scholarly journals Evaluation of Seeding Rate and Cultivar Effects on Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seeded in 76-cm Row Spacing

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. Plumblee ◽  
R.S. Tubbs ◽  
E.P. Prostko ◽  
N.B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Canopy Closure ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Single Row ◽  
University Of Georgia ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Primary Means

ABSTRACT Standard row spacing for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Georgia is 91-cm in a single-row pattern. Narrower row spacings are often used in crops grown in rotation with peanut. Therefore, converting peanut to narrower row spacing may be easier and beneficial to some growers if cultivars and seeding rates can be identified that can be grown in narrow rows without a reduction in yield and grade. Based on current University of Georgia recommendations, peanut is typically planted at 19 seed/m with a 91-cm row spacing. Using narrower row spacing and constant seeding rates, increased seed costs would be observed. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the influence of cultivars and seeding rate in peanut planted in 76-cm single rows on yield, grade, and tomato spotted wilt virus (tospovirus) (TSWV) incidence. Experiments were conducted in 2008, 2010, and 2014 in Tifton, GA and in 2014 at Camilla, GA. Treatments were comprised of three cultivars (varying each year) and three seeding rates (14, 17, and 19 seed/m). Results indicate that pod yield, grade, and TSWV incidence were not affected by seeding rate. Seeding rate significantly influenced plant density where 14, 17, and 19 seed/m seeding rates resulted in 12.1, 13.2, and 13.8 peanut plants/m, respectively equating to a 9% and subsequent 4% increase in plant density as seeding rate increased. Seeding rate did not affect the rate of canopy closure, but cv. Georgia-12Y and TUFRunner™ ‘511’ had faster canopy closure than Georgia-06G. Peanut grade (total sound mature kernels) was not influenced by seeding rate, but did differ between cultivars. From these results, it can be concluded that 76-cm single-row can provide adequate yield and grade across multiple seeding rates. In addition, this study confirms that cultivar selection is the primary means for reducing TSWV incidence and altering grade in 76-cm peanut production.

scholarly journals Influence of Row Spacing, Seeding Rates and Herbicide Systems on the Competitiveness and Yield of Peanuts1

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Hauser ◽  
G. A. Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Row Crop ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Normal Seed

Abstract Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L. ‘Florunner’), infested with sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia L.) were grown during 1977 and 1978 in 20.3-, 40.6- and 81.2-cm row widths (on Dothan sandy loam and on Greenville sandy clay loam). The crop was maintained weed-free for 0, 2, or 5 weeks or for the entire growing season. Three herbicidal systems with various intensities were utilized. In 1978, reduced and regular rates of in-row crop seeding were compared. Weed-free maintenance for 5 weeks generally produced yields of peanuts equivalent to those obtained with continuous weeding. Sicklepod green weights were reduced by 28 and 53% in peanuts with row spacings of 40.6 and 20.3 cm, respectively, as compared to standard 81.2 cm spaced rows. Peanuts in close-row patterns yielded about 14% higher than the conventional 81.2 cm row spacing when averaged for all studies. Adjustments of the in-row seeding rate to produce a more normal seed-drop per hectare reduced the yield of peanuts only 1 to 3% and, therefore, did not negate the increased yields produced with close-row spacings.

scholarly journals Effects of seeding date and seeding rate on yield, proximate composition and total tannins content of two Kabuli chickpea cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Ruggeri ◽  
Riccardo Primi ◽  
Pier Paolo Danieli ◽  
Bruno Ronchi ◽  
Francesco Rossini
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Marked Resistance ◽  
Considerable Range

Experiments were conducted in open field to assess the effect of seeding season and density on the yield, the chemical composition and the accumulation of total tannins in grains of two chickpea (<em>Cicer arietinum</em> L.) cultivars (<em>Pascià</em> and <em>Sultano</em>). Environmental conditions and genetic factors considerably affected grain yield, nutrient and total tannins content of chickpea seeds, giving a considerable range in its qualitative characteristics. Results confirmed cultivar selection as a central factor when a late autumn-early winter sowing is performed. In effect, a more marked resistance to Ascochyta blight (AB) of <em>Sultano</em>, allowed better agronomic performances when favourable-to-AB climatic conditions occur. Winter sowing appeared to be the best choice in the Mediterranean environment when cultivating to maximise the grain yield (+19%). Spring sowing improved crude protein (+10%) and crude fibre (+8%) content, whereas it did not significantly affect the accumulation of anti-nutrients compounds such as total tannins. The most appropriate seeding rate was 70 seeds m–2, considering that plant density had relatively little effect on the parameters studied.

scholarly journals The Optimization of Some Peanuts (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Technology Sequences on the Irrigated Ash Deposits

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia CONSTANTINESCU ◽  
Dorina BONEA ◽  
M. STEFAN ◽  
Luminita SANDU ◽  
M. GIORGOTA
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
High Water ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Surface Unit ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Long Time

Of the analysis of the soil and clime conditions that are characteristic for the ash deposits as well as from the observations on the behavior of an enriched array of species, on these terrains there was observed the possibility of obtaining good results with the peanuts crop on the terrains covered by powerplant ash. There was chosen the Arachis hypogaea L. due to its capacity to capitalize the ash covered terrains, as well as by protecting by its vegetal mass a long time period of the vegetation period, decreasing the ash drift and the reduction of the environment pollution that is near the ash deposits. In supporting this species there was considered the thermic favorable regime of the zone, the high sunshine, the light texture, high water permeability of the deposited material, the plant density to the surface unit and the covering degree of the terrain by vegetal mass, that are favorable features in controlling the ash drift and environment pollution.

Weed Management in Minimum-Tillage Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) as Influenced by Cultivar, Row Spacing, and Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Colvin ◽  
Glenn R. Wehtje ◽  
Mike Patterson ◽  
Robert H. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Naphthylphthalamic Acid ◽  
Peanut Production

Field experiments were conducted in 1982 and 1983 on a Dothan sandy loam (Plinthic Paleudult) at Headland, AL, to investigate minimum-tillage production of peanuts (Arachis hypogaeaL.). The experiments included two peanut varieties: a) ‘Pronto’ (an earlier maturing Spanish type), and b) ‘Florunner’ (a later maturing runner type). Two row-spacing patterns were used: a) conventional 91-cm rows, and b) a modified twin 18-cm row pattern. A constant seeding rate (140 kg/ha) was used regardless of row spacing. Six herbicide systems were evaluated within each combination of variety and row spacing. The Florunner variety outyielded the Pronto variety across both years and weed management systems. Modified twin 18-cm rows outyielded conventional 91-cm rows across years and peanut varieties. Two of the six weed management systems were successful: 1) paraquat (1,1’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridinium ion) + oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsulfanilamide) (preemergence), paraquat (ground cracking), naptalam (N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid) + dinoseb (2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol) (postemergence); and 2) paraquat + pendimethalin [N-(1-ethylpropyl-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] (preemergence), acetochlor [2-chloro-N(ethoxymethyl)-6’-ethyl-o-acetotoluidide] + dinoseb (ground cracking), and cyanazine {2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-s-triazine-2-yl]amino]-2-methylpropionitrile} (early postdirected spray). Both systems provided the best overall control of Texas panicum (Panicum texanumBuckl. ♯ PANTE), Florida beggarweed [Desmodium tortuosum(Sw.) DC. ♯ DEDTO], and sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL. ♯ CASOB) and were acceptable for use in minimum-tillage peanut production.

EFFECT OF ROW SPACING AND SEEDING RATES ON SUMMER RAPE IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. MORRISON ◽  
P. B. E. McVETTY ◽  
R. SCARTH
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Lower Plant

To determine the effects of varying plant densities on summer rape (Brassica napus L.), the cultivar Westar was seeded in 15- and 30-cm row spacings at seeding rates of 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 kg ha−1. Plants seeded in 15-cm rows yielded more per area, produced more pods per plant and lodged less than those in 30-cm rows. Higher yields were associated with a more even plant distribution and a lower degree of intra-row competition. There were no significant protein, oil and chlorophyll concentration differences between the row spacing treatments. The highest yields (kg ha−1) were achieved with the 1.5 and 3.0 kg ha−1 seeding rates. Summer rape compensated for lower plant densities with the production of more branch racemes. As seeding rate increased, competitive mortality increased, resulting in greater etiolation at bolting, and greater lodging at harvest. Seed oil and protein concentrations were not affected by seeding rate. However, seed chlorophyll concentration decreased with increased seeding rate.Key words: Brassica napus, plant density, seed quality, rape (summer)

Effect of fertilizers, irrigation and plant density on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L)

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Ramesh Babu ◽  
S Rami Reddy ◽  
GHS Reddi ◽  
DS Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

scholarly journals Effects of Plant Density and Planting Pattern on Growth and Seed Yield of Groundnuts [Arachis hypogaea (l.)] in the Wet Middleveld of Eswatini

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
N. Magagula ◽  
M. P. Mabuza ◽  
N. Zubuko
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Optimum Growth ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
The University

The most appropriate plant density and planting pattern to use for optimum growth and yield of groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Eswatini among those currently used is not known, as the patterns are highly influenced by environmental conditions in specific regions. A field trial was conducted with the objective of determining the optimum plant density and planting pattern for groundnut in the Wet Middleveld of Eswatini. The experiment was conducted at the University of Eswatini, Luyengo Campus during the 2018/2019 cropping. The treatments consisted of three planting densities (i.e. 88,889 plants/ha, 44,444 plants/ha, and 29,630 plants/ha) and two planting patterns (i.e. Ridges and Raisedbeds) in a split plot arrangement. Results showed that all the measured parameters including seed yield were not significantly different in all treatments. However, the highest seed yield was obtained at low plant density which was 71.4 kg/ha followed by 568 kg/ha at medium and the least was 434 kg/ha at high plant density. The high plant density (88889 plants/ha) obtained the highest value of dry biomass (13018 kg/ha) at ridges which was higher than 3859 kg/ha obtained at the low plant density (29630 plants/ha) at raised beds at R6 growth stage. The ridges at the intermediate plant density (44444 plants per hectare) obtained the highest shelling percentage of 59.67% while the lowest (56%) shelling percentage was obtained at raised beds at 88889 plants per hectare. It is concluded that groundnuts at raised beds with low plant density yielded higher than those at ridges with high plant density. It is therefore, recommended that groundnuts be planted at raised beds with low plant density to increase groundnut production and for ease of harvesting.

scholarly journals Effect of seed rate and row spacing on grain yield of sorghum

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
MR Gondal ◽  
A Hussain ◽  
S Yasin ◽  
M Musa ◽  
HS Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

An experiment to investigate the effect of seed rate (5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 kg ha-1) and row spacing (30, 45 and 60cm) on agronomic characteristics of plants including stem densitym-2, plant height, stem diameter, number of heads m-2, number of heads per plant, number of grains per head, 1000-grain weight and grain yield was conducted using the cultivar “Sorghum 2011” for two years 2016 and 2017. Seed rates and row spacing had significant effect on plant height, plant density m-2, number of heads m-2, number of grains per head and grain yield. Row spacing had non-significant effect on stem diameter, number of heads per plant and 1000-grain weight. Row spacing at 30 cm produced the highest number of plants m-2 and plant height. Plant height increased with increase in seed rate in all the row spacing. Stem diameter decreased with increase in the seed rate and row spacing. Narrow row spacing (30 cm) and low seeding rate (5 kg ha-1) produced the maximum grain yield consistently during both years. Lower yields were recorded in the treatments having greater row spacing (60 cm) and higher seed rates (7.5, 10, 12.5 & 15 kg ha-1). Higher seed rates and wider row spacing induced morphological changes rendering plants to lodging.SAARC J. Agri., 15(2): 81-91 (2017)

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