scholarly journals The “Fountain of Death”: A Case Series on Tracheo-innominate Artery Fistula

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Lo ◽  
Marina Mat Baki ◽  
Yeoh Xing Yi ◽  
Nik Hisyam Amirul ◽  
Zahirrudin Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Innominate Artery ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Permissive Hypotension ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Tracheo-innominate artery fistula (TIF) is a very rare complication related to tracheostomy and has been reported in 0.7% of patients, but certainly is one of the most life-threatening conditions. It is of paramount importance to maintain a high index of suspicion in evaluating patients with TIF and to anticipate occurrence of massive haemorrhage even during simple procedures related to tracheostomy such as tube change. We report 3 cases of TIF, each with a unique and unsuspecting history of the condition and review the emergency protocol in arresting the bleeding. We’ve also highlighted the potential role of permissive hypotension with sedation in improving survival outcomes of patients with TIF.

Intraorbital Abscess: A Rare Cause of Orbit Compression

FACE ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 273250162110050
Author(s):  
Samuel Ruiz ◽  
Rizal Lim
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
External Drainage ◽  
Direct Extension ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Introduction: Intraorbital abscess is a rare complication of rhinosinusitis that affects most commonly the pediatric population. It is thought to be caused by direct extension or venous spread of infections from contiguous sites and can lead to life-threatening complications, like permanent visual loss and cerebral abscesses. Objectives: Intraorbital abscess is a rare condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to avoid serious complications. Our objectives are to provide an overview of this rare disease process and its management including our successful treatment experience. Case Description: We present a 2 case report of a 13-year-old pediatric male and a 66-year-old male with history of chronic sinusitis who presented with a right intraorbital abscess successfully treated with external drainage with decompression of the orbit. Conclusion: When intraorbital abscess is encountered, a high index of suspicion is needed to allow prompt and accurate diagnosis for this infrequent condition. Timely surgical drainage of the abscess is needed to prevent the development of fatal complications.

scholarly journals Pneumonia-related pneumatoceles in infants: CT assessment and image-guided treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Mercanzin ◽  
Pietro Andrea Bonaffini ◽  
Antonino Barletta ◽  
Francesco Stanco ◽  
Clarissa Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Drainage ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Consensus Guidelines ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Life Threatening

Lung pneumatoceles represent a potential life-threatening complication of pneumonia in infants, especially when they do not spontaneously reabsorb. In this category of patients, scientific literature lacks and no consensus guidelines for management have been proposed. Imaging plays a key role in the diagnosis, characterization, and follow-up of pneumatoceles. Image-guided percutaneous drainage can be considered a safe and effective treatment in children, although it is not widely recognized in newborns and infants. The aim of this case series review is to describe the main CT features of complicated or persistent pneumatoceles in infants and to highlight the potential role of image-guided percutaneous drainage as an effective approach for their treatment. Successful management of four infants affected by pneumonia-related pneumatoceles with percutaneous drainage is presented.

scholarly journals Case Series of Three Patients with Rifampicin-Induced Thrombocytopenia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandramouli M.T
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Effective Drug ◽  
Antitubercular Drugs ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Life Threatening

AbstractLife-threatening adverse reactions of antitubercular drugs are uncommon; however, thrombocytopenia is one such rare complication encountered with rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Rifampicin is the most effective drug and its use in the tuberculosis treatment led to the emergence of modern and effective short-course regimens. I am reporting case series of three patients with pulmonary tuberculosis presented with rifampicin-induced thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Pulmonary Hypertension Associated With Neurofibromatosis Type 2

2021 ◽  
pp. 204589402110295
Author(s):  
Hirohisa Taniguchi ◽  
Tomoya Takashima ◽  
Ly Tu ◽  
Raphaël Thuillet ◽  
Asuka Furukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
First Time

Although precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare but severe complication of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), its association with NF2 remains unknown. Herein, we report a case of a 44-year-old woman who was initially diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and treated with PAH-specific combination therapy. However, a careful assessment for a relevant family history of the disease and genetic testing reveal that this patient had a mutation in the NF2 gene. Using immunofluorescence and Western blotting, we demonstrated a decrease in endothelial NF2 protein in lungs from IPAH patients compared to control lungs, suggesting a potential role of NF2 in PAH development. To our knowledge, this is the first time that precapillary PH has been described in a patient with NF2. The altered endothelial NF2 expression pattern in PAH lungs should stimulate work to better understand how NF2 is contributing to the pulmonary vascular remodeling associated to these severe life-threatening conditions.

scholarly journals Case Report: Clostridium neonatale Bacteremia in a Preterm Neonate With Necrotizing Enterocolitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadim Cassir ◽  
Isabelle Grandvuillemin ◽  
Manon Boxberger ◽  
Priscilla Jardot ◽  
Farid Boubred ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Preterm Neonate ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Environmental Cleaning ◽  
Life Threatening

Necrotizing enterocolitis is a life-threatening acquired gastrointestinal disorder among preterm neonates and is associated with a high mortality rate and long-term neurodevelopmental morbidity. No etiologic agent has been definitively established; nonetheless, the most implicated bacteria include members of the Clostridium genus. We reported here on a case of Clostridium neonatale bacteremia in a preterm neonate with necrotizing enterocolitis, providing more information regarding the potential role of this bacterium in pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis. We emphasized the sporulating form of C. neonatale that confers resistance to disinfectants usually applied for the hospital environmental cleaning. Further works are needed to establish the causal relationship between the occurrence of NEC and the isolation of C. neonatale, with promising perspectives in terms of diagnostic and therapeutic management.

Invasive cardiac aspergillosis as contiguous infiltration from mediastinum: Imaging evaluation using cardiac MRI

2021 ◽  
pp. 021849232110646
Author(s):  
Arun Sharma ◽  
Shayeri Roy Choudhury ◽  
Ajay Bahl ◽  
Uma Nahar ◽  
Manphool Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Mri ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Invasive cardiac aspergillosis is a rare, potentially fatal disease which poses a significant diagnostic challenge. Combination of clinical details, imaging features, fungal markers, serology and fungal isolation with demonstration of invasion is usually necessary to establish the diagnosis. High index of suspicion is the key for early diagnosis with potential role of cardiac MRI in its early detection, delineation of extent of involvement and guidance to the appropriate site for tissue sampling, thereby allowing for improved prognosis with early institution of appropriate therapy.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori bacteremia: an unusual finding

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Concetta De Luca ◽  
Annalisa Mancin ◽  
Maria Calabrò ◽  
Cristina Daleno ◽  
Antonella Ferrario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Subtotal Gastrectomy ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Stomach Surgery ◽  
Unusual Finding

We report a case of <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> transient bacteremia in a woman with ulcerated antral gastric cancer. The patient was hospitalized for laparoscopy and subtotal gastrectomy. After surgery she developed fever (39°C) and was empirically treated with levofloxacin. Blood cultures, collected and sent immediately to Laboratory, were positive for a spiral Gramnegative bacterium. This isolate was identified as <em>H. pylori</em> and the specific susceptibility test was performed. One day after the fever was decreased but antibiotic treatment with levofloxacin was continued and it was maintained until discharge. In summary, <em>H. pylori</em> transient bacteremia may occur as a rare complication after stomach surgery. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the potential role of <em>H</em>. <em>pylori</em> presence in blood.

scholarly journals Giant Intrahepatic Subcapsular Haematoma: A Rare Complication following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy—A Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Eltaib Saad ◽  
Lauren O’Connell ◽  
Anne M. Browne ◽  
W. Khan ◽  
R. Waldron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Complication ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Postoperative Monitoring ◽  
Refractory Hypotension ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomography Scan

We report on a 59-year-old female with symptomatic cholelithiasis on a background of morbid obesity who underwent an elective LC with an uncomplicated intraoperative course; however, she experienced a refractory hypotension within one hour postoperatively with an acute haemoglobin drop requiring fluid resuscitation and blood transfusion. A triphasic computed tomography scan revealed a large intrahepatic subcapsular haematoma (ISH) measuring 21   cm × 3.1   cm × 17   cm surrounding the lateral surface of the right hepatic lobe without active bleeding. She was managed conservatively with serial monitoring of haemoglobin and haematoma size. A follow-up ultrasound scan after eight weeks confirmed complete resolution of the haematoma. Giant ISH is a fairly rare, but life-threatening complication following LC which merits special attention. This case demonstrates the necessity of close postoperative monitoring of patients undergoing LC and considering the possibility of ISH, although being rare event, in those who experience a refractory postoperative hypotension. It also highlights the decisive role of diagnostic imaging in securing a timely and accurate diagnosis of post LC-ISH.

scholarly journals Vaping in today’s pandemic: E-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury mimicking COVID-19 in teenagers presenting with respiratory distress

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2096959
Author(s):  
Daphne O Darmawan ◽  
Kriti Gwal ◽  
Brian D Goudy ◽  
Sanjay Jhawar ◽  
Kiran Nandalike
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

The clinical presentation of children and adolescents infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can range from asymptomatic to mild or moderate manifestations. We present a case series of three adolescents who presented during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with symptoms concerning for COVID-19, including fever, abdominal symptoms, cough, respiratory distress, and hypoxemia. Their laboratory results showed elevated inflammatory markers that are also commonly seen in COVID-19. The chest imaging studies mimicked COVID-19 with non-specific ground glass opacities and interstitial prominence patterns. However, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 testing was negative and further questioning of these adolescents and their parents revealed a history of vaping marijuana-related products leading to the eventual diagnosis of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury. Our patients were successfully treated with corticosteroids. The providers caring for pediatric patients, especially adolescents, should continue to have a high index of suspicion for e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury in patients presenting with unexplained respiratory failure, while ruling out COVID-19.

scholarly journals Hemorrhagic Shock as a Sequela of Splenic Rupture in a Patient with Infectious Mononucleosis: Focus on the Potential Role of Salicylates

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Bouliaris ◽  
Dimos Karangelis ◽  
Marios Daskalopoulos ◽  
Konstantinos Spanos ◽  
Michael Fanariotis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Splenic Rupture ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Hemorrhagic Complication ◽  
Spontaneous Splenic Rupture ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Life Threatening

Despite the fact that the vast majority of splenic ruptures are traumatic, infectious mononucleosis has been incriminated as a major predisposing factor that affects the integrity of the spleen, thus causing atraumatic ruptures and life-threatening hemorrhages. Herein we present a case of a 23-year-old Caucasian male who underwent an emergency laparotomy for acute abdomen and hemorrhagic shock, caused by spontaneous splenic rupture secondary to infectious mononucleosis. The potential role of salicylates in the development of a hemorrhagic complication in a patient with infectious mononucleosis is discussed.

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