CLEANING UP EMERGENCY OIL SPILLS FROM THE WATER SURFACE WITH MAGNETIC ADSORBENTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury Rubanov ◽  
Yury Rubanov ◽  
Yulia Tokach ◽  
Yulia Tokach ◽  
Marina Vasilenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Steelmaking Slag ◽  
Magnetic Adsorbents ◽  
Ratio Of Components ◽  
Iron Ore Concentrate ◽  
Electric Furnace Steelmaking

There was suggested a method of obtaining a complex adsorbent with magnetic properties for the oil spill clean-up from the water surface by means of controlled magnetic field. As magnetic filler a finely-dispersed iron-ore concentrate in the form of magnetite, obtained by wet magnetic separation of crushed iron ore, was suggested. As an adsorbing component the disintegrating electric-furnace steelmaking slag, obtained by dry air-cooling method, was selected. The mass ratio of components slag:magnetite is 1(1,5÷2,0). For cleaning up emergency oil spills with the suggested magnetic adsorbent a facility, which is installed on a twin-hulled oil recovery vessel, was designed. The vessel contains a rectangular case between the vessel hulls with inlet and outlet for the treated water, the bottom of which is a permanently moving belt. Above the belt, at the end point of it there is an oil-gathering drum with magnetic system. The adsorbent is poured to oil-products layer from a hopper, provided with drum feeder. Due to the increased bulk weight the adsorbent sinks rapidly into the oil layer on the water surface. If the large non-floating flocculi are formed, they sink and sedimentate on the moving belt and are moved to the oil-gathering drum. The saturated adsorbent is removed from the drum surface with a scraper, connected with a gutter, with contains a rotating auger.

CLEANING UP EMERGENCY OIL SPILLS FROM THE WATER SURFACE WITH MAGNETIC ADSORBENTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury Rubanov ◽  
Yury Rubanov ◽  
Yulia Tokach ◽  
Yulia Tokach ◽  
Marina Vasilenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Steelmaking Slag ◽  
Magnetic Adsorbents ◽  
Ratio Of Components ◽  
Iron Ore Concentrate ◽  
Electric Furnace Steelmaking

There was suggested a method of obtaining a complex adsorbent with magnetic properties for the oil spill clean-up from the water surface by means of controlled magnetic field. As magnetic filler a finely-dispersed iron-ore concentrate in the form of magnetite, obtained by wet magnetic separation of crushed iron ore, was suggested. As an adsorbing component the disintegrating electric-furnace steelmaking slag, obtained by dry air-cooling method, was selected. The mass ratio of components slag:magnetite is 1(1,5÷2,0). For cleaning up emergency oil spills with the suggested magnetic adsorbent a facility, which is installed on a twin-hulled oil recovery vessel, was designed. The vessel contains a rectangular case between the vessel hulls with inlet and outlet for the treated water, the bottom of which is a permanently moving belt. Above the belt, at the end point of it there is an oil-gathering drum with magnetic system. The adsorbent is poured to oil-products layer from a hopper, provided with drum feeder. Due to the increased bulk weight the adsorbent sinks rapidly into the oil layer on the water surface. If the large non-floating flocculi are formed, they sink and sedimentate on the moving belt and are moved to the oil-gathering drum. The saturated adsorbent is removed from the drum surface with a scraper, connected with a gutter, with contains a rotating auger.

Magnetic Petroleum Sorbent Based on Waste Kieselghur Sludge from Oil Extraction Industry for Removing Petroleum Products from Water Surface

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Starostina ◽  
A.E. Nikitina ◽  
E.V. Porozhnyuk
Keyword(s):  
Water Surface ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Thermal Modification ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Hydrophobic Properties ◽  
Ferromagnetic Component ◽  
Burn Out ◽  
Iron Ore Concentrate

The method of obtaining magnetic petroleum sorbent for petroleum products spills cleanup from water surface, based on the mixture of waste kieselghur sludge from oil extraction industry and a ferromagnetic component - the finely-dispersed iron-ore concentrate (magnetite), has been suggested. It has been demonstrated that after the waste kieselghur sludge thermal modification in the temperature interval 430-500°С the burn-out of the organic matter is not complete – there remain the wax fractions of wax-like substances, contained in it. The obtained material becomes hydrophobic and oleophilic. The introduction of magnetite in amount of 10% provides the maximum oil-absorbing capacity of the petroleum sorbent – 3.05 g/g without reducing its hydrophobic properties. The value of the wetting angle amounts to 150°, and the water absorption is very low – no more than 2.1%. The optimal temperature of the magnetic petroleum sorbent production is 450°С. The obtained material in its petroleum-saturated state is highly buoyant within 24-120 hours, which provides enough time to clean up the water surface from petroleum products and to collect the sorbent.

Efficiency of Selected Oil Skimming Systems in Irregular Seas

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Clauss ◽  
W. L. Kühnlein
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Water Layer ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Rotating Wing

ABSTRACT In offshore oil spills a very thin oil layer has to be skimmed off from the sea surface. Generally this operation has to be carried out in rough seas, requiring a very accurate separation of oily water from the water surface. This paper presents three different systems for oil recovery in the seaway. All are in service in the Federal Republic of Germany. The development of spilt-hull multipurpose vessels introduced a new technical concept for oil recovery in the seaway. The ships show good efficiency in open seas up to wave heights of 2 m. The advantage of a split-hull oil combat vessel is its high transit speed. Its operation is favorable in following waves, since the two hinged parts of the hull act as a shielding device. Also for open sea operations, the Mobil Oil Dike (MOD) has been developed. In this system, 49 m long and 27 m wide, with a draft of 3.2 to 4.4 m, a wave breaking beach is integrated between the two hulls of a catamaran. The vessel moves at an operating speed of 3 to 4 knots, which raises the water level at the beach and forces the surface oil-water layer to rise above the dam crest and splash into the sump. Driven by the pressure head, the mixture proceeds through the settling tanks of the catamaran hulls. The separated water is discharged into the sea through valves in the hull's stern. For inshore operations a third system has been developed. The Multipurpose Oil Skimming System (MPOSS) is a dock-shaped vessel with two horizontal flap systems that follow the wave profile. The front flap-floater system skims off the oil by controlled undercutting of the water surface. Its motions are damped by a counter-rotating wing, acting as a balanced rudder. After the oil-water layer has passed the intake, it proceeds to the aft separation flap where accurate separation takes place. The overflowing oil proceeds over the flap to the oil sump and is removed by pumps. For offshore missions in coastal waters, this oil skimmer is integrated into a catamaran-type pontoon. The vessel is 33.5 m long, 12 m wide and has a draft of 1.5 m. All these systems raise considerable hydrodynamic problems as only a thin oil-water layer has to be skimmed off. The motion of the flaps, the deviation of substantial water quantities and the related vortex generation disturb the oil flow at the surface. In waves, breaking phenomena and related forces have been studied. Based on model tests and full scale experience this paper describes some hydrodynamic problems and their solution.

scholarly journals Visual Appearance of Oil on the Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Merv Fingas
Keyword(s):  
Water Surface ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Physical Explanation ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Surface Discharges ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
Spilled Oil

The visual appearance of oil spills at sea is often used as an indicator of spilled oil properties, state and slick thickness. These appearances and the oil properties that are associated with them are reviewed in this paper. The appearance of oil spills is an estimator of thickness of thin oil slicks, thinner than a rainbow sheen (<3 µm). Rainbow sheens have a strong physical explanation. Thicker oil slicks (e.g., >3 µm) are not correlated with a given oil appearance. At one time, the appearance of surface discharges from ships was thought to be correlated with discharge rate and vessel speed; however, this approach is now known to be incorrect. Oil on the sea can sometimes form water-in-oil emulsions, dependent on the properties of the oil, and these are often reddish in color. These can be detected visually, providing useful information on the state of the oil. Oil-in-water emulsions can be seen as a coffee-colored cloud below the water surface. Other information gleaned from the oil appearance includes coverage and distribution on the surface.

Mechanism on reduction swelling of pellets prepared from Bayan Obo iron ore concentrate

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yingjie Fan ◽  
Yunhao Zhang ◽  
Zhichao Li ◽  
Yifan Chai ◽  
Yici Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Reduction Swelling ◽  
Bayan Obo ◽  
Iron Ore Concentrate

scholarly journals Design aspects of (super)hydrophobic mesh based oil-collecting device with improved efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weikang Xu ◽  
Zhentao Zhang ◽  
Xiaomei Cai ◽  
Yazhen Hong ◽  
Tianliang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Future Success

AbstractEffective treatment of frequent oil spills and endless discharged oily wastewater is crucial for the ecosystem and human health. In the past two decades, the collection of oil from water surface has been widely studied through the simple fabrication of superhydrophobic meshes with various coating materials, but little attention is paid to the design aspects of the meshes based oil-collecting device and practical oil collection. Here, 3D-printing devices with different configurations of (super)hydrophobic meshes, circular truncated cone (CTC), cylinder and inverted CTC, and the same inverted cone-shaped structure (below the meshes for temporary oil storage) are investigated. Results demonstrate that the CTC meshes based device especially for an oblate one not only shows higher stability and discharge of the collected oils than previous reports, but also allows floating oils to enter the (super)hydrophobic mesh faster. We anticipate that future success in developing high-performance (super)hydrophobic meshes and the further optimization of the CTC mesh-based device parameters will make our proposed device more practical for the treatment of real-life oil spills.

Investigation of organic materials nature on petrol removal from water surfacee

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
I.V. Bacherikova ◽  
◽  
S.B. Grinenko ◽  
L.S. Kuznetsova ◽  
V.O. Zazhigalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Oil Adsorption ◽  
Positive Results

The properties of some organic materials in the removal of oil from water area were studied. It was shown that available materials as technical wool and sintepon can be used as effective sorbents for petroleum removal from water area. The sample mechanical wringing of these sorbents permits to return the part of adsorbed oil for its next use. The dependence of sorption properties (the adsorbed petroleum mass, specific oil adsorption, return of the oil and selectivity of petroleum removal) and petroleum removal from the number of absorption-release cycles was established. It was established that quantity of adsorbed oil decreases in other next step of removal but mass of oil returned increases in the process of mechanical wringing. The regeneration of these adsorbents by flushing in gasoline permits to obtained the initial properties in oil removal from water area. The sorption elements in the form of bags from linen with these materials were prepared. The dependence of the amount of oil removed by these sorption elements from the time of oil clearing of the water area process was determined and the optimal parameters of petroleum removal were established. It was shown that sorption elements on the base of these materials have adsorption capacity equal to 14-16 g of petroleum/g sorbent at selectivity of petroleum removal more than 70 % and oil recovery degree more than 80 % and the possibility their reusable use on oil spill response. The obtained positive results of oil removal from water area permit to propose in extreme cases of oil spills the available industrial products as jerseys, blankest, jackets etc. use successfully for petroleum spill response. The hydrophobization of these elements permits to improve their properties in oil removal from water area. As results of sorption elements modification the increase of adsorbed oil mass and specific petroleum removal at simultaneous increase of returned oil quantity for its next use and oil removal selectivity were established. It was established that synthesized sorption elements not inferior in properties known industrial sorbents for oil removal from water area.

WATER CHEMISTRY EFFECTS IN IRON ORE CONCENTRATE AGGLOMERATION FEED

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Eisele ◽  
S. K. Kawatra ◽  
S. J. Ripke
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Iron Ore Concentrate
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