MONITORAMENTO DA AQUICULTURA EM RESERVATÓRIOS CONTINENTAIS POR MEIO DO ÍNDICE DE ESTADO TRÓFICO

A aquicultura é a atividade que mais cresce dentre os setores de produção de alimentos, porém, sua prática pode causar impactos ambientais no ambiente aquático, caso não haja um plano de monitoramento eficiente. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o grau de trofia do ambiente utilizando o Índice de Estado Trófico (IET) em uma atividade aquícola de sistema de produção em tanques-rede no reservatório do Lajeado, Palmas, Tocantins na estação seca do ano. O monitoramento foi realizado no período de maio/2017 a agosto/2017 e envolveu a coleta de amostras para análises dos seguintes parâmetros de qualidade de água: fósforo total e clorofila-a. Paralelamente, houve a realização de coleta de dados de temperatura, turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade, pH e sólidos totais dissolvidos. Os resultados do cálculo do Índice de Estado Trófico (IET) mostraram que a área em estudo durante os meses de maio e agosto apresentou-se predominantemente em graus eutrófico e hipereutrófico. O ponto controle também apresentou alto grau de trofia, indicando que o estado trófico do lago nas proximidades da área aquícola sofre forte influência de atividades antrópicas externas. Assim, os efeitos desta atividade a médio e longo prazo são difíceis de serem previstos, havendo a necessidade constante do monitoramento e controle da qualidade da água.Palavras-chave: aquicultura, eutrofização, impacto ambiental, poluição, tanque rede. MONITORING OF AQUACULTURE IN CONTINENTAL RESERVOIRS USING THE TROPHIC STATUS INDEX ABSTRACT:Aquaculture is the fastest growing activity among food production sectors, however, its practice can cause environmental impacts, in case if a monitoring plan is not applied. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the trophic environment status using the Trophic State Index (TSI) in an aquaculture activity in a netcage system in the Lajeado reservoir, Palmas, Tocantins during the dry season. The monitoring was carried out from May / 2017 to August / 2017 and involved the water sampling for analysis of the following water quality parameters: total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. At the same time, data were collected on temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH and total dissolved solids. The Trophic State Index (TSI) results showed that the area under study during the months of May and August was predominantly under a supereutrophic condition. It indicates that the lake trophic state in the aquaculture surrounding area is strongly influenced by external anthropogenic activities. Thus, the effects of this activity in the medium and long term are difficult to predict, so it´s necessary to monitor and control the water quality.Keywords: aquaculture, eutrophication, environmental impact, pollution, net cage.

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Assessment of Temporal Variation of Water Quality Parameters and the Trophic State Index in a Subtropical Water Reservoir of Bangladesh

Grassroots Journal of Natural Resources ◽

10.33002/nr2581.6853.040313 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 164-184

Author(s):

Md. Sirajul Islam ◽

Yousuf Ali ◽

Md. Humayun Kabir ◽

Rofi Md. Zubaer ◽

Nowara Tamanna Meghla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Trophic State ◽

Monsoon Season ◽

Water Reservoir ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Total Alkalinity ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Trophic State Index ◽

State Index

This study was conducted to determine the suitability of water quality for fisheries management in Kaptai Lake from February 2019 to January 2020. Results showed that the temperature, transparency, TDS, pH, DO, EC, alkalinity and hardness were 20.9 to 31.8°C, 17 to 303 cm, 40 to 105 mg/L, 6.82 to 7.96, 6.1 to 7.65 mg/L, 75.33 to 172.33 µS/cm, 37 to 83 mg/L and 35 to 190 mg/L, respectively. However, nutrients as NH3, NO3-, NO2-, PO43- and SO42- were 0.01 to 0.05, 0.03 to 2.21, 36 to 96, 0.01 to 0.04 and 0.3 to 1.9 mg/L, respectively. Chlorophyll a and trophic state index (TSI) were 0.70 to 2.12 µg/L and 27.43 to 37.79, respectively. Study revealed that SO42-, DO and TDS were higher than the standard of ECR. On the other hand, NH3, NO3-, NO2-, PO43-, temperature, transparency, pH, EC, total hardness, total alkalinity, Chlorophyll a and TSI were within the standard levels. Concentrations of NO3-, NO2-, PO43-, Chlorophyll a and TSI (CHL) showed no significant variation with seasons. Conversely, TDS, transparency, EC, alkalinity, hardness, and SO42- were lower in monsoon compared to pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Besides, temperature, NH3, DO and TSI (SD) were higher in monsoon season. Results concluded that the Kaptai Lake is in mesotrophic condition with TSI (CHL) less than 40, and prominently there was a positive relationship between Chlorophyll a and Trophic State Index (TSI). In this regard, major nutrients and Chlorophyll a concentration in the Kaptai Lake may have an impact on the aquatic environment.

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Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Water Quality and Trophic State in an Artificial Dam Reservoir

Water ◽

10.3390/w13020186 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 186

Author(s):

Md Mamun ◽

Ji Yoon Kim ◽

Kwang-Guk An

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Trophic State ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

Trophic State Index ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Chl A ◽

State Index

Paldang Reservoir, located in the Han River basin in South Korea, is used for drinking water, fishing, irrigation, recreation, and hydroelectric power. Therefore, the water quality of the reservoir is of great importance. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate spatial and seasonal variations of surface water quality in the reservoir using multivariate statistical techniques (MSTs) along with the Trophic State Index (TSI) and Trophic State Index deviation (TSID). The empirical relationships among nutrients (total phosphorus, TP; total nitrogen, TN), chlorophyll-a (CHL-a), and annual variations of water quality parameters were also determined. To this end, 12 water quality parameters were monitored monthly at five sites along the reservoir from 1996 to 2019. Most of the parameters (all except pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and total coliform bacteria (TCB)) showed significant spatial variations, indicating an influence of anthropogenic activities. Principal component analysis combined with factor analysis (PCA/FA) suggested that the parameters responsible for water quality variations were primarily correlated with nutrients and organic matter (anthropogenic), suspended solids (both natural and anthropogenic), and ionic concentrations (both natural and anthropogenic). Stepwise spatial discriminant analysis (DA) identified water temperature (WT), DO, electrical conductivity (EC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), the ratio of biological oxygen demand (BOD) to COD (BOD/COD), TN, TN:TP, and TCB as the parameters responsible for variations among sites, and seasonal stepwise DA identified WT, BOD, and total suspended solids (TSS) as the parameters responsible for variations among seasons. COD has increased (R2 = 0.63, p < 0.01) in the reservoir since 1996, suggesting that nonbiodegradable organic loading to the water body is rising. The empirical regression models of CHL-a-TP (R2 = 0.45) and CHL-a-TN (R2 = 0.27) indicated that TP better explained algal growth than TN. The mean TSI values for TP, CHL-a, and Secchi depth (SD) indicated a eutrophic state of the reservoir for all seasons and sites. Analysis of TSID suggested that blue-green algae dominated the algal community in the reservoir. The present results show that a significant increase in algal chlorophyll occurs during spring in the reservoir. Our findings may facilitate the management of Paldang Reservoir.

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Assessing trophic status of Suoi Hai Reservoir using Carlson’s Trophic State Index

Vietnam Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.15625/2615-9783/16562 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Linh Nguyen Thuy ◽

Ha Nguyen Thi Thu ◽

Thao Nguyen Thien Phuong ◽

Vinh Pham Quang

Keyword(s):

Total Phosphorus ◽

Trophic State ◽

Trophic Status ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Anthropogenic Sources ◽

Trophic State Index ◽

Nutrient Inputs ◽

Space And Time ◽

State Index

The water quality of Suoi Hai reservoir, the largest reservoir in Hanoi city, is being threatened by human activities of the surrounding area, as reported by the press. The trophic status of the reservoir is the result of both natural eutrophication and nutrient inputs from anthropogenic sources, particularly the leachate from a lakeside waste treatment plant. This study aims to identify the trophic status of the Suoi Hai reservoir and the changes of water trophic state over space and time. Data of chlorophyll-a concentration, total phosphorus, and Secchi disk depth from 51 sites during three field campaigns in October 2019, August 2020, and March 2021 was used to calculate Carlson’s trophic state index (CTSI). Resultant CTSI (ranged from 60 to 72) allows classifying Suoi Hai reservoir as highly eutrophic water. Its variations in space and time provided evidence for an influence of anthropogenic activities on the reservoir trophic state. Analysis of the trophic state index deviations suggested that total phosphorus is the key factor that influenced the reservoir trophic state. Therefore, managing the anthropogenic nutrient inputs load to the reservoir should be a critical task to control eutrophication in Suoi Hai Reservoir at present.

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Variation of Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) trophic guilds and their relation with trophic state in reservoirs in the semiarid

Ciência e Natura ◽

10.5902/2179460x43365 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. e43

Author(s):

Valéria Dos Santos Pereira ◽

Daniele Jovem Azevêdo ◽

Evaldo De Lira Azevêdo ◽

Joseline Molozzi

Keyword(s):

Littoral Zone ◽

Trophic State ◽

Trophic Status ◽

Trophic State Index ◽

Trophic Guilds ◽

Trophic Groups ◽

Sensitive Species ◽

Potential Capacity ◽

State Index ◽

Status Index

The Chironomidae larvae are sensitive to variations in aquatic ecosystem conditions. We aim to analyze the variation of Chironomidae trophic guilds and their relation to the trophic state index in reservoirs in the semiarid. The study was conducted from 66 sites, distributed in the littoral zone of three reservoirs of Piranhas-Assu river, during June and December of 2014. The larvae were collected, and after identification, were classified in functional trophic groups. We applied the Trophic Status Index of Carlson, modified by Toledo for trophic classification. Sabugí reservoir was the only classified as mesotrophic (52,60±3,64) in June, where the greatest levels of diversity also occurred in the trophic guilds: gatherer-gollector (9 genera), predator (6 genera) and filterer-collector (1 genus). Higher levels of eutrophication occurred in Passagem das Traíras reservoir (84,99±6,19), the same with the smallest diversity in the guilds: gatherer-collector (3 genera) and 1 genus in the other categories. The variation of trophic guilds has been associated with trophy levels, because higher levels of degradation eliminate sensitive species, reducing the number of taxa. Thus, the Chironomidae trophic guilds demonstrate potential capacity for indicating the degree of impact to which the reservoirs are submitted.

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The evolution of the trophic state of the Palic Lake (Serbia)

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc091016043g ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 75 (5) ◽

pp. 717-732 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ivan Grzetic ◽

Natasa Camprag

Keyword(s):

Trophic State ◽

Algal Growth ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Trophic State Index ◽

Secchi Disk ◽

Secchi Disk Transparency ◽

Total Phosphorous ◽

Pannonian Plain ◽

State Index

The Palic Lake is a shallow lake typical for the Pannonian Plain. Due inadequate water quality, it was dried out in 1971 and re-established in 1977 and since than its trophicity has been worsening. Investigation of the long-term changes in the trophic state of this lake were tracked over the total phosphorous (TP), total nitrogen (TN), chlorophyll-a and Secchi disk transparency (SD transparency), expressed as the Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI). Regarding the TSI values, the water of the Palic Lake has been constantly evolving from eutrophic to hypereutrophic. TN/TP values < 10 indicate that nitrogen is the limiting factor for algal growth.

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Long-term Shifts in Dominant Phytoplankton Species and Trophic State Index in Summer in Lake Suwa

Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment ◽

10.2965/jswe.41.43 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 43-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noriko FUTATSUGI ◽

Yuichi MIYABARA ◽

Yasunori SAITO ◽

Takayuki HANAZATO ◽

Ho-Dong PARK

Keyword(s):

Trophic State ◽

Trophic State Index ◽

Phytoplankton Species ◽

Lake Suwa ◽

State Index

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Long-term variations of the trophic state index in the Narochanskie Lakes and its relation with the major hydroecological parameters

Water Resources ◽

10.1134/s009780781605002x ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 809-817 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

B. V. Adamovich ◽

T. V. Zhukova ◽

T. M. Mikheeva ◽

R. Z. Kovalevskaya ◽

E. V. Luk’yanova

Keyword(s):

Trophic State ◽

Trophic State Index ◽

State Index ◽

Long Term Variations

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APLIKASI CITRA LANDSAT 8 OLI UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI STATUS TROFIK WADUK GAJAH MUNGKUR WONOGIRI, JAWA TENGAH

MAJALAH ILMIAH GLOBE ◽

10.24895/mig.2017.19-2.633 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Kusuma Wardani Laksitaningrum ◽

Wirastuti Widyatmanti

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll A ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Trophic State ◽

Water Clarity ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Physical Factors ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Trophic State Index ◽

Landsat 8 Oli ◽

State Index

ABSTRAKWaduk Gajah Mungkur (WGM) adalah bendungan buatan yang memiliki luas genangan maksimum 8800 ha, terletak di Desa Pokoh Kidul, Kecamatan Wonogiri, Kabupaten Wonogiri. Kondisi perairan WGM dipengaruhi oleh faktor klimatologis, fisik, dan aktivitas manusia yang dapat menyumbang nutrisi sehingga mempengaruhi status trofiknya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji kemampuan citra Landsat 8 OLI untuk memperoleh parameter-parameter yang digunakan untuk menilai status trofik, menentukan dan memetakan status trofik yang diperoleh dari citra Landsat 8 OLI, dan mengevaluasi hasil pemetaan dan manfaat citra penginderaan jauh untuk identifikasi status trofik WGM. Identifikasi status trofik dilakukan berdasarkan metode Trophic State Index (TSI) Carlson (1997) menggunakan tiga parameter yaitu kejernihan air, total fosfor, dan klorofil-a. Model yang diperoleh berdasar pada rumus empiris dari hasil uji regresi antara pengukuran di lapangan dan nilai piksel di citra Landsat 8 OLI. Model dipilih berdasarkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) tertinggi. Hasil penelitian merepresentasikan bahwa nilai R2 kejernihan air sebesar 0,813, total fosfor sebesar 0,268, dan klorofil-a sebesar 0,584. Apabila nilai R2 mendekati 1, maka semakin baik model regresi dapat menjelaskan suatu parameter status trofik. Berdasarkan hasil kalkulasi diperoleh distribusi yang terdiri dari kelas eutrofik ringan, eutrofik sedang, dan eutrofik berat yaitu pada rentang nilai indeks 50,051 – 80,180. Distribusi terbesar adalah eutrofik sedang. Hal tersebut menunjukkan tingkat kesuburan perairan yang tinggi dan dapat membahayakan makhluk hidup lain.Kata kunci: Waduk Gajah Mungkur, citra Landsat 8 OLI, regresi, TSI, status trofikABSTRACTGajah Mungkur Reservoir is an artificial dam that has a maximum inundated areas of 8800 ha, located in Pokoh Kidul Village, Wonogiri Regency. The reservoir’s water conditions are affected by climatological and physical factors, as well as human activities that can contribute to nutrients that affect its trophic state. This study aimed to assess the Landsat 8 OLI capabilities to obtain parameters that are used to determine its trophic state, identifying and mapping the trophic state based on parameters derived from Landsat 8 OLI, and evaluating the results of the mapping and the benefits of remote sensing imagery for identification of its trophic state. Identification of trophic state is based on Trophic State Index (TSI) Carlson (1997), which uses three parameters there are water clarity, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a. The model is based on an empirical formula of regression between measurements in the field and the pixel values in Landsat 8 OLI. Model is selected on the highest value towards coefficient of determination (R2). The results represented that R2 of water clarity is 0.813, total phosphorus is 0.268, and chlorophyll-a is 0.584. If R2 close to 1, regression model will describe the parameters of the trophic state better. Based on the calculation the distribution consists of mild eutrophic, moderate eutrophic, and heavy eutrophic that has index values from 50.051 to 80.18. The most distribution is moderate eutrophication, and it showed the high level of trophic state and may harm other living beings.Keywords: Gajah Mungkur Reservoir, Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery, regression, TSI, trophic state

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Estimation of a Trophic State Index for selected inland lakes in Michigan, 1999–2013

Scientific Investigations Report ◽

10.3133/sir20165023 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lori M. Fuller ◽

Richard S. Jodoin

Keyword(s):

Trophic State ◽

Trophic State Index ◽

Inland Lakes ◽

State Index

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Assessment of Trophic Responses of a Reservoir to Seasonal and Annual Variations in Monsoon

Water ◽

10.3390/w13152117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 2117

Author(s):

Su-mi Kim ◽

Hyun-su Kim

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Trophic State ◽

Monsoon Season ◽

Phytoplankton Growth ◽

Phosphorus Loading ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Trophic State Index ◽

Post Monsoon ◽

Post Monsoon Season ◽

State Index

The variations in water quality parameters and trophic status of a multipurpose reservoir in response to changing intensity of monsoon rain was investigated by applying a trophic state index deviation (TSID) analysis and an empirical regression model to the data collected in two periods from 2014 to 2017. The reservoir in general maintained mesotrophic conditions, and Carlson’s trophic state index (TSIc) was affected most by TSITP. Nutrient concentrations, particularly phosphorus, did not show strong correlations with precipitation, particularly in the period with weak monsoon, and a significant increase in total phosphorus (TP) was observed in Spring 2015, indicating the possibility of internal phosphorus loading under decreased depth and stability of water body due to a lack of precipitation. TSIChl was higher than TSISD in most data in period 1 when a negligible increase in precipitation was observed in the monsoon season while a significant fraction in period 2 showed the opposite trend. Phytoplankton growth was not limited by nutrient limitation although nutrient ratios (N/P) of most samples were significantly higher than 20, indicating phosphorus-limited condition. TSID and regression analysis indicated that phytoplankton growth was limited by zooplankton grazing in the Spring, and that cell concentrations and community structure in the monsoon and post-monsoon season were controlled by the changing intensity of the monsoon, as evidenced by the positive and negative relationships between community size and cyanobacterial population with the amount of precipitation in the Summer, respectively. The possibility of contribution from internal loading and an increase in cyanobacterial population associated with weak monsoon, in addition to potential for nutrient enrichment in the post-monsoon season, implies a need for the application of more stringent water quality management in the reservoir that can handle all potential scenarios of eutrophication.

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