4. Intergovernmental Cooperation Mechanisms: Factors for Change?

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Réjean Pelletier
Keyword(s):  
Intergovernmental Cooperation

Cooperation Among Oil Exporting Countries with Special Reference to Arab Countries: a Political Economy Analysis

1974 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuhayr Mikdashi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Intergovernmental Cooperation ◽  
Inelastic Demand ◽  
Oil Export ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Political Economy Analysis

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) will probably be remembered in history as an outstanding example of relatively successful intergovernmental cooperation among developing countries. OPEC's achievements in raising the oil export income of members appear remarkable in view of the deep sociopolitical divisions among them—occasionally verging on armed conflicts. Nevertheless, OPEC countries have managed not to let these conflicts wreck their common interest in obtaining substantially better terms from the international companies and from consumer countries. That OPEC countries could obtain better terms is not only the result of member solidarity but also of the relatively inelastic demand for petroleum. Another crucial factor favoring OPEC is that major consumer countries have been moderate in their drive to collectively countervail OPEC, except indirectly by allowing their international oil companies to join forces ostensibly in defense of consumers' interests. Major consumer countries have also declined so far to split forcefully the OPEC coalition. The continued existence of OPEC largely depends on (1) members' perception of gain outweighing sacrifices or frustrations of working together, and (2) the tolerance of major industrial importing countries.

scholarly journals EAC – an Answer for Regional Problems or Failed Solutions in East Africa?

Politeja ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (56) ◽  
pp. 267-277
Author(s):  
Anna Cichecka
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
East African ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
East African Community ◽  
Intergovernmental Cooperation ◽  
African Community ◽  
Regional Problems ◽  
Common Policy

One of the definitions states that regionalism means a common policy or project aimed at increasing informal links and economic, political and social transactions which strengthen integration processes, intensify intergovernmental cooperation and create regional identity among the community. According to the above, it was assumed that firstly, states in a group are stronger and more effective and secondly, that regionalism and regionalization may be regarded as a way to solve some regional problems and to contribute to the development of individual states. This narrative became especially attractive for underdeveloped and dysfunctional regions as it offered an opportunity for changes. As a result, a quantitative increase in regional initiatives started. The article is dedicated to the integration processes in the East Africa region. The main aim of the paper is to examine the situation in East Africa, regarding the role that the East African Community has played in this area. Moreover, an attempt has been made to analyze the integration model adopted by the organization and find out if the EAC is able to solve the main regional problems or rather to propose a failed solution and maintain dysfunctional patterns in the organization.

scholarly journals China’s “One Belt, One Road Initiative”: challenges and requirements for its successful implementation in Central Asia

2017 ◽  
pp. 127-138
Author(s):  
Francisco Gómez Martos
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Intergovernmental Cooperation

Twenty five years after the dissolution of the former Soviet Union and the reemergence of the Central Asian Republics as independent States, this region continues to be the scene of rivalries amongst the big powers (Russia, China, the European Union, USA, India, Japan, Turkey and Iran) competing in a sort of a “new Grand Game” to increase their geopolitical and economic influence in the region. Its geography, diverse and rich natural resources, like oil and gas, explain the ongoing hidden rivalries. Despite its common historical and cultural past, Central Asia constitutes a heterogeneous region with a multiethnic and multi-linguistic composition and a low degree of physical, economic and trade integration. The lack of mutual trust, the persisting tension over borders and the use and sharing of natural resources, as well as different levels of economic performance have so far jeopardized the development of genuine regional cooperation. Against this background, the idea behind the Chinese OBOR Initiative to develop rapid transportation, if well implemented, could theoretically, by improving interregional connectivity, develop the Central Asia regional market and foster intergovernmental cooperation and people-to-people contacts within the region. In this context, could we expect that the ambitious Chinese OBOR Initiative will boost geopolitical stability and promote shared economic and trade benefits in Central Asia? What are the conditions for that need to be fulfilled?The author analyzes in depth certain crucial political, economic and institutional requirements for the successful implementation of the OBOR Strategy and concludes, however, that three years after the launching of this crucial instrument of the Chinese “globalization without democracy” model, its implementation faces major problems and thus raises more doubts than certainties.

scholarly journals Intergovernmental cooperation, divided societies and capital cities: The case of the Ethiopian capital

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-29
Author(s):  
Yonatan T. Fessha
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Constitutional Politics ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
Intergovernmental Cooperation ◽  
Diverse Communities

Some call it Addis Ababa. Others call it Finfinnee. That is the capital city of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. “What’s in a name?” In fact, the name is at the centre of the row over the federal capital. Those who opt to refer the capital as Finfinnee claim that the capital belongs to the Oromo. Those that stick to the official name, Addis Ababa, reject the language of ownership. But this is not merely a fight over history. It is a constitutional politics that has gripped the federation. The debate over the Ethiopian capital brings to fore the question about the place of capital cities in multi-ethnic federations. Using the Ethiopian capital as a case study, this article investigates how capital cities can manage the tension between the accommodation of diverse communities and the indigeneity argument that is often used as a basis to claim ownership. The article argues that the mediation of tensions can be best addressed through the framework of intergovernmental cooperation.

15. Justice and Home Affairs

2020 ◽  
pp. 343-362
Author(s):  
Sandra Lavenex
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Judicial Cooperation ◽  
Asylum Policy ◽  
Intergovernmental Cooperation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Immigration And Asylum ◽  
Criminal Matters ◽  
Peripheral Aspect ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines the European Union’s justice and home affairs (JHA), which have evolved from a peripheral aspect into a focal point of European integration and today are at the centre of politicization in the EU. It first considers the institutionalization of JHA cooperation and its gradual move towards more supranational competences before discussing political contestation as expressed in the context of Brexit and the crisis of the common asylum and Schengen systems. The development of cooperation is retraced, looking at the main actors in the JHA, the organization and capacities of EU institutions, the continuity of intergovernmentalism, the proliferation of semi-autonomous agencies and databases, and the flow of policy, taking into account asylum policy and immigration policy, police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters, and the challenge of implementation. The chapter shows how the gradual move of cooperation among national agencies concerned with combating crime; fighting terrorism; and managing borders, immigration, and asylum from loose intergovernmental cooperation to more supranational governance within the EU has remained contested, and argues that this contestation exemplifies the limits of political unification.

scholarly journals Interaction in transportation as the basis for implementation of intergovernmental cooperation

2018 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 01014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Popova ◽  
Marina Kvint ◽  
Aleksei Dementyev
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Prospective Development ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Intergovernmental Cooperation ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The purpose of this paper is to define the role and place of the transportation component of the adjacent subjects of two countries in their economic potential for implementation of intergovernmental cooperation. The role and place of the transportation component in estimation of the benefits of the transportation and geographical position becomes evident only when the population, resources and economy of the border regions are jointly analyzed. The analysis of such parameters of the border regions of Russia (Western Siberia) and Kazakhstan performed by means of comparison and association of their economic and transportation potentials, showed that territorial production complexes in them have been developed, and the prospective development within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union will be determined by the joint use of the benefits of the transportation and geographic position implemented with participation of railway transport.

Hague Academy of International Law 1968 Sessions

1968 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-146
Author(s):  
E. H. F.
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Public International Law ◽  
Corporate Groups ◽  
Intergovernmental Cooperation ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The University

The Hague Academy of International Law will hold its 1968 session from July 8 to August 15, 1968. The first period of lectures from July 8 to 25 will consist of the following : general course on private international law, by Professor A. A. Ehrenzweig of the University of California; law of torts in private international law, by Professor O. Kahn-Freund of Brasenose College, Oxford; international contracts in Swiss private international law, by Dr. A. F. Schnitzer of the University of Geneva Faculty of Law; trade and finance in international law, by Professor J. E. Fawcett of All Souls College, Oxford; public international law influences on conflicts of law rules on corporations, by Professor I. Seidl-Hohenveldern of the University of Cologne; juridical aspects of intergovernmental cooperation in the field of foreign exchange and international payments, by Professor M. Giuliano of the University of Milan ; multinational corporate groups, by Mr. Homer G. Angelo, visiting Professor of Law, University of California; general features of the codification of private international law in Czechoslovakia, by Professor R. Bistricky of the Carolinum University, Prague.

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