodies. Mice tolerated an intravenous injection of 100 μg of SOF without overt signs of toxicity, and immunization with SOF protected mice against challenge infections with M type 2 S. pyogenes. These data indicate that SOF evokes opsonic antibodies that may protect against infections by SOF-positive serotypes of group A streptococci and suggest that different serotypes of SOF have common epitopes that may be useful vaccine candidates to protect against group A streptococcal infections.

scholarly journals THE SERUM OPACITY REACTION OF STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

1968 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin H. Top ◽  
Lewis W. Wannamaker
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Precise Identification ◽  
Group A

Investigation into the antigenicity of streptococcal lipoproteinase has revealed the existence of multiple, immunologically distinct enzymes. Each lipoproteinase identified was found to be strain specific in that it was found only in strains of a particular T-agglutination pattern. In some T patterns, all streptococci of that T pattern which were examined shared a common lipoproteinase antigen. In other T patterns, strains which produced antigenically different lipoproteinases were identified. Evidence that the lipoproteinase antigen is distinct from other well-established cellular antigens of Group A streptococci has been presented. The production of this strain-specific enzyme by strains currently difficult to type by the standard M precipitin method may facilitate more precise identification of these strains and a better assessment of their role in the pathogenesis of Group A streptococcal infections and their sequelae.

scholarly journals Comparison of the titres of ASO, anti-DNase B, and antibodies against the group polysaccharide of group A streptococci in children with streptococcal infections

1974 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 891-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. G.-D. Groot ◽  
N. Michel-Bensink ◽  
M. M. Van Es-Boon ◽  
A. H. Van Vonno ◽  
M. F. Michel
Keyword(s):  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENICITY OF GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI

1959 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Judith Foley ◽  
W. Barry Wood
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid Capsule

A quantitative study of the combined antiphagocytic effects of the M protein and the hyaluronic acid capsules of four strains of Group A streptococci revealed the following facts relating to their intraperitoneal virulence in mice and rats: 1. The most virulent strain, S23M (matt), produced both a large hyaluronic acid capsule and a full complement of M protein, the combined effects of which rendered the organism highly resistant to surface phagocytosis. 2. The slightly less virulent strain, T14/46 (matt virulent) was somewhat more susceptible to surface phagocytosis owing to the fact that its smaller capsule was less antiphagocytic than that of the S23M organism. 3. The glossy variant of the S23 strain (S23G), which ranked third in virulence, was still more susceptible to surface phagocytosis because of its lack of detectable M substance. Its large hyaluronic acid capsule, however, was capable of protecting it against phagocytosis on glass. 4. The least virulent strain, T14 (matt avirulent), was the most susceptible of all to phagocytosis. Though it possessed both M substance and capsule, which together prevented its phagocytosis on glass, each of them was shown to be quantitatively and functionally deficient as compared to Strain S23M. The differences in phagocytability, which appear to be directly related to the pathogenicity of the organisms, could be adequately demonstrated in vitro only by phagocytic tests designed to measure surface phagocytosis in the absence of opsonins. This fact is in keeping with the observation, previously reported, that surface phagocytosis plays a critical role in the defense of the host, particularly during the earliest stages of experimental streptococcal infections. Its possible relation to suppuration during the later stages of infection is also discussed.

scholarly journals Isolation rates of Streptococcus pyogenes in patients with acute pharyngotonsillitis and among healthy school children in Iran

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. JASIR ◽  
A. NOORANI ◽  
A. MIRSALEHIAN ◽  
C. SCHALEN
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
School Children ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Type Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
Tehran Region ◽  
North Part ◽  
Group A

We examined three populations from the Tehran region and the North part of Iran (Gilan), in all more than 5000 individuals, for carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci; GAS). Children or adults with acute pharyngotonsillitis and healthy school children harboured GAS in 34·1, 20·0 and 21·0%, respectively. Typing of 421 randomly selected isolates showed a predominance of M-types M4, M5, M11, M12, as well as the provisional type 4245; however, many of the isolates were T and M non-typable. Forty-three percent of all strains were opacity factor (OF) negative. The type distribution differed markedly from that reported in 1973–4, when M types 1 and 12 were predominant.

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