scholarly journals Prevalence of White Spot Lesion in Nepalese Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Sandhya Shrestha ◽  
Rabindra Man Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
White Spot ◽  
P Value ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
White Spot Lesion ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Introduction: Enamel decalcification in the form of white spot lesion is a common complication seen in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Objective: To determine the prevalence of white spot lesion among Nepalese fixed orthodontic patients, to compare the occurrence of WSL among the patients with lesser and greater duration of treatment, and to compare between the gender groups. Materials & Method: A cross-sectional study was done to compare the prevalence of WSL between 300 orthodontic patients and 100 non-orthodontic subjects. Further comparison was done between the mean treatment duration between orthodontic subjects of 6-18 months and >18 months, and between male and female samples. Subjects were visually examined on second premolar to second premolar in both maxillary and mandibular arches using Gorelick’s WSL index. Descriptive statistics were calculated and independent t-test was used to compare the difference between the groups. The p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Result: The prevalence of WSL in Nepalese orthodontic patients was 54.3%; among them prevalence was 40% in lesser treatment duration group and 68.7% in greater treatment duration group. The study found significant difference between untreated nonorthodontic group and orthodontically treated group with respect to the number of teeth affected with WSL. Also, there was significant difference between the categories of orthodontic treatment duration. There was no significant difference between male and female samples. Conclusion: Fixed orthodontic treatment increase the risk of white spot lesion. Duration of orthodontic treatment also showed significant increase in the occurrence of WSL.  

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ENAMEL DECALCIFICATION IN ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
MUKESH KUMAR ◽  
Sommya Kumari ◽  
Ambuj Chandna ◽  
Dhirendra Pratap Singh ◽  
Rameshwar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
White Spot ◽  
P Value ◽  
White Spot Lesion ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Introduction: Enameldecalcification in the form of white spot lesion is a common complication seenin patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.Aims and Objective: To determine the prevalence of white spot lesionamongFixedorthodonticpatients,to compare the occurrence of WSL among the patients with lesser and greater duration of treatment, and to Fixed orthodontic compare between the gender groups.Materials & Method: A cross-sectional study was done to compare the prevalence of WSL between 300orthodontic patients and 100 non-orthodontic subjects. A further comparison was done between the meantreatment duration between orthodontic subjects of 6-18 months and >18 months, and between male and female samples. Subjects were visually examined on the second premolar to the second premolar in both maxillary andmandibulararchesusingGorelick'sWSL index. Descriptive statistics were calculated and independent t-test was used to compare the difference between the groups. The p-value <0.05 was considered significant.Result: The prevalence of WSL in orthodontic patients was 54.3%; among them, the prevalence was 40% inlesser treatment duration group and 68.7% in greater treatment duration group. The study found a significantdifference between the untreated non-orthodontic group and orthodontically treated group with respect to thenumber of teeth affected with WSL. Also, there was a significant difference between the categories oforthodontic treatment duration. There was no significant difference between male and female samples.Conclusion: Fixed orthodontic treatment increase the risk of white spot lesion. Duration of orthodontictreatment also showed a significant increase in the occurrence of WSL.

scholarly journals Self-Reported Changes in Oral Hygiene Habits among Adolescents Receiving Orthodontic Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Petrauskiene ◽  
Natalia Wanczewska ◽  
Egle Slabsinskiene ◽  
Gintare Zemgulyte
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Oral Hygiene Habits

The prevalence of malocclusion and a need for orthodontic treatment is high. Orthodontic appliances increase biofilm accumulation by expanding plaque retention sites. The aim of this study was to investigate the self-reported changes in oral hygiene habits among adolescents receiving orthodontic treatment. A cross-sectional study of 291 patients aged 10–17 years (mean (M) = 12.98; standard deviation (SD) = 2.36) was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics, Lithuanian University of Medical Sciences (LSMU) Hospital (Kaunas, Lithuania) during the fall semester (October–January) of the 2017/2018 study year. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire covered background information, experience of orthodontic treatment, oral hygiene habits and the seeking of professional dental care. Statistical data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. To establish relationships between categorical variables, Chi-squared tests (χ2) were used. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was set to indicate statistically significant difference. The univariate logistic regression analysis evaluated the probability of an event given a certain risk indicator, including odds ratio (OR) and its confidence interval (95% CI). Associations were found between the usage of auxiliary measures (OR = 1.797 (1.118–2.887), p = 0.015), tongue cleaning (OR = 1.712 (1.059–2.767), p = 0.028), mouth rinsing after meals (OR = 1.707 (1.048–2.781), p = 0.032) and experience of orthodontic treatment, respectively. More orthodontic patients underwent professional oral hygiene regularly than non-orthodontic patients (p = 0.024). More patients with fixed orthodontic appliances reported significantly changed oral hygiene habits, while more orthodontic patients with removable appliances did not change their oral hygiene habits.

Oral Hygiene Status among Orthodontic Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatin Awartani ◽  
Farhad Atassi
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Dental Hygienist ◽  
Maintenance Program ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral hygiene status of patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods and Materials The following indices were used to evaluate the oral hygiene status of patients in orthodontic treatment: gingival bleeding index (GBI), plaque index (PI), and ortho-plaque index (OPI). A self-administrated questionnaire was prepared covering oral hygiene practice, oral hygiene cleaning aids, and number of visits to a dental hygienist. Results Fifty patients (15–30 years old) were selected for the study from among the orthodontic patients treated at the King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results showed that the PI and OPI were high with mean scores of 65.24 (SD 16.43) and 53.56 (SD 8.74) respectively, while the average GBI was a much lower value at 19.14 (SD 7.95). No significant difference was observed between male and female patients for the PI (p=0.925) and for the OPI (p=0.072), but a significant difference was observed for the GBI at the 5 percent significance level (p=0.033). The result of OPI showed that 20 (40 percent) of the patients had fair oral hygiene, whereas 30 (60 percent) had poor oral hygiene. Only 16 (32 percent) of the participants reported visiting the dental hygienist during their orthodontic treatment, while the remaining 34 (68 percent) did not. Conclusion The oral home care of the orthodontic patients surveyed was not at an optimal level, which indicated the need to establish an oral hygiene maintenance program. Clinical Significance Inadequate oral home care among orthodontic patients may make them more prone to develop gingivitis during orthodontic treatment. It is, therefore, essential that oral hygiene instructions and a hygiene maintenance program not be overlooked during orthodontic treatment. Citation Atassi F, Awartani F. Oral Hygiene Status among Orthodontic Patients. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):025-032. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/volume11-issue4-atassi

scholarly journals Effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on nonmicrobial salivary parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 806-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis P. Zogakis ◽  
Erez Koren ◽  
Shlomit Gorelik ◽  
Isaac Ginsburg ◽  
Miriam Shalish
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ph Decrease

ABSTRACT Objectives: To examine possible changes in the levels of salivary antioxidants, C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, pH, proteins, and blood in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: Salivary samples from 21 orthodontic patients who met specific inclusion criteria were collected before the beginning of orthodontic treatment (T0; baseline), 1 hour after bonding (T1), and 4–6 weeks after bonding (T2). Oxidant-scavenging ability (OSA) was quantified using a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. Cortisol and CRP levels were measured using immunoassay kits. pH levels and presence of proteins and blood in the samples were quantified using strip-based tests. Results: A significant decrease in salivary pH was observed after bonding (P = .013). An increase in oxidant-scavenging abilities during orthodontic treatment was detected, but the change was not statistically significant. Cortisol and CRP levels slightly increased after bonding, but the difference was small without statistical significance. Changes in the presence of proteins and blood were also insignificant. Conclusions: Exposure to fixed orthodontic appliances did not show a significant effect on salivary parameters related to inflammation or stress, with the exception of a significant but transient pH decrease after bonding.

Salivary Sodium and Potassium Concentrations in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Esfehani ◽  
Bahareh Mohammad Zahraiee ◽  
Sepideh Arab ◽  
Fatemeh Hajmanoochehri ◽  
Mohammadtaghi Vatandoust
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Control Study

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess salivary sodium and potassium concentrations in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods: In this case-control study, saliva samples (5 cc) were collected from 13 patients with fixed orthodontic appliances before, and 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after the beginning of the orthodontic treatment using the spitting method. Saliva samples were also collected from 10 healthy individuals as controls. The saliva samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes and the salivary sodium and potassium concentrations were measured by spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using independent and paired t-tests. P-value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The salivary sodium and potassium concentrations were almost the same in both groups at baseline (P > 0.05). A significant reduction in sodium and an increase in potassium levels were noted in the case group at 1 week compared with baseline (P < 0.001). At 1 week, the potassium concentration was significantly higher and the sodium concentration was significantly lower in the case group (P < 0.01). The salivary sodium significantly increased while the salivary potassium significantly decreased at 1 month compared with 1 week (P < 0.001). The differences with the control group were also significant (P < 0.05). No significant differences were noted between the two groups at 3 months (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Time has a significant effect on the release profile of sodium and potassium ions from orthodontic appliances. The salivary sodium and potassium concentrations returned to their normal pretreatment values within 3 months after the start of fixed orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health: A retrospective study

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Boke ◽  
Cagri Gazioglu ◽  
Sevil Akkaya ◽  
Murat Akkaya
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health. Materials and Methods: A total of 251 patients among whom 177 were girls and 74 were boys, recruited from the records pool of the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gazi, were included in the study. Patients’ treatments have been completed by postgraduate students during the period between 2006 and 2012. Patients’ folders were analyzed according to their age, treatment time, and the type of orthodontic treatment. Intra-oral photographs were analyzed, and the presence or absence of visible plaque, visible inflammation, and gingival recession were recorded, and incisor inclinations analyzed on lateral cephalometric films, before and after orthodontic treatment. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in patients treated with functional appliances before and after treatment. In patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances, visible plaque, visible inflammation, and gingival recession showed significant increases after treatment, gingival biotype did not show any significant difference. Positive correlation was found between lower incisor position and gingival recession in patients treated with fixed appliance and extraction. And also cuspids were the teeth with the highest prevalence of gingival recession. Conclusion: Considering the relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health, cooperation among patients, orthodontists, and periodontists is important.

scholarly journals The effect of fixed orthodontic treatment with Edgewise and Straightwire techniques on white spot lesions incidence and accumulation of Streptococcus mutans bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Elfira Maharani ◽  
Dyah Karunia ◽  
Pinandi Sri Pudyani
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Least Square ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Insignificant Difference

Background: Fixed orthodontic appliances, such as Edgewise and Straightwire techniques, can increase the amount of plaque retention containing Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), which can lead to white spot lesions. Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyse the correlation of fixed orthodontic treatment with Edgewise and Straightwire techniques on the incidence of white spot lesions and accumulation of S. mutans. Methods: The samples consisted of three groups: control group (n=8), Edgewise technique group, and Straightwire technique group. We observed the samples at the sixth month and eighth month of the treatment, after the installation of the fixed orthodontic appliances. The observation of white spot lesions with caries detector was applied in all regions. Bacterial swabs were acquired in the lateral incisor region, then a bacterial culture procedure was carried out on selective media of S. mutans, and then a bacterial count was performed. The data was analysed using two-way ANOVA, the post-hoc least square differences test, and the Pearson’s correlation test. Results: The number of white spot lesions in the Edgewise group was higher than in the Straightwire group in the sixth and eighth month of treatment with insignificant difference (p>0.05). The number of S. mutans bacteria increased in all groups, but there were no significant differences (p>0.05). There was no significant relationship between the number of white spot lesions with the accumulation of S. mutans between groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The Edgewise and Straightwire techniques increase the incidence of white spot lesions but accumulation of S. mutans with the incidence of white spot lesions has no relationship.

scholarly journals Clinical and Microbiological Evaluation of Stabilised Periodontal Patients Undergoing Early Stage of Orthodontic Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Asma Alhusna Abang Abdullah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Orthodontic treatment may affect the equilibrium of oral microbiota which plays a major role in aetiology of periodontal disease. This prospective clinical study aimed to assess the periodontal health and microbiological profile of healthy (Group 1) and stabilised periodontal (Group 2) patients throughout three months of orthodontic treatment. Upper and lower fixed orthodontic appliances were bonded. Periodontal health was assessed using plaque score (PS), bleeding on probing (BOP) and pocket depth (PD). 29 sites were taken for subgingival plaque sampling. Plaque samples were inoculated on Trypticase Soy Blood Agar (TSBA) and Trypticase Soy Bacitracin Vancomycin (TSBV) agar for assessment of aerobe, anaerobe, black pigmented bacteria (BPB) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. All the measurements were taken before bonding (T0), 1 week (T1), 1 month (T2) and 3 months post-bonding (T3). Generally, periodontal health in both groups were almost similar. After 1 week, the number of aerobes was significantly higher in Group 1 (88%) while the anaerobes were significantly higher in Group 2 (45%). A. actinomycetemcomitans was higher in Group 1 at T0 and T1 but was significantly higher in Group 2 at T3. BPB was minimal at all time with no significant difference. Thus, during the first 3-month of orthodontic treatment, there were significant changes in the number of aerobes-anaerobes in both healthy and stabilised periodontal patients. Pathogenic bacteria would increase during early treatment of orthodontics.

scholarly journals Anticipated Pain and Pain Experience Among Orthodontic Patients: Is there any Difference?

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dashrath Kafle ◽  
A Rajbhandari
Keyword(s):  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Painful Procedure ◽  
Pain Experience ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perceived Pain ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Background Orthodontic treatment is taken as a painful procedure by most of the patients. The pain can be experienced during different procedures like separator placement, banding, bonding, extraction as well as arch wire activation and debonding. There are very few studies done on the anticipated pain and pain experienced among mentioned orthodontic procedures. Objectives To compare the anticipated pain and pain experience among the patients going for comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Methods Total 45 patients going for comprehensive orthodontic therapy are enrolled into the study. They are given a 100mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain. The anticipated pain as well as perceived pain after different orthodontic procedures are recorded on the VAS by patients and returned back to orthodontic office. The data are analyzed by SPSS 16.00 software by paired and independent t-test for the statistical significance. Results The result showed that there is significant difference between the anticipated pain before orthodontic treatment and the pain experienced following orthodontic treatment. It also showed that perception of pain between two sexes is significantly different. The comparison of anticipated pain among male and female does not show any significant difference, however the pain felt after separator placement as well as after orthodontic bonding is significantly different in two sexes. Conclusion The level of anticipated pain before orthodontic treatment is higher than the real pain experienced after orthodontic procedures. So it is better to counsel and explain the patients about the orthodontic treatment and procedures. Kathmandu University Medical Journal | Vol.10 | No. 2 | Issue 38 | Apr – June 2012 | Page 71-73 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i2.7348

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