scholarly journals Observance of National Traditions as a Factor of Preservation of Kyrgyz Identity

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Rahat Mukambetovna Mukasheva
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
First Year ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
First Year Of Life

The author emphasizes the importance of national traditions in preserving the Kyrgyz identity. The article represents the Kyrgyz national traditions, which are associated with the birth of a child and celebrated in the first year of life. The work introduces readers to the traditions and customs of the Kyrgyz people of the early XX century, described by Soviet ethnographers, and with their modern versions. The author pays attention to a detailed description of the rituals performed and explains the importance of Kyrgyz traditions for representatives of the Kyrgyz ethnic group. The purpose of the article is to familiarize a wide range of readers with the national traditions of the Kyrgyz people, their origins, and their significance. Research methods: The work is built on the methods of observation and description and uses folk traditions observed by members of the Kyrgyz ethnic group as a basis. As a result of this analysis, the author concludes that the traditions of ancient times are of importance to the Kyrgyz people. The author also notes the importance of preserving and observing folk traditions for the people's self-identification as a single ethnic group, not only for the Kyrgyz living on the ancestral territory but also for the Kyrgyz living outside their homeland.

scholarly journals Multimodal Study of Adult-Infant Interaction: A Review of Its Origins and Its Current Status

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (65) ◽  
pp. 377-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soledad Carretero Pérez ◽  
Silvia Ana Español
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Current Status ◽  
First Year ◽  
Central Topic ◽  
Interaction Studies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Early Interaction

Abstract An interpretative review of research on adult-infant interactions involving the analysis of movement behaviors is presented, systematically linking previous studies to current research on the subject. Forty-two articles analyzing the dyad's interactive movement in the period 1970-2015 were found. Twelve papers were excluded, including only those that studied the phenomenon in the baby's first year of life. The results revealed that movement was a central topic in early interaction studies in the 70s. In the 1980's and 1990's, its study was marginal and it is currently resurging under the embodiment perspective. The conceptual framework and research methods used in the pioneering work are presented, and the thematic foci shared with current research are highlighted. Thus, essential keys are provided for the updated study of early interactions from a multimodal perspective.

scholarly journals Visual and refractive status of children with Down's syndrome and nystagmus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma A A Zahidi ◽  
Lee McIlreavy ◽  
Jonathan T Erichsen ◽  
J Margaret Woodhouse
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
First Year ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Refraction Data

Background/Aims: Children with Down's syndrome (DS) are known to have poorer visual acuity that neurotypical children. One report has shown that children with DS and nystagmus also have poor acuity when compared to typical children with nystagmus. What has not been established, is the extent of any acuity deficit due to nystagmus and whether nystagmus impacts on refractive error is within a population with DS. Methods: Clinical records from The Cardiff University Down's Syndrome Vision Research Unit were examined retrospectively. Binocular visual acuity and refraction data were available for 50 children who had DS and nystagmus (DSN) and 176 children who had DS but no nystagmus. Data were compared between the two groups, and with published data for neurotypical children with nystagmus. Results: The study confirms the deficit in acuity in DS, compared to neurotypical children, of approximately 0.2 LogMAR and shows a further deficit attributable to nystagmus of a further 0.2 logMAR beyond the first year of life. Children with DS and no nystagmus appear to have acuity that mirrors that of typical children with nystagmus, while children with both DS and nystagmus have a significant additional impairment. Children with DS have a wide range of refractive errors, but nystagmus increases the likelihood of myopia. Prevalence and axis direction of astigmatism, on the other hand appears unaffected by nystagmus. Conclusion: Nystagmus confers an additional visual impairment on children with Down's syndrome and must be recognised as such by families and educators. Children with both DS and nystagmus clearly need targeted support.

scholarly journals Evidence of tutoring in the development of subsong in newly-fledged Meyer's Parrots Poicephalus meyeri

2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Masin ◽  
Renato Massa ◽  
Luciana Bottoni
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
Zebra Finches ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Poephila Guttata ◽  
Time Parameters ◽  
First Year Of Life

Subsongs are vocal trials uttered by young birds to practice songs. Among songbirds, subsongs are displayed by individuals in their first year of life. Studies on Zebra Finches Poephila guttata suggest that the juveniles learn their songs from a vocal tutor, their father. In this study we examine the subsongs in six captive-born Meyer's Parrots Poicephalus meyeri, from fledging time to weaning. Recordings of songs from chicks and fathers were analyzed for similarities in frequency and time parameters. With age, the subsongs of the chicks became more similar to the vocalizations of the fathers with 20% similarity rating in the first week after fledging to 100% at weaning time. Moreover, fledged chicks were exposed to a wide range of stimuli from several species of parrots breeding pairs caged nearby but chicks exclusively learned their fathers' songs. Our data support the hypothesis that Meyer's Parrots are vocal learners and use their father as their tutor.

The palivizumab patchwork: Variation in guidelines for Respiratory Syncytial Virus prevention across Canadian provinces and territories

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Jalink ◽  
Joanne M Langley
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
First Year ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Premature Children ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Local Pressures ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Background Respiratory Syncytial Virus is the leading cause of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infection in young children. The only preventive intervention is an anti-Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) monoclonal antibody (palivizumab, Synagis) administered as monthly intramuscular injections during the winter. Recommendations for palivizumab use have been published by the Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) and other agencies. We sought to determine if there was interjurisdictional variation in eligibility for palivizumab across provinces and territories and in comparison to CPS recommendations, as well as the nature of this variation. Methods Eligibility criteria were obtained from personnel coordinating provincial and territorial programs and from public governmental websites. Results All 13 jurisdictions provided information about their palivizumab eligibility policies. No province or territory (PT) follows CPS guidelines exactly and substantial heterogeneity exists among jurisdictions. All PT jurisdictions provide prophylaxis in the first year of life to infants with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease or chronic lung disease on ongoing therapy for those conditions, and to premature children in remote areas. In general, PTs had more liberal policies than the CPS, offering palivizumab to a wide range of children with conditions such as cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome or to moderately premature children with risk factors. Conclusions Substantial variation in PT criteria for RSV prevention exists in Canada, and no jurisdiction follows CPS criteria exactly. Variability in subnational policy may reflect access to human or material resources, varying interpretation of evidence for efficacy, variation in epidemiology, the effect of local pressures, or advocacy.

scholarly journals The Articulatory Function of the Larynx and the Origins of Speech

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Esling
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
First Year ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
And Control

<p>The ‘laryngeal articulator,’ consisting of the glottal mechanism, the supraglottic tube, the pharyngeal/epiglottal mechanism, and including three levels of folds: the vocal folds, the ventricular folds, and the aryepiglottic folds, is shown to be responsible for the generation of multiple source vibrations and for the complex modification of the pharyngeal resonating chamber that accounts for a wide range of contrastive auditory qualities. These qualities are observed in a surprisingly large number of the languages of the world, both linguistically and paralinguistically, and they account for sounds which have been labeled as ‘pharyngeal,’ as ‘epiglottal,’ and as various phonation types. They reflect an expanding range of what have been known as the ‘states of the glottis’ and which may be more properly termed ‘states of the larynx.’ It has also been observed that infants, in their first months of life, produce a range of qualities, reflecting both phonatory possibilities and stricture types, that can also be attributed to the laryngeal articulator mechanism. Systematic observation of infants’ early speech production reveals that the control of articulatory detail in the pharynx is mastered during the first year of life. Understanding and control of manner of articulation in the pharynx appears to be a prerequisite for expanding articulatory control into the oral vocal tract. Taking the pharynx as a starting point for the ontogenetic learning of the speech production capacity offers fruitful insights into the phylogenetic development of speech.</p>

scholarly journals СРОКИ ПОСЕВА И ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ АГРОЦЕНОЗА ЛЮЦЕРНЫ ИЗМЕНЧИВОЙ ПЕРВОГО ГОДА ЖИЗНИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.А. Gushchina ◽  
О.А. Timoshkin ◽  
G.V. Ilyina ◽  
G.N. Volodkina
Keyword(s):  
Black Soil ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
First Year ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Abiotic Stress Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Yields ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Sowing Period

В связи с широким ареалом возделывания люцерны и повышения эффективности её использования в современном сельском хозяйстве необходимо внедрять сорта нового поколения, обладающие широкой амплитудой устойчивости к абиотическим стрессовым факторам. Разработка приемов возделывания люцерны изменчивой сорта Дарья предусматривает использование резервов фотосинтетической деятельности для повышения её продуктивности. Поэтому целью исследований является определение оптимального срока посева люцерны изменчивой, при котором формируются высокие урожаи за счет лучшего использования фотосинтетической функции растений. Эксперимент проводили на опытном поле Пензенского ИСХ филиала ФГБНУ Федеральный центр лубяных культур в 2017-2019 гг. на черноземе выщелоченном, где изучали четыре срока посева: первый ранневесенний (1-10 мая), совпадающий с физической спелостью почвы второй - поздневесенний (20-30 мая) и два срока посева, проведенные в летний период: 1-10 июня, последующий с интервалом в 30 дней к предыдущему. Годы исследований характеризовались как сухие и засушливые. Наиболее оптимальные условия для развития ассимиляционной поверхности растений первого года жизни складывались на ранневесенних посевах, где площадь листьев была наибольшей 30,5 тыс. м2/га. По мере сокращения вегетационного периода наблюдается снижение индекса листовой поверхности в 1,5 раза. Наиболее интенсивное формирование ассимиляционной поверхности происходило в 2017 году и ее площадь составила 35,819,7 тыс. м2/га, максимума она достигала при раннем посеве. В этом же году отмечена наибольшая величина фотосинтетического потенциала 10012638 тыс. м2 сутки/га. В среднем за три года максимальный 2129,3 тыс. м2сутки/га он формировался у растений при посеве ранней весной, а чистая продуктивность фотосинтеза находилась в диапазоне от 0,87 до 0,93 г/м2 сутки. Наибольший показатель установлен при ранних посевах, что способствовало накоплению 2,0 т/га сухого вещества.Due to the wide range of cultivation of alfalfa and increasing the efficiency of its use in modern agriculture, it is necessary to introduce varieties of a new generation with a wide amplitude of resistance to abiotic stress factors. The development of methods for cultivating variegated alfalfa of the Dariya variety involves the use of reserves of photosynthetic activity to increase its productivity. Therefore, the aim of the research was to determine the optimal sowing period for variagated alfalfa, at which high yields could be formed due to the better use of the photosynthetic function of plants. The experiment was conducted on the experimental field of Penza Agricultural Institute - a branch of the Federal Center for Bast Crops in 2017-2019. The soil was leached chernozem (black soil). Four sowing periods were studied: the first - early spring (May, 1-10), coinciding with the physical ripeness of the soil the second - late spring (May, 20-30) the other two were carried out in the summer period: the third - June, 1-10 and the fourth - in 30 days after the previous one. The years of the research were characterized as dry. The most optimal conditions for the development of the assimilation surface of plants of the first year of life were formed in early spring crops, where the leaf area was the largest - 30.5 thousand m2/ha. As the growing season decreased, a 1.5 times decrease in the leaf surface index was observed. The most intensive formation of the assimilation surface took place in 2017 and its area was 35.8...19.7 thousand m2/ha, reaching its maximum during early sowing. In the same year, the highest value of photosynthetic potential of 1001...2638 thousand m2 day/ha was noted. On average, over three years, the maximum potential of 2129.3 thousand m2day/ha was formed in plants during sowing in early spring, and the net productivity of photosynthesis was in the range from 0.87 to 0.93 g/m2 day. The highest index was established during early sowing, which contributed to the accumulation of 2.0 t/ha of dry matter.

scholarly journals Eczema herpeticum in a child in the first year of life: a clinical case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-430
Author(s):  
H M Vahitov ◽  
A G Makhmutova ◽  
L M Ziyatdinova ◽  
M S Pospelov
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
First Year ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Eczema Herpeticum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
First Year Of Life

This article describes up-to-date information about aetiology and pathogenesis of course of herpetic eczema. The authors highlighted new approaches to diagnosis and therapy of Kaposi varicelliform eruption in children of early age. It was described the results of own observations of the child in the first year of life with Kaposi varicelliform eruption and experience of application-sorption therapy in the treatment of this disease. The high efficiency of application-sorption therapy in skin lesions caused by combination of infection and allergy in children was noted. The clinical case examined allowed to assess the full complexity of differential diagnostic approaches in verification of eczema herpeticum. For a wide range of paediatricians and surgeons, algorithms for diagnosis and therapeutic tactics were described in the case of Kaposi varicelliform eruption.

scholarly journals Giant hepatic hemangiomas in newborns, review literature. Two cases of giant congenital hepatic hemangiomas

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Podkamenev ◽  
Arina R. Syrtsova ◽  
Roman A. Ti ◽  
Svetlana V. Kuzminykh ◽  
Gleb V. Kondratiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
First Year ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Perinatal Center ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Hepatic Hemangiomas

Hemangiomas are the most frequent tumors of childhood age. In the first year of life their prevalence is 1012%. Among premature children, the prevalence of hemangiomas correlates with the degree of prematurity. Liver hemangiomas are a wide range of benign vascular formations that can acquire both malignant course and capable of spontaneous regression. Small-sized hemangiomas generally do not require specific treatment and proceed asymptomally. Large-sized formations can cause life-threatening conditions such as severe thrombocytopenia with coagulopathy (KazabahMerrit syndrome), anaemia, tumor hemorrhage, spontaneous and traumatic tumor breaks, heart failure associated with intra-tumor bypass of blood flow, abdominal compression syndrome, severe hypothyroidism. Diagnosis of this pathology is carried out on the basis of a set of data of medical imaging, laboratory diagnostics and clinical picture. This review presents key points of general classification, the most characteristic diagnostic signs, as well as basic algorithms of treatment of liver hemangiomas in newborns and children of the first year of life. There are also described 2 clinical cases of newborns with giant liver hemangiomas, which were examined and treated in the pathology department of newborns and infants of Perinatal Center of St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University with a description of the peculiarities of the course of each of them.

scholarly journals Molt and Plumage Terminology of Howell et al. (2003) Still May not Reflect Homologies

The Condor ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest J. Willoughby
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Related Species ◽  
First Year ◽  
P System ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Forty-five years ago Humphrey and Parkes (1959) introduced their system of nomenclature for molts and plumages (the H-P system). They claimed that their biologically neutral terminology, independent of the bird's life cycle events, could accurately reflect homologies of molts and plumages across a wide range of avian taxa. Soon, however, several investigators reported trouble adapting the terminology to unusual sequences of molts and plumages, and others expressed doubts that it could accurately reflect true phylogenetic homologies. Howell et al. (2003) reviewed these problems and proposed a modification of the original H-P system that identifies the juvenal plumage as the first basic plumage, and any postjuvenal plumages that are not repeated in later plumage cycles as formative plumages. By doing this, they solved the problem of adapting the original H-P system to plumages of the first year of life in many species. However, they have not overcome the arguments of Stresemann (1963) and Amadon (1966) that patterns of molting and plumage are so variable, and so subject to natural selection, that there is doubt that the H-P terminology can reveal phylogenetic homologies even among closely related species. Molting and plumage sequences within a clade comprising four species of the genus Carduelis confirm that within this limited grouping, molting and plumages are highly variable, and apparent homologies are not revealed in the H-P terminology as modified by Howell et al. La Terminología de la Muda y el Plumaje de Howell et al. (2003) Podría no Reflejar Aún las Homologías Resumen. Hace cuarenta y cinco años, Humphrey y Parkes (1959) introdujeron su sistema de nomenclatura para la muda y el plumaje (el sistema H-P). Ellos sugirieron que su terminología biológicamente neutra, independiente de los eventos del ciclo de vida de las aves, podría reflejar con exactitud las homologías de la muda y el plumaje a través de un amplio espectro de taxa. Sin embargo, poco después varios investigadores notaron problemas al adaptar la terminología a secuencias inusuales de muda y plumajes, y otros expresaron dudas en cuanto a si podría reflejar con exactitud las verdaderas homologías filogenéticas. Howell et al. (2003) revisaron estos problemas y propusieron una modificación del sistema H-P original que identifica el plumaje juvenil como el primer plumaje básico, y cualquier plumaje post-juvenil que no se repita en ciclos posteriores del plumaje como plumaje formativo. Haciendo esto, solucionaron el problema de adaptar el sistema H-P original a plumajes del primer año de vida de muchas especies. Sin embargo, no lograron resolver las críticas de Stresemann (1963) y Amadon (1966) de que los patrones de muda y plumaje son tan variables y tan propensos a ser afectados por selección natural, que es dudoso que la terminología H-P pueda revelar homologías filogenéticas, aún entre especies estrechamente relacionadas. Las secuencias de muda y plumaje al interior de un clado formado por cuatro especies del género Carduelis confirman que dentro de este limitado grupo, la muda y el plumaje son áltamente variables y que algunas homologías aparentes no son reveladas por la terminología H-P con las modificaciones de Howell et al.

Language Disorders in the Preschool Years

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence B. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Language Intervention ◽  
First Year ◽  
Preschool Language ◽  
Language Problems ◽  
First Year Of Life

To sum up, developments in the area of preschool language disorders will center on both early identification and intervention. Current research methods that examine infants’ ability to process language might be refined to the point where they can serve as a means of identifying likely language problems in infants in the first year of life. Future language intervention activities might well benefit from research focusing on the prosodic contours of the young child’s language input, the relationships that hold among subunits of the grammar, and the role of autobiographical memory in children’s developing knowledge about themselves.

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