scholarly journals Anticipated Pain and Pain Experience Among Orthodontic Patients: Is there any Difference?

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dashrath Kafle ◽  
A Rajbhandari
Keyword(s):  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Painful Procedure ◽  
Pain Experience ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perceived Pain ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Background Orthodontic treatment is taken as a painful procedure by most of the patients. The pain can be experienced during different procedures like separator placement, banding, bonding, extraction as well as arch wire activation and debonding. There are very few studies done on the anticipated pain and pain experienced among mentioned orthodontic procedures. Objectives To compare the anticipated pain and pain experience among the patients going for comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Methods Total 45 patients going for comprehensive orthodontic therapy are enrolled into the study. They are given a 100mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain. The anticipated pain as well as perceived pain after different orthodontic procedures are recorded on the VAS by patients and returned back to orthodontic office. The data are analyzed by SPSS 16.00 software by paired and independent t-test for the statistical significance. Results The result showed that there is significant difference between the anticipated pain before orthodontic treatment and the pain experienced following orthodontic treatment. It also showed that perception of pain between two sexes is significantly different. The comparison of anticipated pain among male and female does not show any significant difference, however the pain felt after separator placement as well as after orthodontic bonding is significantly different in two sexes. Conclusion The level of anticipated pain before orthodontic treatment is higher than the real pain experienced after orthodontic procedures. So it is better to counsel and explain the patients about the orthodontic treatment and procedures. Kathmandu University Medical Journal | Vol.10 | No. 2 | Issue 38 | Apr – June 2012 | Page 71-73 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i2.7348

scholarly journals Prevalence of White Spot Lesion in Nepalese Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Sandhya Shrestha ◽  
Rabindra Man Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
White Spot ◽  
P Value ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
White Spot Lesion ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Introduction: Enamel decalcification in the form of white spot lesion is a common complication seen in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Objective: To determine the prevalence of white spot lesion among Nepalese fixed orthodontic patients, to compare the occurrence of WSL among the patients with lesser and greater duration of treatment, and to compare between the gender groups. Materials & Method: A cross-sectional study was done to compare the prevalence of WSL between 300 orthodontic patients and 100 non-orthodontic subjects. Further comparison was done between the mean treatment duration between orthodontic subjects of 6-18 months and >18 months, and between male and female samples. Subjects were visually examined on second premolar to second premolar in both maxillary and mandibular arches using Gorelick’s WSL index. Descriptive statistics were calculated and independent t-test was used to compare the difference between the groups. The p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Result: The prevalence of WSL in Nepalese orthodontic patients was 54.3%; among them prevalence was 40% in lesser treatment duration group and 68.7% in greater treatment duration group. The study found significant difference between untreated nonorthodontic group and orthodontically treated group with respect to the number of teeth affected with WSL. Also, there was significant difference between the categories of orthodontic treatment duration. There was no significant difference between male and female samples. Conclusion: Fixed orthodontic treatment increase the risk of white spot lesion. Duration of orthodontic treatment also showed significant increase in the occurrence of WSL.  

scholarly journals Pain in Separation of the Molars among the Orthodontic patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Pushkar Manandhar ◽  
Anjana Rajbhandari ◽  
Resina Pradhan ◽  
Manju Bajracharya ◽  
Surendra Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Palatal Expansion ◽  
Rapid Palatal Expansion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perceived Pain ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Spring Type ◽  
Orthodontic Separators

Introduction: Pain has been the most common and foremost reason for discontinuing the orthodontic treatment. The patients usually experience pain in Orthodontic treatment during separator placement, wire placement, headgear wear, and rapid palatal expansion. Placement of orthodontic separators (brass wire, elastomeric, spring-type steel separators, and latex elastics) results in a painful experience. Therefore the purpose of the study is to assess the pain perception among the patients seeking orthodontic treatment. Methods: This study was carried out amongst 120 (53 male and 67 female) patients seeking orthodontic treatment. Elastomeric separators were placed mesially and distally to the first molars and the participants were given a self-administrated Universal pain assessment Tool to document perceived pain and pain upon chewing, using a visual analog scale for seven days. Total scores were calculated and descriptive statistics in the form of a number (mean) and percentage were calculated. Results: This study showed a mean score for perceived pain of each day to be 7.16, 7.1, 6.05, 4.67, 3.69, 2.88, and 2.27 respectively with a mean of 4.831 +/- 1.273. Similarly, the mean score for pain on chewing was 8.21, 7.53, 6.62, 5.19, 4.38, 3.65, and 3 with a mean of 5.5119 +/- 1.269. Conclusions: There was a significant difference in pain perception among the male and female participants, females having higher pain perception. There was a significant difference in pain perception between the Adolescent and Adult in both normal life and during eating.

scholarly journals Effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on nonmicrobial salivary parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 806-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis P. Zogakis ◽  
Erez Koren ◽  
Shlomit Gorelik ◽  
Isaac Ginsburg ◽  
Miriam Shalish
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ph Decrease

ABSTRACT Objectives: To examine possible changes in the levels of salivary antioxidants, C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, pH, proteins, and blood in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: Salivary samples from 21 orthodontic patients who met specific inclusion criteria were collected before the beginning of orthodontic treatment (T0; baseline), 1 hour after bonding (T1), and 4–6 weeks after bonding (T2). Oxidant-scavenging ability (OSA) was quantified using a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. Cortisol and CRP levels were measured using immunoassay kits. pH levels and presence of proteins and blood in the samples were quantified using strip-based tests. Results: A significant decrease in salivary pH was observed after bonding (P = .013). An increase in oxidant-scavenging abilities during orthodontic treatment was detected, but the change was not statistically significant. Cortisol and CRP levels slightly increased after bonding, but the difference was small without statistical significance. Changes in the presence of proteins and blood were also insignificant. Conclusions: Exposure to fixed orthodontic appliances did not show a significant effect on salivary parameters related to inflammation or stress, with the exception of a significant but transient pH decrease after bonding.

scholarly journals Effects of rapid maxillary expansion on nasal mucociliary clearance

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-254
Author(s):  
Hasan Babacan ◽  
Cenk Doruk ◽  
Ismail Onder Uysal ◽  
Salim Yuce
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate the changes in nasal mucociliary clearance in orthodontic patients after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) therapy. Materials and Methods:  Forty-two children (25 boys and 17 girls) participated in this study. The RME group consisted of 21 patients (mean age, 13.8 years), who had undergone RME at the initiation of orthodontic treatment. The control group consisted of 21 subjects (mean age, 13.6 years), who were attending the department of orthodontics for active orthodontic treatment. The nasal mucociliary clearance was assessed by the saccharin test. Saccharin transit times (STTs) were measured for each treated subject before expansion (T1), after RME (T2), and after a 3-month retention period (T3). Records were obtained at the same time intervals for each group. Results:  The STT decreased significantly in the RME group after expansion and retention (P &lt; .05). A statistically significant difference was found when the STTs of the control and RME groups were compared after expansion and retention (P &lt; .05). Conclusions:  The STTs of young orthodontic patients with maxillary narrowness and without any history of nasal or systemic disease were within normal limits. However, RME increased the mucociliary clearance in patients who had maxillary narrowness, having positive effects on nasal physiology and increasing nasal cavity volume.

scholarly journals Management of the Medically Compromised Cases in Orthodontic Practice

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gowri Sankar Singaraju ◽  
Venkataramana Vannala ◽  
Raja Sigamani K ◽  
Kolasani Srinivasa Rao ◽  
Irfan Adil
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Slight Modification ◽  
Absolute Contraindication ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Orthodontic therapy is no longer restricted only for healthy patients. With the better management of serious medical problems and increased quality of life expectations, medically compromised individuals are now regular visitors to the orthodontic clinics in every part of the world. As such, there is no absolute contraindication of orthodontic treatment in most of these conditions. A slight modification of the normal orthodontic treatment protocol is obligatory in such patients according to their medical condition. This article reviews and suggests the orthodontic treatment protocol for some common medical conditions. Key Words: Medically Compromised; Orthodontic patients; Treatment protocol DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i2.2937Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 1 (2010) 68-74

scholarly journals PATIENT AND PARENT MOTIVATION FOR ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT AND AGREEMENT BETWEEN ORTHODONTIST, PARENT, PATIENT PERCEPTION USING IOTN AC

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Donata Petronytė ◽  
Giedrė Trakinienė
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Motivating Factor

Objectives. Key motivating factors for getting an orthodontic consultation of orthodontic patients up to 18 years old together with their parents, as well as fears, relating to orthodontic treatment, were evaluated during the research study. A subjective evaluation of aesthetic component was performed by parents, children and the orthodontist. Material and Methods. After obtaining the permit of the Bioethics Centre (No. BEC- OF- 804) in LSMUL KK Orthodontic clinic, patients and parents, who came to the initial consultation, were interviewed. Patients and parents were selected by a random sampling. Research subjects received 2 separate questionnaires, which were filled in by patient himself, his parents. Furthermore, the aesthetic component of the patient was evaluated by the patient, his parents and the examiner. Data analysis was performed using a statistical SPSS 22 package. Significance level 0.05 was chosen. Results. Key motivating factor for orthodontic treatment was aesthetic in the group of patients and parents. The majority of children and parents, who took part in the research, do not have any fears relating to orthodontic treatment. Patients appear to evaluate condition of their teeth more positively than their parents (p<0.05). Both parents and children evaluate condition of teeth more positively than the examiner (p<0.05). Conclusions. The aesthetic factor remains the most important motivation for orthodontic treatment; there is usually no fear, relating to orthodontic treatment, present at the beginning of the treatment. There is a significant difference of subjective aesthetic evaluation of teeth condition between subjects and the orthodontist.

The effectiveness of supplemental vibrational force on enhancing orthodontic treatment. A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 502-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxiao Lyu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Shujuan Zou
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Pain Experience ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Summary Background and objectives The results from the literature regarding the influence of supplemental vibrational forces (SVFs) on orthodontic treatment are controversial. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate whether SVFs have positive effects, such as in accelerating tooth movement, alleviating pain, and preventing root resorption, in orthodontic patients. Search methods Searches through five electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central) were complemented by hand searches up to January, 2019. Selection criteria Randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials reporting on the effects of SVFs in orthodontic patients in English were included. Data collection and analysis Study selection, data extraction, and a risk of bias assessment were independently performed by two reviewers. Study characteristics and outcomes were reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. A qualitative analysis of the effects of SVFs on orthodontic tooth movement, pain experience, and root resorption was conducted. Results Thirteen studies, including nine clinical trials, were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review. There was no significant evidence to support the positive effects of SVFs in orthodontic patients, neither in accelerating tooth movement nor in alleviating pain experience. According to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria, the quality of the evidence was very low for all the outcomes in the qualitative analysis. Limitations The results of this systematic review are based on a limited number of studies and the methodological heterogeneity and non-comparability of original outcomes made it difficult to conduct a meta-analysis. Conclusions There is insufficient evidence to support the claim that SVFs have positive clinical advantages in the alignment of the anterior teeth. The potential positive effects of vibrational forces on space closure, pain experience, and root resorption in orthodontic patients are inconclusive with no sufficient information at present. High-quality clinical trials with larger sample sizes are needed to find more comprehensive evidence of the potential positive effects of vibrational forces. Registration The protocol for this systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018098788). Funding This study has not received any contributions from private or public funding agencies. Conflict of Interest None.

scholarly journals 1194. Gender Differences in Psychosocial Determinants of Hand Hygiene Among Doctors

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S428-S428
Author(s):  
Sunghee Park ◽  
Eunjung Lee ◽  
Se Yoon Park ◽  
Eunyoung Lee ◽  
Jung-wan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Internal Motivation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Background Hand hygiene (HH) is essential in the prevention of hospital-acquired infections. It is known that there are differences in the compliance of HH between men and women but the reason for this phenomenon is unclear. Methods A survey on HH was conducted in July 2018 among healthcare workers at four different referral hospitals in South Korea. The differences between male and female doctors were then analyzed. The survey included a structured questionnaire with seven parts: (1) self-assessment of HH execution rate, knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding HH, (2) internal motivation for better HH, (3) obstacles for HH, (4) emotional motivation, (5) the need for external supervision, (6) preference for alcohol gel, and (7) embarrassment due to supervision. Results Of the 1046 healthcare workers that replied to the survey, 201 (19.2%) were doctors, and of these, 129 (63.5%) were men. There was no significant difference between male and female doctors on the questionnaire related to knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding HH. On the questions regarding internal motivation for better HH, male doctors had a higher tendency to agree that “I would be better at HH if it was related to getting a promotion,” but the results were statistically insignificant (5.08 vs. 4.69, P = 0.08). For the 14 questions about the obstacles for HH, the following five categories showed significantly higher results in men: (1) HH is difficult in emergency situations (4.87 vs. 4.51, P = 0.02), (2) time that could be spent on something more important is wasted on HH (3.12 vs. 2.67, P = 0.008), (3) HH is not a habit (3.26 vs. 2.58, P = 0.002), (4) I often forget about HH situations (3.60 vs. 2.89, P = 0.002), and (5) I do not perform HH because there is no disadvantage when I do not perform it (3.06 vs. 2.42, P = 0.008). In the category “HH causes pain and dryness of hands,” female doctors had a significantly higher tendency to agree (3.62 vs. 4.32, P = 0.003). Among the questions regarding emotional motivation, women had a higher tendency to agree that “Seeing a fellow employee perform bad HH angers me,” but there was no statistical significance (3.73 vs. 4.10, P = 0.07). Conclusion There was a significant difference between male and female doctors regarding obstacles for HH. A campaign for HH based on these results could be helpful for increasing HH compliance. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Palatal Rugoscopy among Puducherry Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sathish Kumar ◽  
N Balaji ◽  
V Shanthi ◽  
MK Sumathi ◽  
Priya Vendhan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Human Identification ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Circular Pattern ◽  
Palatal Rugae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Background Human identification is one of the most challenging subjects that man has been confronted with. The fingerprints and DNA comparison are the most commonly used techniques in human identification. Palatoscopy is one of the recently developing methods to identify a victim-based on the palatal rugae pattern. Aims and objectives The aim of the study was to analyze the different rugae pattern in Puducherry population and to find whether palatoscopy is a useful tool in human identification and sex determination. Materials and methods The studies consist of 100 male and female patients between the age group of 20 to 35 years. The rugae pattern was divided assessed based on Kotze classification. Chi-square test and one-way analysis was used to study the statistical significance. Results Wavy pattern appeared to be the most predominant pattern followed by curved, straight, branched and circular pattern in both male and female patients. The shape and number of rugae pattern is similar in male and females. Conclusion The present study concludes that wavy pattern appear to be most common rugae pattern among Puducherry population. No significant difference in rugae pattern was noted among the male and female group. Rugae pattern is unique to each individual and can be an effective tool in human identification. How to cite this article Kumar S, Vezhavendhan N, Shanthi V, Balaji N, Sumathi MK, Vendhan P. Palatal Rugoscopy among Puducherry Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(3): 401-404.

scholarly journals Comparison of Treatment Response before and after Antiobsessivae Therapy among Psychiatric Patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Mohan Belbase ◽  
Jyoti Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Response ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Obsessive compulsive disorder is a common, chronic and disabling disorder marked by obsessions and/or compulsions. This study tries to find the demographic profiles, severity and response of antiobsessive drugs in young and adult patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. Aims: To study the socio-demographic profile, severity and treatment response to commonly used antiobsessive medications in male and female, and young and adults. Methods: This is a hospital based experimental study done in patients attending to psychiatry out-patient department over one year from February 2020 to January 2021.  Diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder was made based on International Classification of Disease- 10 criteria for research. Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale check list (adult and children) was applied in those patients and recorded accordingly on baseline (week 0) and patients were treated with specific serotonin reuptake inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants in therapeutic doses for 6 weeks. On follow up at week 6, they were again reassessed and the scores were recorded and analyzed. Results: Among the total study subject (N-52), 26(50 %) were male and 26(50 %) were females. Patients in age bracket 20-29 is the most common age group representing 18(34.6 %). Mean age of patients is 30.36±11.93 years (28.65±9.80 in male and 32.04±13.73 in female). Severe form of obsessive compulsive disorder was the most common type that represent 33(63.5%) followed by moderate 16(30.8%) and extreme 3(5.7%). There is a difference of treatment response of antiobsessive therapy in male and female with statistical significance (p= 0.039). Conclusion: This study shows that obsessive compulsive disorder is most commonly found in 20-29 age group and the severe type is the most common. There is a significant difference in treatment response of antiobsessive therapy in male and female.

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