scholarly journals Rainfall-Runoff Modelling of the West Rapti Basin, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Bibek Thapa ◽  
Anusha Danegulu ◽  
Naresh Suwal ◽  
Surabhi Upadhyay ◽  
Bikesh Manandhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
The West ◽  
Us Army

A hydrological model helps in understanding, predicting, and managing water resources. The HEC-HMS (Centre for Hydrological Engineering - Hydrological Modelling Systems, US Army Corps of Engineers) is one of the hydrological models used to simulate rainfall-runoff and routing processes in diverse geographical areas. In this study, a semi-distributed hydrological model was developed using HEC-HMS for the West-Rapti river basin. The model was calibrated and validated at each outlet of sub-basins and used to simulate the outflow of each sub-basins of the West Rapti river basin. A total of eight rain gauge stations, five meteorological stations, and three hydrological stations, within the basin, were used. The simulated results closely matched the observed flows at the three gauging stations. The Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency indicated the good model performance of the simulated streamflow with the observed flow at two stations and satisfactory model fit at one station. The performance based on percentage bias and root mean square error was good. This model provides a reference to study water balance, water resource management, and flooding control of the West Rapti basin and can be replicated in other basins.

scholarly journals Hydrological calibration and validation of the MGB-IPH model for water resource management in the upper Teles Pires River basin in the Amazon-Cerrado ecotone in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riene Filgueiras de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Cornélio Alberto ZOLIN ◽  
Daniel de Castro VICTORIA ◽  
Tarcio Rocha LOPES ◽  
Laurimar Gonçalves VENDRUSCULO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Mato Grosso

ABSTRACT The upper Teles Pires River basin is located in the Brazilian agriculture frontier in the north of Mato Grosso state and has experienced significant changes in land use and cover, which can cause major changes in its hydrological dynamics. Climatic and hydrologic data are scarce in the region, which poses uncertainties in the decision-making process aiming at the sustainable management of water resources in this strategic area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Large-Scale Distributed Hydrological Model (MGB-IPH) to assess water availability of the upper Teles Pires basin and support water resource management in the Amazon-Cerrado ecotone. The MGB-IPH model was calibrated and validated using data from three streamflow stations available in the basin. In order to verify the model performance, the Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) and the PBIAS statistical parameters were applied. Our results show that, by using the MGB-IPH model with generally available data, the maximum and minimum flow regimes can be successfully assessed in the upper Teles Pires basin. The continuity curves of daily flow simulated by the model showed a good fit with the observed flow. Overall, the results demonstrated the applicability of the MGB-IPH model for water resource assessment and management in the basin.

scholarly journals Improving the Distributed Hydrological Model Performance in Upper Huai River Basin: Using Streamflow Observations to Update the Basin States via the Ensemble Kalman Filter

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwei Liu ◽  
Wen Wang ◽  
Yiming Hu ◽  
Wei Cui
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Ensemble Kalman Filter ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Huai River Basin ◽  
Huai River

This study investigates the capability of improving the distributed hydrological model performance by assimilating the streamflow observations. Incorrectly estimated model states will lead to discrepancies between the observed and estimated streamflow. Consequently, streamflow observations can be used to update the model states, and the improved model states will eventually benefit the streamflow predictions. This study tests this concept in upper Huai River basin. We assimilate the streamflow observations sequentially into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) using the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) to update the model states. Both synthetic experiments and real data application are used to demonstrate the benefit of this data assimilation scheme. The experiment shows that assimilating the streamflow observations at interior sites significantly improves the streamflow predictions for the whole basin. Assimilating the catchment outlet streamflow improves the streamflow predictions near the catchment outlet. In real data case, the estimated streamflow at the catchment outlet is significantly improved by assimilating the in situ streamflow measurements at interior gauges. Assimilating the in situ catchment outlet streamflow also improves the streamflow prediction of one interior location on the main reach. This may demonstrate that updating model states using streamflow observations can constrain the flux estimates in distributed hydrological modeling.

Research on SCS-CN in Lanhe Basin Distributed Rainfall Runoff Event

2011 ◽  
Vol 105-107 ◽  
pp. 1476-1479
Author(s):  
Mei Yang ◽  
Xi Huan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Network Flow ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Dimensionless Unit ◽  
Actual Measure ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
Scs Cn ◽  
Small Basin

Based on the data from Basin hydrology, weather, runoff, land use, soil, DEM and with ARCGIS9.0 and WMS7.0 applications, SCS small basin hydrological model can be applied in Lanhe basin Distributed Hydrological Model. Within each sub-unit, net rainfall can be calculated with SCS-CN, and conflux using SCS dimensionless unit hydrograph, while river network flow concentration using subsection Muskingum method. By conducting the simulation of distributed rainfall runoff where measured runoff value are selected from 20 historical flood, the results indicate there are 14 values that are effective and the ratio comes to 70 percent. And there are 11 effective values after conflux test to the 14 floods where the ratio comes to 80 percent. The process of calculating runoff matches well with actual measure which indicates that the Distributed Hydrological Model is a scientific and precise model and can be applied to basin water flood forecast and water resource management.

scholarly journals Simulating the regional water balance through hydrological model based on TRMM satellite rainfall data

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2497-2525 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Li ◽  
X. Ding ◽  
J. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Runoff Simulation ◽  
Hydrological Simulation

Abstract. Spatial rainfall is a key input to Distributed Hydrological Models, which is the most important limitation for the accuracy of hydrological models. Model performance and uncertainty could increase when rain gauge is sparse. Satellite-based precipitation products would be an alternative to ground-based rainfall estimates in present and the foreseeable future, however, it is necessary to evaluate the products before further implication. The objective of this paper is to provide assessments of: (a) the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) rainfall product using gauge data, (b) the TRMM rainfall as forcing data for hydrological simulation, and (c) the role of satellite data in calculating water balance and water management. TRMM rainfall data show reasonable performances at monthly and annual scales, fitting well with surface observation-based histogram of precipitation. Satisfactory performances in monthly runoff simulation (NS = 0.50 ~ 0.70, R2 = 0.73 ~ 0.85) observed in our study indicate that the TRMM rainfall data have potential applications in driving hydrological model, water balance analysis, and basin water resource management in developing countries or remote locations, where precipitation gauges are scare.

scholarly journals SHETRAN and HEC HMS Model Evaluation for Runoff and Soil Moisture Simulation in the Jičinka River Catchment (Czech Republic)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Vesna Đukić ◽  
Ranka Erić
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Hydrological Variable ◽  
Model Structures

Due to the improvement of computation power, in recent decades considerable progress has been made in the development of complex hydrological models. On the other hand, simple conceptual models have also been advanced. Previous studies on rainfall–runoff models have shown that model performance depends very much on the model structure. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the use of a complex hydrological model leads to more accurate results or not and to analyze whether some model structures are more efficient than others. Different configurations of the two models of different complexity, the Système Hydrologique Européen TRANsport (SHETRAN) and Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS), were compared and evaluated in simulating flash flood runoff for the small (75.9 km2) Jičinka River catchment in the Czech Republic. The two models were compared with respect to runoff simulations at the catchment outlet and soil moisture simulations within the catchment. The results indicate that the more complex SHETRAN model outperforms the simpler HEC HMS model in case of runoff, but not for soil moisture. It can be concluded that the models with higher complexity do not necessarily provide better model performance, and that the reliability of hydrological model simulations can vary depending on the hydrological variable under consideration.

scholarly journals Inverse distributed hydrological modelling of Alpine catchments

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kunstmann ◽  
J. Krause ◽  
S. Mayr
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Nonlinear Parameter ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Nonlinear Parameter Estimation ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Physically Based

Abstract. Even in physically based distributed hydrological models, various remaining parameters must be estimated for each sub-catchment. This can involve tremendous effort, especially when the number of sub-catchments is large and the applied hydrological model is computationally expensive. Automatic parameter estimation tools can significantly facilitate the calibration process. Hence, we combined the nonlinear parameter estimation tool PEST with the distributed hydrological model WaSiM. PEST is based on the Gauss-Marquardt-Levenberg method, a gradient-based nonlinear parameter estimation algorithm. WaSiM is a fully distributed hydrological model using physically based algorithms for most of the process descriptions. WaSiM was applied to the alpine/prealpine Ammer River catchment (southern Germany, 710 km2 in a 100×100 m2 horizontal resolution. The catchment is heterogeneous in terms of geology, pedology and land use and shows a complex orography (the difference of elevation is around 1600 m). Using the developed PEST-WaSiM interface, the hydrological model was calibrated by comparing simulated and observed runoff at eight gauges for the hydrologic year 1997 and validated for the hydrologic year 1993. For each sub-catchment four parameters had to be calibrated: the recession constants of direct runoff and interflow, the drainage density, and the hydraulic conductivity of the uppermost aquifer. Additionally, five snowmelt specific parameters were adjusted for the entire catchment. Altogether, 37 parameters had to be calibrated. Additional a priori information (e.g. from flood hydrograph analysis) narrowed the parameter space of the solutions and improved the non-uniqueness of the fitted values. A reasonable quality of fit was achieved. Discrepancies between modelled and observed runoff were also due to the small number of meteorological stations and corresponding interpolation artefacts in the orographically complex terrain. Application of a 2-dimensional numerical groundwater model partly yielded a slight decrease of overall model performance when compared to a simple conceptual groundwater approach. Increased model complexity therefore did not yield in general increased model performance. A detailed covariance analysis was performed allowing to derive confidence bounds for all estimated parameters. The correlation between the estimated parameters was in most cases negligible, showing that parameters were estimated independently from each other.

scholarly journals Rainfall-runoff modelling in a catchment with a complex groundwater flow system: application of the Representative Elementary Watershed (REW) approach

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Zhang ◽  
H. H. G. Savenije
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Watershed Hydrology ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Infiltration Excess

Abstract. Based on the Representative Elementary Watershed (REW) approach, the modelling tool REWASH (Representative Elementary WAterShed Hydrology) has been developed and applied to the Geer river basin. REWASH is deterministic, semi-distributed, physically based and can be directly applied to the watershed scale. In applying REWASH, the river basin is divided into a number of sub-watersheds, so called REWs, according to the Strahler order of the river network. REWASH describes the dominant hydrological processes, i.e. subsurface flow in the unsaturated and saturated domains, and overland flow by the saturation-excess and infiltration-excess mechanisms. Through flux exchanges among the different spatial domains of the REW, surface and subsurface water interactions are fully coupled. REWASH is a parsimonious tool for modelling watershed hydrological response. However, it can be modified to include more components to simulate specific processes when applied to a specific river basin where such processes are observed or considered to be dominant. In this study, we have added a new component to simulate interception using a simple parametric approach. Interception plays an important role in the water balance of a watershed although it is often disregarded. In addition, a refinement for the transpiration in the unsaturated zone has been made. Finally, an improved approach for simulating saturation overland flow by relating the variable source area to both the topography and the groundwater level is presented. The model has been calibrated and verified using a 4-year data set, which has been split into two for calibration and validation. The model performance has been assessed by multi-criteria evaluation. This work is the first full application of the REW approach to watershed rainfall-runoff modelling in a real watershed. The results demonstrate that the REW approach provides an alternative blueprint for physically based hydrological modelling.

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