Kavaklidere-Ankara: The Formation of a Residential District During the 1950s

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Çılga Resuloğlu ◽  
Elvan Altan Ergut
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
International Style ◽  
Residential District ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This paper aims to examine the formation of Kavaklıdere as a ‘modern’ residential district during the 1950s. Contemporary urbanization brought about changes in various regions of Ankara, among which Kavaklıdere emerged as an important location with features that defined a new stage in the development of the identity of the capital city. The construction of houses in this district from the early 1950s onwards was in accordance with new functional requirements resulting from the needs of the contemporary socio-economic context, and exemplified the relationship between architectural approaches and social developments. In line with the rapid urbanization of Ankara throughout the 1950s, daily life in Kavaklıdere was transformed, as experienced in the apartment blocks that were the newly constructed sites of modernization. The contemporary transformation of Kavaklıdere was apparently formal and spatial, with the modernist architectural approach of the period, i.e. the so-called International Style, beginning to dominate in the shaping of its changing character. Nonetheless, the transformation was not only architectural but also social: the characteristics of this part of the city were then defined by structures like these apartment blocks, which brought modernist design features, together with modern ways of living, into wider public use and appreciation. The paper discusses how the identity of Kavaklıdere as a residential district was formed in the context of the mid-twentieth century, when these new residences emerged as pioneering modernist architectural housing, the product of social change, which housed and hence facilitated the ‘modern’ lifestyle of that time.

Palestinian Refugees between the City and the Camp

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-621
Author(s):  
Faedah M. Totah
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
National Belonging ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
Social Distinction ◽  
Urban Refugees ◽  
Old City ◽  
Refugee Experience ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

AbstractThe camp and the city are both important for understanding the relationship between space and identity in the refugee experience of exile. In the Palestinian example, the camp has emerged as a potent symbol in the narrative of exile although only a third of refugees registered with UNRWA live in camps. Moreover, the city and urban refugees remain missing in most of the scholarship on the Palestinian experience with space, exile, and identity. Furthermore, there is little attention to how refugees understand the concept of the city and camp in their daily life. This article examines how Palestinian urban refugees in the Old City of Damascus conceptualized the relationship between the camp and the city. It illustrates how the concept of the camp remained necessary for the construction of their collective national identity while in Syria. However, the city was essential in the articulation of individual desires and establishing social distinction from other refugees. Thus, during a protracted exile it is in the interstice between the city and the camp, where most urban refugees in the Old City situated themselves, that informed their national belonging and personal aspirations.

Towards a More Resilient Delhi: Rapid Urbanization and Climate Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 05 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 1850014
Author(s):  
Jasdeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Global South ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
The City ◽  
Resilience Assessment

The discourse on resilient cities encapsulates various analogies, which are further constructed through the work of researchers in creation of several resilience assessment methodologies and toolkits. Despite the presence of numerous resilience assessment tools, there is an apparent lack of participation of residents of the global south within the assessment and iterative transformation processes. The situation, hence, is not truly represented through application of these tools in certain socio-political climates such as of India. Consistent economic growth of India has resulted in rapid urbanization of major cities. But, this has not been supplemented with proper planning, resulting in imbalances in all spheres of city infrastructure. Delhi, capital city of India, has been one of the worst hit cities. The hot seasons have caused thousands of fatalities in the past few years. An attempt is made to review the application of current resilience tools in Delhi against the backdrop of the sustainable development goals. In an attempt to improve the approach of these existing tools, an initial iteration is conducted, hinging on qualitative data obtained through surveying a sample population of the city and accessible quantitative metric data. Possible intervention scenarios are further suggested in view of aforementioned stressors and resilience scores. Research question: Where are the current resilience tools found lacking in the case of the global south, specifically in Delhi? How can the applicability of these tools be improved without compromising the deliverables yet ensuring an all-inclusive approach? Key findings: (1) The city is found lacking in adequate infrastructure facilities to its residents especially within the ambits of basic water and sanitation provision and healthcare services. (2) The city is relatively unprepared to face unforeseen events, both at the administrative and the grassroots levels. The lack of knowledge transfer and cooperation are largely evident.

scholarly journals Analysing Urban Development Patterns in a Conflict Zone: A Case Study of Kabul

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3662
Author(s):  
Vineet Chaturvedi ◽  
Monika Kuffer ◽  
Divyani Kohli
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The City

A large part of the population in low-income countries (LICs) lives in fragile and conflict-affected states. Many cities in these states show high growth dynamics, but little is known about the relation of conflicts and urban growth. In Afghanistan, the Taliban regime, which lasted from 1996 to 2001, caused large scale displacement of the population. People from Afghanistan migrated to neighboring countries like Iran and Pakistan, and all developments came to a halt. After the US invasion in October 2001, all the major cities in Afghanistan experienced significant population growth, in particular, driven by the influx of internally displaced persons. Maximum pressure of this influx was felt by the capital city, Kabul. This rapid urbanization, combined with very limited capacity of local authorities to deal with this growth, led to unplanned urbanization and challenges for urban planning and management. This study analyses the patterns of growth between 2001 and 2017, and the factors influencing the growth in the city of Kabul with the help of high-resolution Earth Observation-based data (EO) and spatial logistic regression modelling. We analyze settlement patterns by extracting image features from high-resolution images (aerial photographs of 2017) and terrain features as input to a random forest classifier. The urban growth is analyzed using an available built-up map (extracted from IKONOS images for the year 2001). Results indicate that unplanned settlements have grown 4.5 times during this period, whereas planned settlements have grown only 1.25 times. The unplanned settlements expanded mostly towards the west and north west parts of the city, and the growth of planned settlements happened mainly in the central and eastern parts of the city. Population density and the locations of military bases are the most important factors that influence the growth, of both planned and unplanned settlements. The growth of unplanned settlement occurs predominantly in areas of steeper slopes on the hillside, while planned settlements are on gentle slopes and closer to the institutional areas (central and eastern parts of the city). We conclude that security and availability of infrastructure were the main drivers of growth for planned settlements, whereas unplanned growth, mainly on hillsides, was driven by the availability of land with poor infrastructure.

scholarly journals A representação da cozinha como elemento do produto imobiliário na cidade de Vitória entre as décadas de 1950 a 1970/The representation of the kitchen as element of the real estate product in the city of Vitoria between the decades of 1950 to 1970

2017 ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
Erick Alessandro Schunig F ◽  
Paulo Cesar Scarin
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

As transformações do espaço urbano vêm introduzindo novos padrões que revelam elementos da dinâmica capitalista. Nesse aspecto, o apartamento residencial é apresentado como um produto dotado de novos conceitos em sintonia com as mudanças do capitalismo. Este estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver uma análise sobre as propagandas imobiliárias na cidade de Vitória, entre as décadas de 1950 a 1970, no qual identificamos as estratégias do setor da construção imobiliária em relação a cozinha como item diferencial do imóvel e inserido no sistema de produção da sociedade de consumo.ABSTRACTThis study aims to develop an analysis of the kitchen of the residential apartments in the city of Vitoria, between the 1950s and 1970s, as a space connected to the transformations promoted by capitalism. It was carried out a qualitative survey of advertisements published in a newspaper, as well as the use of authors who approach the relationship between the production of the urban space and the food. From this analysis, it was possible to verify that the transformation in the kitchen is indicative of the way of life established by the Brazilian urbanization during this period.Keywords: Kitchen; Urban space; Advertising.

Quetta City and the Baluch Guerrilla

2018 ◽  
pp. 177-196
Author(s):  
Luc Bellon
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Armed Struggle ◽  
Suicide Attacks ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This article explores the incidents linked to Baloch nationalism, highlighting what is at play behind this urban armed struggle, with a special focus on the city of Quetta—the capital city of Balochistan, Pakistan's most underdeveloped province. Since 2000, and for the first time, violent clashes of very different natures coincided in the city: target killings by Baloch nationalists, suicide attacks from militant Islamist groups, assassinations against the Shi'ite (primarily Hazara) community, and a growing non-politically motivated criminality perpetuating a number of murders and kidnappings. The legitimization of some aspects of this violence by a population witnessing but not producing it enables the reconfiguration of social relationships and/or spaces in the urban context. In particular, the chapter argues that violence, far from bringing about a rejection and delegitimization of groups using it, can on the contrary redefine the relationship between social groups, leading in particular to the marginalization of the groups it targets.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land Use/Cover Patterns and Their Relationship with Land Surface Temperature in Nanjing, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruci Wang ◽  
Hao Hou ◽  
Yuji Murayama ◽  
Ahmed Derdouri
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Rapid urbanization is one of the most concerning issues in the 21st century because of its significant impacts on various fields, including agriculture, forestry, ecology, and climate. The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon, highly related to the rapid urbanization, has attracted considerable attention from both academic scholars and governmental policymakers because of its direct influence on citizens’ daily life. Land surface temperature (LST) is a widely used indicator to assess the intensity of UHI significantly affected by the local land use/cover (LULC). In this study, we used the Landsat time-series data to derive the LULC composition and LST distribution maps of Nanjing in 2000, 2014, and 2018. A correlation analysis was carried out to check the relationship between LST and the density of each class of LULC. We found out that cropland and forest in Nanjing are helping to cool the city with different degrees of cooling effects depending on the location and LULC composition. Then, a Cellar Automata (CA)-Markov model was applied to predict the LULC conditions of Nanjing in 2030 and 2050. Based on the simulated LULC maps and the relationship between LST and LULC, we delineated high- and moderate-LST related risk areas in the city of Nanjing. Our findings are valuable for the local government to reorganize the future development zones in a way to control the urban climate environment and to keep a healthy social life within the city.

scholarly journals Introduction: urban crises, policing crises: mirror images? (c. 1700–1900): cities in flux and changes to policing

Urban History ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-214
Author(s):  
VINCENT DENIS ◽  
VINCENT MILLIOT ◽  
CHIARA LUCREZIO MONTICELLI
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Urban Change ◽  
Urban Crisis ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT:The articles gathered here aim at outlining a complex view of the relationship between cities in a state of ‘crisis’ and changes to policing systems, in a period marked by rapid urbanization and industrialization. They explore the connections between the rhythms of urban change and the changes in the institutions responsible for policing the city. This introduction defines ‘urban crisis’ as a brief paroxysm and a way of describing rapid urban change that is considered problematic especially in terms of social control. It examines three sets of issues to highlight the relationships between policing powers and urban dynamics: first, how the police managed to handle unforeseen, traumatic events in emergency situations; second, how the police forces tried to legitimize their status through their understanding and control of urban dynamics; and third, how the police used the discourse of urban crisis they helped to produce, as a tool for their own ends.

Osun Osogbo Sacred Grove

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Probst
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Cohesive Force ◽  
Sacred Grove ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The Osun Osogbo Sacred Grove is part of the story of Nigerian Modernism. Situated on the outskirts of the city of Osogbo in Southwest Nigeria, the grove consists of seventy-five hectares of forestland along the banks of the Osun river. Hunting, farming, and fishing are forbidden in the grove. No permanent settlements are allowed. Instead the area is covered with a large number of sculptures and temples of various sizes and materials. Some are made of wood, others of stone and cement. Both the structures and the restrictions echo the religious character of the site. Osun is not only a river, but also Osogbo’s guardian deity who is credited with providing wealth, fertility, and protection. The origin of these structures dates back to the 1950s when the entangled forces of colonialism, Christianity, and commerce had started to erode the relationship between the city and the goddess. The cohesive force of the Osun Grove declined. People began to ignore local restrictions on hunting, fishing, and farming to the point that the grove was at risk of abandonment. To address this crisis, in 1959—one year before Nigeria gained independence—a group of Osun ritual officials approached Susanne Wenger, an Austrian artist and a convert to Yoruba religion, and asked for her help.

Comprehensive urban environment quality assessment using remote sensing satellite data for Bhopal city, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srashti Singh ◽  
Kamal Jain
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Critical Zones ◽  
The City

<p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong> Urbanisation, Remote sensing, Comprehensive environmental quality, Bhopal, India</p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>A tremendous increase in the global human population has become a major threat to the environment mainly these situations are existing in developing nations. A higher population poses higher demands as well as pressure on the environment directly or indirectly, which is an issue for the sustainable development of the country. Most of the Indian cities are facing challenges in environmental sustainability. Bhopal the capital city of Madhya Pradesh, India is presently going through rapid urbanization and industrialization which leads to environmental degradation of the city. The study aims at analyzing the environmental sustainability of the city. The study is performed using satellite-based remote sensing data integrated with the census data. Initially, Landsat TM satellite data of the years 2001 and 2011 are utilized for extracting the land use land cover (LULC) transformations. Further, MODIS data products at 1 km resolution are used for estimating the biophysical indicators (BI) which are normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and land surface temperature (LST). A comprehensive environmental quality index (CEQI) is obtained by integrating BI with census data and transformations in CEQI are studied for the urban environment. The results depicted an increase in urban built-up with a phenomenal decay in the greenness of the city. The results from CEQI reveals significant changes in the different zones of the city which are highly affected due to change in urbanization and greenness pattern of the city. The study highlights the critical zones of the city and suggests measures to improve the environmental quality for the critical zones which can help the policy-makers in sustainable planning of the city.</p>

Television and the City: the Impact of Television in Milan, 1954–1960

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Foot
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Italian Society ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The early years of state television in Italy, which began transmission in 1954, have usually been viewed as crucial to the spread of mass culture through Italian society. In addition, these developments have essentially been seen in negative terms by historians and sociologists. This article explores these early years in detail for one, key, urban setting: Milan. Through an examination of the myriad and often hidden effects of television, the research attempts to draw out the contradictory and complicated impact of TV and its relationship with other media, the neighbourhood, the family, the home and daily life. The article also looks at the impact of one important quiz show in the 1950s and concludes with some reflections on the power of the media in the city in the 1990s.

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