Inclusion And Empowerment Of Vulnerable Groups In Disaster Risk Reduction (Case Studies From Developing Countries)

Disasters have the capacity to increase the weaknesses and vulnerabilities of marginalized groups of society. It is the need of the hour to include these segments to make the process of disaster risk reduction successful. This research article presents comprehensive information regarding global agenda and efforts made by developing countries for the empowerment & resilience of weak people during natural and man-made disasters. This article provides information on vulnerable groups are exploited for reaping benefits of DRR policies. Case studies are studied from developing world like, Indonesia, Cambodia, Philippines, Nepal, India & Myanmar to highlight the initiative taken to empower these segments. This evidence has been used in recommending more productive actions for inclusion of vulnerable people in DRR mechanisms in developing countries.

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Health Workforce Development in Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management: The Need for Evidence-Based Recommendations

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073382 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3382

Author(s):

Kevin K. C. Hung ◽

Sonoe Mashino ◽

Emily Y. Y. Chan ◽

Makiko K. MacDermot ◽

Satchit Balsari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Management ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Case Studies ◽

Workforce Development ◽

Health Workforce ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Disaster Risk Management ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Literature Reviews

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 placed human health at the centre of disaster risk reduction, calling for the global community to enhance local and national health emergency and disaster risk management (Health EDRM). The Health EDRM Framework, published in 2019, describes the functions required for comprehensive disaster risk management across prevention, preparedness, readiness, response, and recovery to improve the resilience and health security of communities, countries, and health systems. Evidence-based Health EDRM workforce development is vital. However, there are still significant gaps in the evidence identifying common competencies for training and education programmes, and the clarification of strategies for workforce retention, motivation, deployment, and coordination. Initiated in June 2020, this project includes literature reviews, case studies, and an expert consensus (modified Delphi) study. Literature reviews in English, Japanese, and Chinese aim to identify research gaps and explore core competencies for Health EDRM workforce training. Thirteen Health EDRM related case studies from six WHO regions will illustrate best practices (and pitfalls) and inform the consensus study. Consensus will be sought from global experts in emergency and disaster medicine, nursing, public health and related disciplines. Recommendations for developing effective health workforce strategies for low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries will then be disseminated.

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Natural Assurance Schemes Canvas: A Framework to Develop Business Models for Nature-Based Solutions Aimed at Disaster Risk Reduction

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13031291 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1291

Author(s):

Beatriz Mayor ◽

Pedro Zorrilla-Miras ◽

Philippe Le Coent ◽

Thomas Biffin ◽

Kieran Dartée ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Services ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Case Studies ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Business Models ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Critical Information ◽

Business Cases ◽

Floods And Droughts

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are increasingly being promoted because they can solve different pursued aims together with providing an additional array of multiple ecosystem services or co-benefits. Nevertheless, their implementation is still being curbed by several barriers, for example, a lack of examples, a lack of finance, and a lack of business cases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to facilitate the construction of business models and business cases that identify the elements required to capture value. These are necessary to catalyze investments for the implementation of NBS. This article presents a tool called a Natural Assurance Schemes (NAS) canvas and explains how it can be applied to identify business models for NBS strategies providing climate adaptation services, showing an eye-shot summary of critical information to attract funding. The framework is applied in three case studies covering different contexts, scales, and climate-related risks (floods and droughts). Finally, a reflective analysis is done, comparing the tool with other similar approaches while highlighting the differential characteristics that define the usefulness, replicability, and flexibility of the tool for the target users, namely policymakers, developers, scientists, or entrepreneurs aiming to promote and implement NAS and NBS projects.

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Citizen Disaster Science Education for effective disaster risk reduction in developing countries

Geoenvironmental Disasters ◽

10.1186/s40677-020-00150-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rishi Ram Parajuli

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Science Education ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Disaster Science

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The Relationship between Human Rights and Disaster Risk Reduction Revisited: Bringing the Legal Perspective into the Discussion

Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies ◽

10.1163/18781527-00601005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 64-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Karen da Costa ◽

Paulina Pospieszna

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Case Studies ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Community Empowerment ◽

International Human Rights ◽

Legal Provisions ◽

International Human ◽

Human Rights Based Approach

This paper explores the link between human rights and disaster risk reduction. We revisit the notion of a human rights-based approach in the context of natural disasters, analyzing how this concept may contribute to greater accountability and empowerment of those involved in disaster risk reduction. To better understand the processes of empowering rights holders and holding duty bearers into account we adopt legal analytical lenses. By doing so we review four country case studies and their main regulations on disaster risk reduction, taking into account the extent to which they adopt a human rights-based approach. We argue that countries whose legal frameworks allow for community engagement point towards greater community empowerment. Similarly, countries whose legal provisions make possible for holding States accountable for their underperformance in disaster situations suggest greater levels of accountability. We also consider key international human rights instruments binding the four case studies in order to analyze whether and to what extent international human rights obligations may support advocacy and accountability in disaster risk reduction. Based on the analysis of these case studies we consider that empowerment and accountability processes in drr can reinforce each other, and that human rights may contribute to progress in these areas.

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