scholarly journals Classification of Zagros earthquakes based on focal mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-275
Author(s):  
Mehdi Nouri DELOUEI ◽  
Mohammad-Reza GHEITANCHI
Keyword(s):  
Focal Mechanism ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
Nodal Plane ◽  
Iranian Plateau ◽  
Populated Region ◽  
Compression Type ◽  
Selection Of

The Zagros suture zone is seismically active region in Iranian plateau. This region is of high importance in terms of seismicity, since it is a vast and populated region and in recent years the earthquakes with high intensities have frequently occurred and have caused extensive destruction and heavy human loss. The study of the focal mechanism is very important in understanding the seismotectonic characteristics. Focal mechanisms of Zagros were collected over a period of 20 years and they were classified by FMC software. Seven groups were considered for the type of faulting and Zagros was divided into three zones. For each zone, the frequency percentage of each group of faults was determined. The most of faulting are of the reverse and compression type with the strike-slip component. Finally, the role of nodal plane selection in determining the type of faulting was discussed and it was found that the selection of each nodal plane in determining the type of faulting has the same result.

scholarly journals A focal mechanism catalogue of earthquakes that occurred in the southeastern Alps and surrounding areas from 1928–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2245-2258
Author(s):  
Angela Saraò ◽  
Monica Sugan ◽  
Gianni Bressan ◽  
Gianfranco Renner ◽  
Andrea Restivo
Keyword(s):  
Focal Mechanism ◽  
Moment Tensor ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
Seismic Moment Tensor ◽  
Fault Plane Solutions ◽  
First Arrival ◽  
Populated Region ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Catalogue Of Earthquakes

Abstract. We present a focal mechanism catalogue of earthquakes that occurred in the southeastern Alps and surrounding areas from 1928 to 2019. The area involved in the process of convergence between the Adria microplate and Eurasia is one of the most seismically active regions in the Alpine Belt. The seismicity is minor, with the Ms= 6.5 Friuli earthquake being the strongest event recorded in the area, but the seismic risk is relevant because it is a highly populated region. For this reason, numerous studies have been carried out over time to investigate the stress field and the geodynamic characteristics of the region using focal mechanisms. To provide a comprehensive set of revised information, which is challenging to build quickly because the data are dispersed over many papers, we collected and revised the focal mechanisms that were previously published in the literature. Additionally, depending on the data quality and availability, we computed new focal mechanisms by first arrival polarity inversion or seismic moment tensor. Finally, we merged all the fault plane solutions to obtain a catalogue for a selection of 772 earthquakes with 1.8≤M≤6.5. For each earthquake, we reported all the available focal mechanisms obtained by different authors. We also suggested a preferred solution for users who need information provided expeditiously. The catalogue (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4660412; Saraò et al., 2021) is given as the Supplement of this paper and will be updated periodically (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4284970).

Research and selection of rational parameters of a refrigerated container terminal

Innotrans ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Nazirjhon M. Aripov ◽  
◽  
Daurenbek I. Ilesaliev ◽  
Jamshid R. Kobulov ◽  
Shahboz R. Abduvahitov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
System A ◽  
Parametric Description ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

The article considers the role of transport and refrigerated warehouse complexes in continuous refrigerating supply chains (CRSCs). A summary diagram of technical and technological support is formed, describing the relationship and mutual influence of the elements of the CRSC system. A structural and parametric description of a refrigerated container terminal is carried out. The classification of the parameters of a refrigerated container terminal according to various characteristics is developed. The relationships between the parameters of a refrigerated container terminal are presented in the form of mathematical models. The dependence of the capacity of a refrigerated container terminal with respect to the length of a site is obtained.

Evaluating the Role of Regression Methods in the Determination of Standard Spending Assessments

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
R W Thomas ◽  
E S Warren
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Unit Costs ◽  
Annual Budget ◽  
Selection Of

A Standard Spending Assessment (SSA) is the amount which government considers appropriate for a local authority to set as its annual budget requirement. Each assessment is composed of revenues calculated for a discrete set of service blocks where the local unit costs of service provision are most often estimated by means of regression procedures that have been subject to regular scrutiny and review. Set against this context, in this paper the authors evaluate the performance of the regressions that contribute to the calculation of SSAs as equitable allocation devices. The general accounting framework for constructing SSAs is described and a statistical classification of the regression models is presented. In their analysis the authors examine a selection of models that are representative of each class and they include the regressions that comprise the Other District Services and Personal Social Services blocks. These appraisals follow a common sequence where a dummy variable is entered into the regression to test the consistency of the allocation made to a specified group of local authorities. When the dummy variable is statistically significant, revisions to the specification of the regression are either tested or suggested. Finally, the broader implications of these findings for the design of SSAs are examined.

A seismological study of two Attica, New York earthquakes

1978 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Source Parameters ◽  
Focal Depth ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nodal Plane ◽  
Reverse Faulting ◽  
Epicentral Intensity ◽  
East West

abstract The Attica, New York earthquakes of January 1, 1966 and June 12, 1967 are studied in detail to obtain their focal mechanisms, depths and seismic moments. Both events have similar source parameters with one nodal plane striking about 120° and dipping 60°S and the other nodal plane striking about 20° and dipping 70°E. The fault motion on the NNE nodal plane has a component of right lateral strike slip and one of reverse faulting. Though this nodal plane parallels the Clarendon-Linden structure, the possibility of associating the other nodal plane with a diffuse east-west seismicity trend cannot be excluded. The shallow focal depth of 2 to 3 km for these two events can be used as an explanation of the relatively high epicentral intensity VIII of the Attica event of 1929.

Focal mechanisms of Indian earthquakes

1972 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 603-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Banghar
Keyword(s):  
Focal Mechanism ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
S Waves ◽  
Focal Mechanism Solutions

abstract Focal mechanism solutions are presented for two earthquakes that occurred in peninsular India. The first motions of P, PKP and the polarization (or first motions) of S waves were used for this investigation. Both of these mechanisms are found to be associated with strike-slip faulting.

Inversion of regional surface-wave spectra for source parameters of aftershocks from the Loma Prieta earthquake

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 1726-1736
Author(s):  
Susan L. Beck ◽  
Howard J. Patton
Keyword(s):  
Surface Wave ◽  
Surface Waves ◽  
Focal Mechanism ◽  
Source Parameters ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Wave Spectra ◽  
Short Period ◽  
First Motion

Abstract Surface waves recorded at regional distances are used to study the source parameters for three of the larger aftershocks of the 18 October 1989, Loma Prieta, California, earthquake. The short-period P-wave first-motion focal mechanisms indicate a complex aftershock sequence with a wide variety of mechanisms. Many of these events are too small for teleseismic body-wave analysis; therefore, the regional surface-waves provide important long-period information on the source parameters. Intermediate-period Rayleigh- and Love-wave spectra are inverted for the seismic moment tensor elements at a fixed depth and repeated for different depths to find the source depth that gives the best fit to the observed spectra. For the aftershock on 19 October at 10:14:35 (md = 4.2), we find a strike-slip focal mechanism with right lateral motion on a NW-trending vertical fault consistent with the mapped trace of the local faults. For the aftershock on 18 October at 10:22:04 (md = 4.4), the surface waves indicate a pure reverse fault with the nodal planes striking WNW. For the aftershock on 19 October at 09:53:50 (md = 4.4), the surface waves indicate a strike-slip focal mechanism with a NW-trending vertical nodal plane consistent with the local strike of the San Andreas fault. Differences between the surface-wave focal mechanisms and the short-period P-wave first-motion mechanisms are observed for the aftershocks analyzed. This discrepancy may reflect the real variations due to differences in the band width of the two observations. However, the differences may also be due to (1) errors in the first-motion mechanism due to incorrect near-source velocity structure and (2) errors in the surface-wave mechanisms due to inadequate propagation path corrections.

scholarly journals A focal mechanism catalogue of earthquakes that occurred in the southeastern Alps and surrounding areas from 1928–2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Saraò ◽  
Monica Sugan ◽  
Gianni Bressan ◽  
Gianfranco Renner ◽  
Andrea Restivo
Keyword(s):  
Focal Mechanism ◽  
Moment Tensor ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
Seismic Moment Tensor ◽  
Fault Plane Solutions ◽  
First Arrival ◽  
Populated Region ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Catalogue Of Earthquakes

Abstract. We present a focal mechanism catalogue of earthquakes that occurred in the southeastern Alps and surrounding areas from 1928 to 2019. The area involved in the process of convergence between the Adria microplate and Eurasia is one of the most seismically active regions in the Alpine Belt. The seismicity is minor, with the Ms =thinsp;6.5 Friuli earthquake being the strongest event recorded in the area, but the seismic hazard is relevant because it is a highly populated region. For this reason, numerous studies have been carried out over time to investigate the stress field and the geodynamic characteristics of the region using focal mechanisms. To provide a comprehensive set of revised information, which is challenging to build quickly because the data is dispersed over many papers, we collected and revised the focal mechanisms that were previously published in the literature. Additionally, depending on the data quality and availability, we computed new focal mechanisms by first arrival polarity inversion or seismic moment tensor. Finally, we merged all the fault plane solutions to obtain a catalogue for a selection of 772 earthquakes with 1.8thinsp;≤thinsp;Mthinsp;≤thinsp;6.5. For each earthquake, we reported all the available focal mechanisms obtained by different authors. However, we also suggested a preferred solution for users who need expeditious information. The catalogue is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4284971 (Saraò et al., 2020).

scholarly journals Role of MYD88 in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma diagnosis and pathogenesis

Hematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Rossi
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Sequencing Studies ◽  
Repeated Administrations ◽  
Myd88 Signaling ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) is a distinct B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder primarily characterized by bone marrow infiltration of lymphoplasmacytic cells. When LPL produces a serum monoclonal immunoglobulin of the IgM class, it is termed Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). The differential diagnosis between LPL and other types of morphologically similar B-cell tumors that may also have plasmacytic differentiation and/or secretion of IgM paraproteins is not always clear-cut based solely on the pathologic and phenotypic features of the tumor. Although the current treatments for LPL/WM are initially effective in inducing responses in most patients, they are not curative and show decreasing efficacy with repeated administrations, ultimately resulting in the selection of a chemoresistant clone. Next-generation sequencing studies have identified somatic mutations of MYD88, a key component of the Toll-like receptor signaling machinery, in ∼90% of LPL/WM. Deregulated MYD88 signaling promoted by mutations sustains tumor cell survival in LPL/WM, demonstrating that they are gain-of-function driver events in this lymphoma. This review discusses the molecular and biological mechanisms underlying MYD88 mutations in LPL/WM, the role of MYD88 mutations as molecular biomarker for the refinement of diagnosis and the improvement classification of LPL/WM, and novel targeted therapeutic strategies for LPL/WM based on the pharmacological manipulation of MYD88 signaling to which this lymphoma is addicted.

scholarly journals First-Motion Focal Mechanism Solutions for 2015–2019 M ≥ 4.0 Italian Earthquakes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria G. Ciaccio ◽  
Raffaele Di Stefano ◽  
Luigi Improta ◽  
Maria T. Mariucci ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Mechanism ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
Earthquake Parameters ◽  
Focal Mechanism Solutions ◽  
Initial Rupture ◽  
First Motion

A list of 100 focal mechanism solutions that occurred in Italy between 2015 and 2019 has been compiled for earthquakes with magnitude M ≥ 4.0. We define earthquake parameters for additional 22 seismic events with 3.0 ≤ M < 4.0 for two specific key zones: Muccia, at the northern termination of the Amatrice–Visso–Norcia 2016–2018 central Italy seismic sequence, and Montecilfone (southern Italy) struck in 2018 by a deep, strike-slip Mw 5.1 earthquake apparently anomalous for the southern Apennines extensional belt. First-motion focal mechanism solutions are a good proxy for the initial rupture and they provide important additional information on the source mechanism. The catalog compiled in the present paper provides earthquake parameters for individual events of interest to contribute, as a valuable source of information, for further studies as seismotectonic investigations and stress distribution maps. We calculated the focal mechanisms using as a reference the phase pickings reported in the Italian Seismic Bulletin (BSI). We visually checked the reference picks to accurately revise manual first-motion polarities, or include new onsets when they are not present in the BSI dataset, for the selected earthquakes within the whole Italian region, with a separate focus on the Amatrice–Visso–Norcia seismic sequence area from August 24, 2016 to August 24, 2018. For the Montecilfone area, we combined the information on the geometry and kinematics of the source of the 2018 Mw 5.1 event obtained in this study with available subsurface and structural data on the Outer Apulia Carbonate Platform to improve understanding of this intriguing strike-slip sequence. Our analysis suggests that the Montecilfone earthquake ruptured a W–E trending strike-slip dextral fault. This structure is confined within the Apulia crystalline crust and it might represent the western prolongation of the Mattinata Fault–Apricena Fault active and seismogenic structures. The calculated focal mechanisms of the entire catalog are of good quality complementing important details on source mechanics from moment tensors and confirming the relevance of systematically including manually revised and more accurate polarity data within the BSI database.

Therapy-related issues: skin

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Wiffen ◽  
Marc Mitchell ◽  
Melanie Snelling ◽  
Nicola Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Wound Care ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Topical Antimicrobials ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter outlines information relevant to pharmacists and other healthcare professionals related to selected skin conditions. The review of wound care includes classification of wounds, selection of wound dressings, and a discussion of other wound care products and practices including topical antimicrobials, honey, larval therapy, and vacuum-assisted closure. Management of eczema covers the use of emollients, corticosteroids, and topical calcineurin inhibitors. The different treatments available to treat psoriasis are discussed, ranging from older agents such as coal tar to the role of biologics.

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