COLUMNAR GROWTH HABIT APPLE RESISTANCE TO LAW TEMPERATURE AT AUTUMN AND WINTER PERIOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
A. S. Zemisov ◽  
N. N. Saveleva ◽  
A. N. Yushkov ◽  
V. V. Chivilev ◽  
N. V. Borzykh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Columnar Growth ◽  
Autumn And Winter

scholarly journals Screening of apple genotypes with the columnar growth habit using control markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
Natalia Saveleva ◽  
Alexander Lyzhin ◽  
Andrey Yushkov ◽  
Alexander Zemisov ◽  
Nadezhda Borzykh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Columnar Growth ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Modern Breeding

One of the approaches to intensify horticulture is to introduce cultivars with an unusual canopy into commercial production. Such plants can be columnar Apple trees. In modern breeding, there is a trend to create cultivars with a compact canopy. In such orchards, it is reduced to a minimum the cost for pruning, harvesting, and protection against pest and disease, which are the main expenses in apple orchards with a traditional canopy. The use of molecular markers linked to columnar growth habit allows us to identify a physiological sign at an early stage of growth: in the juvenile period. The assessment of apple cultivars and hybrids was carried out at the I. V. Michurin Federal Scientific Centre in 2015-2018. Four markers were used in the research: Mdo. chr 10.12, C18470-25831, 29f1, and jwlr to identify plants with the columnar growth habit gene (Co). The use of various DNA markers made it possible to establish that not all of them are well linked to the Co gene. In the research process, primers were identified for markers 29f1 and jwlr, which reliably allowed us to identify plants with columnar growth habit at the juvenile stage, which will significantly reduce the breeding process.

The effects of changing NOM composition and characteristics on coagulation performance, optimisation and control

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.L. Sharp ◽  
S.A. Parsons ◽  
B. Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Cationic Polyelectrolyte ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Coagulation Performance ◽  
Resin Adsorption ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
And Control

A number of water utilities have been experiencing operational difficulties during specific times of the year, associated with elevated levels of organics due to heavy rainfall or snow melt. Water samples were collected from Albert treatment works (Halifax, UK) and the natural organic matter (NOM) was characterised using XAD resin adsorption techniques. The addition of a cationic polyelectrolyte was employed to determine the charge density of the fractions. Results show that NOM fraction make-up changes throughout the year, with the fulvic acid fraction (FAF) showing the greatest increase during the autumn and winter period. The charge density of the FAF fraction also increases. The coagulation conditions for traditional coagulants, such as iron, are more affected by increased levels of organics than the novel coagulant also investigated, and the zeta potential range for optimum removal is narrower. Therefore, the conditions required for zero charge during coagulation varies with both raw water source and the coagulant type.

Occurrence of Enchytraeid worms and some properties of their casts in an Australian soil under cropping

Soil Research ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 651 ◽  
Author(s):  
KY Chan ◽  
DP Heenan
Keyword(s):  
Size Range ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
Red Earth ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Australian Soil ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The population density of enchytraeid worms (Oligochaeta) was monitored on a red earth (Oxic Paleustalf) under cropping in Wagga Wagga, N.S.W. Physical and chemical properties of their casts were compared with those of the bulk soil and soil sampled adjacent to the permanent fenceline. In the autumn and winter period, the worm population was active close to the surface and the highest population (2037 per m(2)) was detected in the direct drilled/stubble burnt treatment. However, this was considerably lower than those reported elsewhere in temperate regions. Worm casts were composite in nature, predominately of 210-500 �m in diameter which were comprised of smaller spherical subunits (50-100 �m). The casts were found to be significantly more water stable and higher in total nitrogen than aggregates of the same size range separated from the bulk soil. Porosity of the casts was dominated by spaces between the subunits which were composed of very densely packed clay/silt size particles. Evidence from SEM (scanning electron microscope) suggests that the high stability was due to the presence of cements.

Fine mapping ofCo, a gene controlling columnar growth habit located on apple (Malus×domesticaBorkh.) linkage group 10

2012 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeki Moriya ◽  
Kazuma Okada ◽  
Takashi Haji ◽  
Toshiya Yamamoto ◽  
Kazuyuki Abe
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Columnar Growth ◽  
Group 10

scholarly journals Can Green Plants Mitigate Ammonia Concentration in Piglet Barns?

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1150
Author(s):  
Simona Menardo ◽  
Werner Berg ◽  
Heiner Grüneberg ◽  
Martina Jakob
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Green Plants ◽  
Co2 Balance ◽  
Gas Measurements ◽  
Ventilation Rates ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Control Compartment

For animal welfare and for farmers’ health, the concentration of ammonia (NH3) in animal houses should be as low as possible. Plants can remove various atmospheric contaminants through the leaf stomata. This study examined the effect of ornamental plants installed inside a piglet barn on the NH3 concentration in the air. Gas measurements of the air in the ‘greened’ compartment (P) and a control compartment (CTR) took place over two measuring periods (summer–autumn and winter). Differences between the NH3 emissions were calculated based on the ventilation rates according to the CO2 balance. Fairly low mean NH3 concentrations between 2 and 4 ppm were measured. The NH3 emissions were about 20% lower (p < 0.01) in P than in CTR, in summer–autumn and in winter period.

Rapid Thermal Processing and Properties of Sol-Gel Derived Ferroelectric Thin-Films for Non-Volatile Memories.

1991 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Barlingay ◽  
S. K Dey
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
High Field ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rapid Thermal Processing ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Ferroelectric Thin Films ◽  
Columnar Growth ◽  
Ferroelectric Switching

AbstractFerroelectric Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 or PZT (52/48) thin-films (0.5 μm) were integrated onto Pt passivated Si wafers (3–4 inches) by polymeric solgel processing followed by rapid thermal annealing. Dense and crack-free perovskite microstructures were obtained by densification of the amorphous gel-matrix prior to crystallization. The films exhibited submicron grains (0.2–0.6 μm) with a columnar growth habit. High field measurements on thin-films determined Pr, Psp, and Ec in the ranges of 29–32 μC/cm2. 44–58 μC/cm2, and 50–60 kV/cm, respectively, and ferroelectric switching times below 3 ns.

scholarly journals Positive feedback of elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on soil respiration in late autumn and winter

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 8749-8787 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Keidel ◽  
C. Kammann ◽  
L. Grünhage ◽  
G. Moser ◽  
C. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Elevated Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Abstract. Soil respiration of terrestrial ecosystems, a major component in the global carbon cycle is affected by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations. However, seasonal differences of feedback effects of elevated CO2 have rarely been studied. At the Giessen Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (GiFACE) site, the effects of +20% above ambient CO2 concentration (corresponds to conditions reached 2035–2045) have been investigated since 1998 in a temperate grassland ecosystem. We defined five distinct annual periods, with respect to management practices and phenological cycles. For a period of three years (2008–2010), weekly measurements of soil respiration were carried out with a survey chamber on vegetation-free subplots. The results revealed a pronounced and repeated increase of soil respiration during late autumn and winter dormancy. Increased CO2 losses during the autumn period (September–October) were 15.7% higher and during the winter period (November–March) were 17.4% higher compared to respiration from control plots. However, during spring time and summer, which are characterized by strong above- and below-ground plant growth, no significant change in soil respiration was observed at the FACE site under elevated CO2. This suggests (i) that soil respiration measurements, carried out only during the vegetative growth period under elevated CO2 may underestimate the true soil-respiratory CO2 loss (i.e. overestimate the C sequestered) and (ii) that additional C assimilated by plants during the growing period and transferred below-ground will quickly be lost via enhanced heterotrophic respiration outside the main vegetation period.

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