Effective Transportation Demand Management: Combining Parking Pricing, Transit Incentives, and Transportation Management in a Commercial District of Portland, Oregon

2000 ◽  
Vol 1711 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha J. Bianco
Keyword(s):  
Demand Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Transportation Demand Management ◽  
Transportation Management ◽  
Transportation Demand ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Residential District ◽  
Parking Pricing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The Lloyd District is a high-density commercial and residential district located a short distance from downtown Portland, Oregon. To address parking and congestion problems, the city of Portland implemented a Lloyd District Partnership Plan in September 1997. This plan consists of a number of elements aimed at curbing single-occupancy vehicle use for the commute to and from the district. This plan included parking pricing in the form of meters (whereas on-street parking had been free), discounted transit passes, and other transportation demand management strategies. The effects of these strategies on travel and parking behavior were assessed, with an emphasis on the relationship between parking pricing and mode choice. A random sample of 1,000 employees in the Lloyd District was surveyed about their travel and parking behavior before and after the installation of the new meters. Research found that, during the 1 year that had elapsed between the implementation of the Lloyd District transportation management programs and the survey information collected, the drive-alone mode for the trip to work by employees in the Lloyd District had decreased by 7 percent. For the district as a whole, the drive-alone commute share is now about 56 percent. The program strategies that have emerged as the most significant in effecting this decrease are the installation of the meters and the discounted transit pass program.

Research on the Improvement Schemes of Irregular Intersection

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 1971-1975
Author(s):  
Wen Bin Zhang ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Harrod Genesis
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Traffic Situation ◽  
Transportation Demand Management ◽  
Transportation Demand ◽  
Traffic Flow Simulation ◽  
Before And After

In order to make the traffic flow more stability and smoothly at irregular intersection, the improvement schemes is researched on a typical irregular intersection, Hao valley intersection in Wuhan. Firstly, a field investigation is carried out for this intersection. Secondly, we carried on the optimization in many different ways, such as transportation demand management, traffic flow organization of regional, signal optimization, intersection Canalization and other optimizations. Finally, a microscopic traffic flow simulation software, VISSIM, is used to simulate the traffic situation before and after improvement. Results shows the improvement schemes effect is obviously, and the delay and conflicts substantially reduced. This research can provide a reference for similar intersection improvements.

Site-Specific Transportation Demand Management: Case of Seattle’s Transportation Management Program, 1988–2015

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110357
Author(s):  
Mairin McKnight-Slottee ◽  
Chang-Hee Christine Bae ◽  
Edward McCormack
Keyword(s):  
Demand Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Transportation Demand Management ◽  
Transportation Management ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Transportation Demand ◽  
Parking Management ◽  
Walking Programs ◽  
City Policy

A central theme of U.S. transportation planning policies is to reduce single-occupancy vehicle (SOV) trips and promote transit and non-motorized transportation by coordinating land-use planning and transportation demand management (TDM) programs. Cities often implement TDM programs by intervening with new development during the municipal permit review process. Seattle’s Transportation Management Program (TMP) under a joint Director’s Rule (DR) requires a commitment from developers to adopt select strategies from six TDM element categories: program management, physical improvements, bicycle/walking programs, employer-based incentives, transit and car/vanpooling, and parking management. TMP targets new developments and requires some TDM elements, recommends others, and leaves the rest to negotiation. The result is an individualized TMP agreement that is site-specific, reflecting both city policy and developer needs. This case study presents a qualitative analysis of the guiding eight DRs and 41 site-specific TMP agreements in Seattle’s Downtown and South Lake Union (SLU) area since 1988. Overall, a content analysis of TMP documents reveals that the average number of elements adopted in an agreement falls short of requirements set by DRs (34%–61%). Major findings include developer preference toward non-traditional TDM measures such as physical improvement of frontage and urban design features, as well as parking management. High-occupancy vehicle (HOV) elements showed higher adoption rates (59%–63%) over biking/walking programs (< 1%). It is concluded that future TDM policies could benefit if future research includes examining the effectiveness of the range of management options stemming from the real estate trends toward green buildings, tenants’ values in sustainability, and city policy to reduce automobile trips.

Evaluating the Effects of Traveler and Trip Characteristics on Trip Chaining, with Implications for Transportation Demand Management Strategies

2000 ◽  
Vol 1718 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Wallace ◽  
Jennifer Barnes ◽  
G. Scott Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression Model ◽  
Transportation Demand Management ◽  
Relative Significance ◽  
Transportation Demand ◽  
Trip Chaining

The relative effect that each of a wide variety of factors has on the extent to which a traveler will chain trips was investigated. The objectives were to empirically determine which factors influence a traveler’s tendency to chain two or more trips within one tour, as well as the relative significance of these considerations; to more specifically determine the level of influence that urban centers have on trip chaining; and to evaluate the potential effects on trip-chaining behavior of specific transportation demand management (TDM) strategies through examination of variables that describe effects associated with TDM. A negative binomial regression model was developed in which the number of trips in a chain is related to household characteristics, traveler characteristics, trip characteristics, and urban form. After the model was estimated, the significance of individual variables was analyzed. Characteristics from each of these categories were found to be statistically significant. A number of the significant variables help to describe effects of specific TDM strategies, and the relative effects of these variables on trip-chaining behavior were addressed. Some of the variables representing TDM strategies increased the level of trip chaining, whereas other variables decreased the level of chaining. Potential policy conflicts between trip chaining and specific TDM programs are discussed.

How Do We Know Employer-Based Transportation Demand Management Works? The Need for Experimental Design

1996 ◽  
Vol 1564 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Transportation Demand Management ◽  
Transportation Demand ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After

Several studies of employer-based demand management programs have been conducted in the past few years. Many have drawn conclusions about effects of the programs by examining before and after program changes in the proportion of solo drivers among the employees involved in the program. Others compare before and after data to solo driving trends in the surrounding area or at selected employment sites. Still other studies do not use before and after data at all, but simply compare the proportion of solo driving among program participants after implementation with an average rate for the area or region. The weaknesses of these approaches to evaluating demand management programs are discussed, remedies for these weaknesses based on classical experimental design from the social science and statistical literature are suggested, and the results of an experimental design of employer trip reduction programs in the Denver region are highlighted. The example illustrates the required elements of an experimental design, as well as some difficulties in executing the design.

Exploratory Evaluation of a Concept Combining Incentivized On-Demand Ridesharing with Congestion Pricing

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110116
Author(s):  
Patrick DeCorla-Souza
Keyword(s):  
Demand Management ◽  
Congestion Pricing ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Transportation Demand Management ◽  
Transportation Demand ◽  
Transportation Funding ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
Planning Tools ◽  
Management Concept

This paper presents an innovative transportation demand management concept involving congestion pricing synergistically combined with incentivized on-demand ridesharing. An exploratory evaluation of the concept was undertaken using sketch-planning tools developed by the Federal Highway Administration. The analysis suggests that the concept could be financially viable, achieve significant economic benefits, and potentially generate surplus revenues that could be sufficient to address transportation funding gaps.

Kavaklidere-Ankara: The Formation of a Residential District During the 1950s

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Çılga Resuloğlu ◽  
Elvan Altan Ergut
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
International Style ◽  
Residential District ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This paper aims to examine the formation of Kavaklıdere as a ‘modern’ residential district during the 1950s. Contemporary urbanization brought about changes in various regions of Ankara, among which Kavaklıdere emerged as an important location with features that defined a new stage in the development of the identity of the capital city. The construction of houses in this district from the early 1950s onwards was in accordance with new functional requirements resulting from the needs of the contemporary socio-economic context, and exemplified the relationship between architectural approaches and social developments. In line with the rapid urbanization of Ankara throughout the 1950s, daily life in Kavaklıdere was transformed, as experienced in the apartment blocks that were the newly constructed sites of modernization. The contemporary transformation of Kavaklıdere was apparently formal and spatial, with the modernist architectural approach of the period, i.e. the so-called International Style, beginning to dominate in the shaping of its changing character. Nonetheless, the transformation was not only architectural but also social: the characteristics of this part of the city were then defined by structures like these apartment blocks, which brought modernist design features, together with modern ways of living, into wider public use and appreciation. The paper discusses how the identity of Kavaklıdere as a residential district was formed in the context of the mid-twentieth century, when these new residences emerged as pioneering modernist architectural housing, the product of social change, which housed and hence facilitated the ‘modern’ lifestyle of that time.

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