scholarly journals Surface identification of undermined spaces with the use of soil radon emanometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-205
Author(s):  
Erik ANDRÁSSY ◽  
Andrej MOJZEŠ ◽  
Ema NOGOVÁ ◽  
Ondrej ČANGEL
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Upward Movement ◽  
Gas Accumulation ◽  
Soil Radon ◽  
Radon Gas ◽  
Lignite Mine ◽  
Geological Formations

Several surface geophysical methods were used to study the displays of undermined spaces in their physical fields and to try to distinguish undermined from non-undermined parts of underground mining area. The studied area of the Čáry lignite mine in the Western Slovakia represents an actively subsided place with high risk to the population. Despite very low radioactivity and relatively high gas permeability of building geological formations, the results of soil radon emanometry show the possibility of radon gas accumulation inside the undermined spaces, but their permanent subsidence causes loosing of overlying material and escape of radon gas. The boundaries (edges) of undermined and sunken areas were identified as the only places with increased values of 222Rn activity, probably due to the presence of vertical supporting mine walls allowing radon gas accumulation and upward movement. Thus, the soil radon emanometry clearly indicates the borders between undermined or sunken and non-undermined parts.

Assessment of radon risk areas in the Eastern Canary Islands using soil radon gas concentration and gas permeability of soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 664 ◽  
pp. 449-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Alonso ◽  
J.G. Rubiano ◽  
J.G. Guerra ◽  
M.A. Arnedo ◽  
A. Tejera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Soil Radon ◽  
Radon Gas ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Radon Risk

Justification of safety measures at the construction of territories over old underground mining by the results of complex researches

2020 ◽  
pp. 246-254
Author(s):  
S. V. Usanov ◽  
A. V. Usanova
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Mine Workings ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Characteristics

The area of deformation of the earth’s surface from underground mine workings is generally called the undermined territory. However, the conditions for undermining the surface are very diverse, and therefore the surface deformation takes place with a wide range of features. This creates difficulties for determining the possibility of development, expertise in choosing safety measures, lack of unification of research methods and results, as well as a significant gap in the expectations of developers from the results of the study and design requests. Such gaps are due to the fact that it is impossible to build direct relationships between the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the displacement process, as well as to relate them to the structures of buildings. On the example of the study of the Shershnevskoye field by geophysical methods, structural changes of the surface layer to a depth of 12 m were evaluated. Identified areas of the alleged existence of old vertical and horizontal mine workings. The authors have proposed a solution to the relationship of the dependences of qualitative and quantitative characteristics by compiling ratings of the developed areas, which will provide a connection with the parametric characteristics of buildings and structures under construction. A number of necessary general and special safety measures are suggested for the operation of the developed areas from old mines.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing Monitoring of Soil Moisture in the Daliuta Coal Mine Based on SPOT 5/6 and Worldview-2

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 866-876
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Hui Yue
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Scale Effect ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Surface Soil Moisture ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Spot 5

Abstract To understand the influence of underground mining disturbances on the shallow soil moisture in the Daliuta coal mine, remote sensing monitoring of the temporal and spatial evolution of surface soil moisture and the influence of mining on multi-source, multi-temporal and high spatial resolution remote sensing data were carried out. The scale effect of monitoring the soil moisture at different scales was analyzed using the Scaled Soil Moisture Monitor Index (S-SMMI). In this paper, SPOT 5/6 and Worldview-2 were used as the data source and mainly made up two aspects of the research: 1) based on the three SPOT data sets with the use of S-SMMI from different angles from the Daliuta mine from nearly three years of soil moisture temporal and spatial changes, the results show that the perturbation has a negative effect on the shallow soil moisture in the Daliuta coal mine, and average soil moisture of the mining area is smaller than the non-mining area, but the surface ecological construction has effectively improved the impact of the underground mining disturbance on the surface soil moisture. 2) the scale conversion of Worldview-2 data was carried out based on the resampling method. S-SMMI was used to analyze the scale effect of soil moisture monitoring at different scales. The results show that the difference between the soil moisture is only 0.0016 during the conversion process of 2 m-30 m.

Tracking the Land Use/Land Cover Change in an Area with Underground Mining and Reforestation via Continuous Landsat Classification

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 1719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxin Mi ◽  
Yongjun Yang ◽  
Shaoliang Zhang ◽  
Shi An ◽  
Huping Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Random Forest Classifier ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Lulc Change ◽  
Mining Areas

Understanding the changes in a land use/land cover (LULC) is important for environmental assessment and land management. However, tracking the dynamic of LULC has proved difficult, especially in large-scale underground mining areas with extensive LULC heterogeneity and a history of multiple disturbances. Additional research related to the methods in this field is still needed. In this study, we tracked the LULC change in the Nanjiao mining area, Shanxi Province, China between 1987 and 2017 via random forest classifier and continuous Landsat imagery, where years of underground mining and reforestation projects have occurred. We applied a Savitzky–Golay filter and a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)-based approach to detect the temporal and spatial change, respectively. The accuracy assessment shows that the random forest classifier has a good performance in this heterogeneous area, with an accuracy ranging from 81.92% to 86.6%, which is also higher than that via support vector machine (SVM), neural network (NN), and maximum likelihood (ML) algorithm. LULC classification results reveal that cultivated forest in the mining area increased significantly after 2004, while the spatial extent of natural forest, buildings, and farmland decreased significantly after 2007. The areas where vegetation was significantly reduced were mainly because of the transformation from natural forest and shrubs into grasslands and bare lands, respectively, whereas the areas with an obvious increase in NDVI were mainly because of the conversion from grasslands and buildings into cultivated forest, especially when villages were abandoned after mining subsidence. A partial correlation analysis demonstrated that the extent of LULC change was significantly related to coal production and reforestation, which indicated the effects of underground mining and reforestation projects on LULC changes. This study suggests that continuous Landsat classification via random forest classifier could be effective in monitoring the long-term dynamics of LULC changes, and provide crucial information and data for the understanding of the driving forces of LULC change, environmental impact assessment, and ecological protection planning in large-scale mining areas.

Automated anomalous behaviour detection in soil radon gas prior to earthquakes using computational intelligence techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleem Dad Khan Tareen ◽  
Khawaja M. Asim ◽  
Kimberlee Jane Kearfott ◽  
Muhammad Rafique ◽  
Malik Sajjad Ahmed Nadeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Intelligence ◽  
Anomalous Behaviour ◽  
Soil Radon ◽  
Radon Gas

scholarly journals Analysis of methane hazard in longwall working equipped with a powered longwall complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
Leszek Sobik ◽  
Jarosław Brodny ◽  
Gennady Buyаlich ◽  
Pavel Strelnikov
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Mining Operation ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Methane Drainage ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Advanced Model

Most of currently exploited hard coal seams has a very high degree of methane saturation. Consequently, the mining process of such deposits generates substantial amounts of methane. This in turn increases the risk of fire and/or explosion of this gas. Methane hazard is currently one of the most dangerous threats occurring in the process of underground mining exploitation. In particular, this applies to longwall excavations where the rock mass mining process generates the highest level of this gas. Commonly used high-performance longwall complexes cause an increase in the amount of coal output, which also causes an increase in the amount of methane released. In order to prevent hazardous concentrations, appropriate ventilation systems and atmosphere monitoring in mining excavations are used. The paper discusses currently used methods designed to limit risks caused by methane such as methane drainage. The paper presents an example of the use of an innovative method of analysing methane risk status and measures aimed at minimizing it. The developed method is based on air parameters in the actual mining area which were then used to create a method of ventilation for such excavations. The method combines advanced model analysis and experience of mine employees and integrates academic and practical knowledge. The main objective of the activities presented in the article was to improve the safety of mining operation

A Dynamics Optimization of Scheduling for Excavating Development Project in Complicated Ore Mining below Railway Special Line

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 1553-1558
Author(s):  
Li Chun Jiang ◽  
Liu Qing Hu ◽  
Xiao Hui Ren
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Time Sequence ◽  
Underground Engineering ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Unbalanced Force ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Project Construction ◽  
Force Time

Disturbance of ground structures by the excavation of underground engineering is a non-linear mechanical behavior process. To find time sequence with the smallest disturbance is important for the safety of mining below railway, river, and building (three-underground mining). A numerical simulation was carried out by 3DEC in mining area. The maximum Lyapunov indices are obtained from the time curves of the maximum unbalanced force. The reasonable time sequence schemes of development project construction under railway in the east ore body of XinQiao Pyrite Mine are compared. The results show that the effect of the data analysis method about the information of unbalanced force-time record based on the chaotic dynamics theory is very positive. It can minimize the risk of scheme with the priority of single mechanical (displacement) index, direct the actual construction effectively and guarantee the safety of ‘three-underground’ complex ore mining by preventive actions in supporting, shortening construction time and other strong measures.

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