scholarly journals Characterization of the internal state of NV center in diamond and second quantization formalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6 Nov-Dec) ◽  
pp. 814
Author(s):  
C. I. Huerta Pérez ◽  
E. Urrutia Bañuelos ◽  
M. R. Pedroza Montero ◽  
R. Riera
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Second Quantization ◽  
Quantum Bit ◽  
Nv Center ◽  
Quantization Formalism ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Spin Momentum

In this paper a general study of NV center internal state in diamond is presented. This study is based on experimental and theoretical findingsfound in literature. First, a Hamiltonian model for center NV internal state is proposed in terms of a complete set of commuting observables(CSCO), which consist of angular momentum ^L, spin momentum ^ S, total angular momentum ^ J = ^L+ ^ S and spin momentum on z-direction^ Sz. The second quantization formalism –in steady-state (conservative model)– is used. The creation and annihilation operators are used todescribed the steady spin-levels structure and in dynamic-state (non-conservative model) and can also describe the system dynamic betweendifferent spin-levels transitions. Finally, a discussion is presented about the application of this study in the photochromism phenomenon andsolid-state quantum bit (qubit).

NMR Multiple Quantum Transitions by Second Quantization Formalism

1970 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 4041-4045 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bucci ◽  
P. Cavaliere ◽  
S. Santucci
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Quantum ◽  
Second Quantization ◽  
Quantum Transitions ◽  
Quantization Formalism

scholarly journals Characterization of Each St and Y Genome Chromosome of Roegneria grandis Based on Newly Developed FISH Markers

2021 ◽  
pp. 213-222
Author(s):  
Dandan Wu ◽  
Xiaoxia Zhu ◽  
Lu Tan ◽  
Haiqin Zhang ◽  
Lina Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Genome Chromosome ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Genome Analyses ◽  
First Time ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes

The genera of the tribe Triticeae (family Poaceae), constituting many economically important plants with abundant genetic resources, carry genomes such as St, H, P, and Y. The genome symbol of <i>Roegneria</i> C. Koch (Triticeae) is StY. The St and Y genomes are crucial in Triticeae, and tetraploid StY species participate extensively in polyploid speciation. Characterization of St and Y nonhomologous chromosomes in StY-genome species could help understand variation in the chromosome structure and differentiation of StY-containing species. However, the high genetic affinity between St and Y genome and the deficiency of a complete set of StY nonhomologous probes limit the identification of St and Y genomes and variation of chromosome structures among <i>Roegneria</i> species. We aimed to identify St- and Y-enhanced repeat clusters and to study whether homoeologous chromosomes between St and Y genomes could be accurately identified due to high affinity. We employed comparative genome analyses to identify St- and Y-enhanced repeat clusters and generated a FISH-based karyotype of <i>R. grandis</i> (Keng), one of the taxonomically controversial StY species, for the first time. We explored 4 novel repeat clusters (StY_34, StY_107, StY_90, and StY_93), which could specifically identify individual St and Y nonhomologous chromosomes. The clusters StY_107 and StY_90 could identify St and Y addition/substitution chromosomes against common wheat genetic backgrounds. The chromosomes V_St, VII_St, I_Y, V_Y, and VII_Y displayed similar probe distribution patterns in the proximal region, indicating that the high affinity between St and Y genome might result from chromosome rearrangements or transposable element insertion among V_St/Y, VII_St/Y, and I_Y chromosomes during allopolyploidization. Our results can be used to employ FISH further to uncover the precise karyotype based on colinearity of Triticeae species by using the wheat karyotype as reference, to analyze diverse populations of the same species to understand the intraspecific structural changes, and to generate the karyotype of different StY-containing species to understand the interspecific chromosome variation.

scholarly journals Characterization of a New γTuRC Subunit with WD Repeats

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1017-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruwanthi N. Gunawardane ◽  
Ona C. Martin ◽  
Yixian Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Microtubule Assembly ◽  
Guanine Nucleotide ◽  
Protein Subunits ◽  
Multiple Protein ◽  
Tubulin Binding ◽  
Ring Complex ◽  
Signature Sequences ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Wd Repeats

The γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC), consisting of multiple protein subunits, can nucleate microtubule assembly. Although many subunits of the γTuRC have been identified, a complete set remains to be defined in any organism. In addition, how the subunits interact with each other to assemble into γTuRC remains largely unknown. Here, we report the characterization of a novel γTuRC subunit, Drosophila gamma ring protein with WD repeats (Dgp71WD). With the exception of γ-tubulin, Dgp71WD is the only γTuRC component identified to date that does not contain the grip motifs, which are signature sequences conserved in γTuRC components. By performing immunoprecipitations after pair-wise coexpression in Sf9 cells, we show that Dgp71WD directly interacts with the grip motif–containing γTuRC subunits, Dgrips84, 91, 128, and 163, suggesting that Dgp71WD may play a scaffolding role in γTuRC organization. We also show that Dgrips128 and 163, like Dgrips84 and 91, can interact directly with γ-tubulin. Coexpression of any of these grip motif–containing proteins with γ-tubulin promotes γ-tubulin binding to guanine nucleotide. In contrast, in the same assay Dgp71WD interacts with γ-tubulin but does not facilitate nucleotide binding.

scholarly journals The ASTRI Program

2019 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Salvatore Scuderi
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Telescope Array ◽  
Cherenkov Telescope ◽  
Southern Site ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
New Phase ◽  
Prototype Design ◽  
Italian National Institute ◽  
Mirror Configuration

The ASTRI (Astrofisica con Specchi a Tecnologia Replicante Italiana) program was born as a collaborative international effort led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) to design and realize, within the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) framework, an end-to-end prototype of the Small-Sized Telescope (SST) in a dual-mirror configuration (2M). While the activities concerning the characterization of the prototype are under completion, the program entered a new phase. With the final aim of contributing at the production of the SST telescopes for the CTAO Southern site, we started the development of nine telescopes based on the evolution of the ASTRI prototype design to work as pathfinder for the CTAO. Furthermore, together with the CHEC (Compact High Energy Camera) collaboration, the ASTRI team presented a proposal, that will be evaluated with other proposals, to deliver to CTAO the complete set of SST telescopes.

scholarly journals Characterization of LDPC-coded orbital angular momentum modes transmission and multiplexing over a 50-km fiber

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 11716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andong Wang ◽  
Long Zhu ◽  
Shi Chen ◽  
Cheng Du ◽  
Qi Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Orbital Angular Momentum

scholarly journals On the Optimal Use of Isotherm Models for the Characterization of Biosorption of Lead Onto Algae

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Brouers ◽  
Tariq Al-Musawi
Keyword(s):  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Experimental Isotherm ◽  
Nonlinear Fitting ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Best Fit

In this study the experimental isotherm data of biosorption of Pb(II) onto algae was modeled using several models. These models are: Langmuir, Hill-Sips, Brouers-Sotolongo, Brouers-Gaspard, and Redlich-Peterson models. The coefficients of each model were determined by non-linear fitting using Mathematica9 program. The maximum Pb(II) removal rate increased with the increase of temperature and reached the maximum value (98%) at the temperature of 40°C. Even if the R2 error quantity is not the unique and always the best measure for nonlinear fitting, the Brouers-Sotolongo model gives in all cases the best fit and is definitely the most suitable one to satisfactorily describe bioisorption of Pb(II) on the algal biomass. In addition, this study shows that a complete set of data is necessary to have a good representation of the isotherm.

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