scholarly journals Oral Clonidine in reduction of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A double blinded placebo controlled trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Sandip Bhandari ◽  
Madindra Basnet ◽  
Gentle Sunder Shrestha ◽  
Modh Nath Marhatta
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Oral Clonidine ◽  
Prophylactic Use ◽  
Post Operative Nausea ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: The common adverse effects of laparoscopic cholecystectomy include nausea and vomiting. Surgical pneumoperitoneum can stimulate vagal response and induce the release of various emetogenic substances such as 5-hydroxytryptamine and acetylcholine. We hypothesized that oral Clonidine administered preoperatively reduces the post operative nausea and vomiting following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methodology: In a randomized, double-blinded placebo controlled study, seventy patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were assigned to receive either oral Pyridoxine (placebo) or oral Clonidine 200?g 20-30 minutes before conduction of general anaesthesia. We assessed post operative nausea and vomiting and compared its incidence following laparoscopic cholecystectomy with prophylactic use of oral Clonidine or placebo. We also found out the requirements of rescue antiemetic medication (Ondansetron and Promethazine) for post operative nausea and vomiting after prophylactic use of oral Clonidine or Placebo.Results: Three patients in Clonidine group and 12 patients in Placebo group vomited in first two hours. Likewise, 11 and 22 patients vomited in Clonidine and Placebo group over 24 hours respectively. In group Clonidine, 18 patients had nausea in first two hours and 20 patients had nausea over 24 hours. In group Placebo, 33 patients developed nausea in first two hours and over 24 hours. Ten patients in Clonidine group and 19 patients in Placebo group required Ondansetron as rescue antiemetics over 24 hours.Conclusion: Oral Clonidine given pre-operative to patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy decrease the incidence of post operative nausea and vomiting.Journal of Society of Anesthesiologists 2014 1(2): 76-79

scholarly journals Post operative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: comparison of prophylactic effect of dexamethasone with ondansetron

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
M Younus Ali ◽  
Raihan Uddin ◽  
Amirul Islam ◽  
Mustafa Kamal ◽  
SM Rafiqul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Prophylactic Use ◽  
Group B ◽  
Post Operative Nausea

Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia are an unpleasant,distressing effects. Prophylactic use of dexamethesone reducing this effects. Objective This study was designed to compare of dexamethasone and ondansetron for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Sixty patients who underwent laparoscopic cholesystectomy were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A(n=30) patients received 8mg dexamehtasone intravenously and Group B(n=30) patients received 8mg ondansetron intravenously one minute before induction of anaesthesia. All patients received standard general anaesthesia.Perioperative vital signs and postoperative nausea and vomiting were recorded. Results The incidence of nausea was 13.4% in group A, 16.7% in group B(p>0.05) and vomiting was 6.6% in Group A, 13.4% in group B(p>0.05). The difference among the groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion Intravenous dexamethasone was better to ondansetron in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v24i2.19803 Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2011; 24(2): 60-64

scholarly journals Is Infusion of Subhypnotic Propofol as Effective as Dexamethasone in Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Related to Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy? A Randomized Controlled Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mine Celik ◽  
Aysenur Dostbil ◽  
Mehmet Aksoy ◽  
Ilker Ince ◽  
Ali Ahiskalioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group D

Background. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of common complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of subhypnotic (1 mg/kg/h) infusion of propofol with dexamethasone on PONV in patients undergoing LC.Methods. A total of 120 patients were included in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups; patients of group dexamethasone (group D) were administrated 8 mg dexamethasone before induction of anesthesia, patients of group propofol (group P) were infused to subhypnotic (1 mg/kg/h) propofol during operation and patients of group control (group C) were applied infusion of 10% intralipid. The incidence of PONV and needs for rescue analgesic and antiemetic were recorded in the first 24 h postoperatively.Results. In the 0–24 h, the incidence of PONV was significantly lower in the group D and group P compared with the group C (37.5%, 40%, and 72.5%, resp.). There was no significant difference in the incidence of PONV and use of antiemetics and analgesic between group D and group P.Conclusion. We concluded that infusion of propofol 1 mg/kg/h is as effective as dexamethasone for the prevention of PONV during the first 24 hours after anesthesia in patients undergoing LC.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Effect of Intraoperative Dextrose 10% Administration on Reducing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Laparoscopic Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Ashraf Nabil Saleh ◽  
Dalia Fahmy Emam ◽  
Mohamed Mohamed Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Medication Consumption

Background: Although PONV is usually self-limiting or is treated without sequelae, the incidence of PONV could be as high as 70% to 80% in high-risk populations such as female sex, obese patients, age younger than 40 years, nonsmoker patients, history of PONV or motion sickness. Objectives: The study aimed to investigate whether dextrose 10% decreases the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in female patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy Materials and Methods: This prospective, double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study comprised 130 ASA physical status I and II nonsmoker female patients, 20-40 years of age, scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Ain Sham University – Assembled operating theater from August 2018 to October 2018. Patients were arbitrarily divided into two study groups of 65 patients each. Group LR received lactated Ringer’s solution and group D received 10% dextrose. The primary objective of this study was to compare the incidence of PONV in the study treatment groups. The secondary outcomes included measurement of antiemetic medication consumption as well as blood glucose changes between groups. Results: 50 from a total of 65 participants (76.9%) in Lactated Ringer (LR) group experienced nausea. On the other hand, 30 participants only (46.2%) in dextrose (D) group were nauseated. This dissimilarity was statistically highly significant (P= 0.0003). Conclusion: In this study, dextrose 10% administration resulted in improved postoperative emesis management as explained by the lower incidence of nausea and rescue antiemetic consumption.

scholarly journals Ubiquinone Supplementation with 300 mg on Glycemic Control and Antioxidant Status in Athletes: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 823
Author(s):  
Chien-Chang Ho ◽  
Po-Sheng Chang ◽  
Hung-Wun Chen ◽  
Po-Fu Lee ◽  
Yun-Chi Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Glycemic Profile ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Double Blinded

The aim of this study is to investigate the glycemic profile, oxidative stress, and antioxidant capacity in athletes after 12 weeks of ubiquinone supplementation. It was a double-blinded, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled study. Thirty-one well-trained college athletes were randomly assigned to ubiquinone (300 mg/d, n = 17) or placebo group (n = 14). The glycemic profile [fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI)], plasma and erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and ubiquinone status were measured. After supplementation, the plasma ubiquinone concentration was significantly increased (p < 0.05) and the level of erythrocyte MDA was significantly lower in the ubiquinone group than in the placebo group (p < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between white blood cell (WBC) ubiquinone and glycemic parameters [HbA1c, r = −0.46, p < 0.05; HOMA-IR, r = −0.67, p < 0.01; QUICKI, r = 0.67, p < 0.01]. In addition, athletes with higher WBC ubiquinone level (≥0.5 nmol/g) showed higher erythrocyte TAC and QUICKI and lower HOMA-IR. In conclusion, we demonstrated that athletes may show a better antioxidant capacity with higher ubiquinone status after 12 weeks of supplementation, which may further improve glycemic control.

scholarly journals Acupuncture versus Usual Care for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Children after Tonsillectomy/Adenoidectomy: A Pragmatic, Multicentre, Double-Blinded, Randomised Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Liodden ◽  
Leiv Sandvik ◽  
Berit Taraldsen Valeberg ◽  
Einar Borud ◽  
Arne Johan Norheim
Keyword(s):  
Usual Care ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Placebo Effects ◽  
Expectancy Effects ◽  
Double Blinded

Objectives To investigate the effect of a standardised acupuncture on nausea and vomiting in children after tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy when possible placebo effects were precluded. Methods A pragmatic, multicentre, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial. The study was conducted over 10 months in 2012–2013 at three ambulatory clinics. Two hundred and eighty-two children, age 1–11 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade ≤II, were included. To equalise expectancy effects, all parents were told that their child would receive acupuncture. However, children were randomly allocated to perioperative bilateral needling acupuncture at PC6, depth 7 mm, mean time 17 min (SD 5–45) during anaesthesia plus usual care, or to usual care only. The regional ethics committee approved this approach. Primary endpoints were nausea and vomiting 24 h postoperatively. Results This study did not demonstrate any effect of acupuncture (95% CI) compared with standard care. The overall vomiting in the acupuncture and usual-care groups was 44.2% and 47.9%, respectively. Nausea was experienced by 31.7% in the acupuncture group and by 32.6% in the usual-care group. The test power was acceptable for comparisons of vomiting. Conclusions The findings suggest that when controlling for possible placebo effects standardised PC6 acupuncture needling during anaesthesia without further stimulation of PC6 is not effective in reducing nausea and vomiting in children after tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy. Future studies should investigate acupuncture treatment which balances adequate dose and technique and a feasible, child-friendly acupuncture treatment. Trial Registration Number ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01729052.

scholarly journals Olanzapine for the Prevention of Postdischarge Nausea and Vomiting after Ambulatory Surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 1419-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime B. Hyman ◽  
Chang Park ◽  
Hung-Mo Lin ◽  
Beatriz Cole ◽  
Leigh Rosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Ambulatory Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Severe Nausea ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Antiemetic Prophylaxis

Abstract Background Postdischarge nausea and vomiting after ambulatory surgery is a common problem that is not adequately addressed in current practice. This prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study was designed to test the hypothesis that oral olanzapine is superior to placebo at preventing postdischarge nausea and vomiting. Methods In a single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, the authors compared a single preoperative dose of olanzapine 10 mg to placebo, in adult female patients 50 years old or less, undergoing ambulatory gynecologic or plastic surgery with general anesthesia. All patients received standard antiemetic prophylaxis with dexamethasone and ondansetron. The primary composite outcome was nausea and/or vomiting in the 24 h after discharge. Secondary outcomes included severe nausea, vomiting, and side effects. Results A total of 140 patients were randomized and evaluable. The primary outcome occurred in 26 of 69 patients (38%) in the placebo group and in 10 of 71 patients (14%) in the olanzapine group (relative risk, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.72; P = 0.003). Severe nausea occurred in 14 patients (20%) in the placebo group and 4 patients (6%) in the olanzapine group (relative risk, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.80). Vomiting occurred in eight patients (12%) in the placebo group and two patients (3%) in the olanzapine group (relative risk, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.05 to 1.10). The median score for sedation (scale 0 to 10, with 10 being highest) in the 24 h after discharge was 4 (interquartile range, 2 to 7) in the placebo group and 6 (interquartile range, 3 to 8) in the olanzapine group (P = 0.023). Conclusions When combined with ondansetron and dexamethasone, the addition of olanzapine relative to placebo decreased the risk of nausea and/or vomiting in the 24 h after discharge from ambulatory surgery by about 60% with a slight increase in reported sedation. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New

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