scholarly journals THE REMOVAL OF PHOSPHORUS, THE GRAIN YIELD OF SPRING WHEAT AT MINIMIZATION OF PRIMARY TILLAGE

2018 ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
V. E. Sineshekov ◽  
G. I. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Stationary Field ◽  
Primary Tillage

The results of long-term researches received in stationary field experiment on the Chernozem leached by the average loam of the Novosibirsk Ob region are presented. It is established that the studied systems of basic mechanical treatment did not affect the phosphorus alienation by the grain of spring wheat of Novosibirsk 29. Chemicals significantly increased the removal of this element, which was most clearly seen in the final wheat in the crop rotation «steam - wheat - wheat - wheat».

Effect of crop rotation, fertilizer and tillage management on spring wheat grain yield and N and P content in a thin Black Chernozem: A long-term study

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Campbell ◽  
G. P. Lafond ◽  
A. J. Vandenbygaart ◽  
R. P. Zentner ◽  
R. Lemke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
P Content

scholarly journals Effectiveness of various elements of grain cultivation technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 07001
Author(s):  
Fedor A. Popov ◽  
Evgeniya N. Noskova ◽  
Lyudmila M. Kozlova
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Streptomyces Hygroscopicus ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Three Factor

The article presents the results of a long-term stationary three-factor experiment on sod-podzolic loamy soil to identify the effectiveness of various methods of basic and pre-sowing treatment of soil, the use of biological preparations in the technology of cultivating grain crops in six-field crop rotation. It was established that the most profitable elements of the technology in energy and economic terms will be: surface-cut treatment with KPS-4 cultivator and introduction of Azotovit and Phosphatovit biologics into the tillering stage of oat in a vetch-oat mixture for green feed; surface-cut treatment with KBM-4,2 cultivator or with pre-sowing treatment with a APPN-2,1 combined aggregate and introduction of Azotovite and Phosphatovite biological preparations into the soil before sowing winter rye for grain; ploughing with pre-sowing treatment with APPN-2,1 combined aggregate for spring wheat; surface-cut treatment with pre-sowing treatment with APPN-2,1 combined aggregate and introduction of biologic preparation based on strain Streptomyces hygroscopicus A4 at tillering stage of oat in pea-oat mixture for grain-hay; ploughing with KPS-4 cultivator and introduction of Pseudobacterin-2 biopreparation at barley tillering stage; ploughing with pre-sowing treatment with APPN-2,1 combined aggregate and introduction of biologic preparation based on strain Streptomyces hygroscopicus A4 at oat tillering stage.

scholarly journals Response of spring wheat to NPK and S fertilization. The content and uptake of macronutrients and the value of ionic ratios

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1059-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Klikocka ◽  
Marek Marks ◽  
Bożena Barczak ◽  
Bogdan Szostak ◽  
Anna Podleśna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
P Content ◽  
Mass Ratios ◽  
S Application ◽  
S Fertilizers

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) fertilizers on the content and uptake of macronutrients by grain dry mass (DM) of spring wheat. A field experiment was conducted in southeastern Poland on Cambisols (WRB 2007), in conditions of low S content in the soil. The experiment included 2 factors: fertilization with N (0, 40, 80, 120 kg ha-1) and with S (0, 50 kg ha-1).The experiment showed a positive response of spring wheat to N and S fertilization. The highest grain yield was found after application of 80 kg N ha-1 and addition of 50 kg S ha-1 (5.43 t ha-1). The described combination resulted in beneficial content of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) (P –4.267, K–4.533, Mg–1.567, Ca–0.433 g kg-1) and uptake of macroelements by grain dry mass (DM) (P–20.48, K–21.79, Mg–7.52, Ca–2.08 kg ha-1). A generally positive correlation was found between content and uptake of macronutrients with exception of P content. Fertilization with N caused significantly narrowed mass ratios of K+: Ca2+, K+: Mg2+ and mass and mole ratio of K+:(Ca2++Mg2+) and increased mass ratio of Ca:P. While S application narrowed significantly, mass ratios of K+:Ca2+ and K+: (Ca2+ + Mg2+) and increased mass ratio of Ca:P.

Influence of organic manures on carrot (Daucus carota L.) crops grown in a long-term field experiment in Sweden

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Kjellenberg ◽  
Eva Johansson ◽  
Karl-Erik Gustavsson ◽  
Artur Granstedt ◽  
Marie E. Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Fresh Manure ◽  
Term Field

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of organic agriculture manuring systems on carrot (Daucus carota) root morphology and sugar and polyacetylene content. Carrots were harvested three times per season 2006–2007 in a long-term field experiment at Skilleby research farm, Sweden. The effects of pelleted chicken manure, fresh farmyard manure and composted farmyard manure (COM) were compared against control plots left unmanured since the field experiment started in 1991. The carrots were analyzed for root size, root shape, amount of soluble sugars and amount of falcarinol-type polyacetylenes. Differences between manuring systems were found to be smaller than the variation between harvest years and harvest occasions, probably due to the grass-clover ley included in the crop rotation system. On an average for the six harvests, manuring with COM increased root length by 6% compared with fertilizing with pelleted chicken manure. Carrots fertilized with pelleted chicken manure also had 6–7% lower total soluble sugar content than carrots manured with 50 t ha−1 of composted or fresh manure. The falcarinol to total falcarinol-type polyacetylenes ratio was 15.4% in carrots manured with 50 t ha−1 of composted or fresh manure and 14.7% in carrots fertilized with pelleted chicken manure. Seasonal fluctuations in falcarinol-type polyacetylenes were more pronounced in carrots manured with fresh or composted manure than in carrots fertilized with pelleted chicken manure. The results suggest that manuring organic carrots with compost may be the most beneficial strategy, at least in systems where fertilizer is applied only once per crop rotation, whether directly to the carrot crop or in the preceding crop.

Spectroscopic behaviour of 14C-labeled humic acids in a long-term field experiment with three cropping systems

Soil Research ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Tatzber ◽  
Michael Stemmer ◽  
Heide Spiegel ◽  
Christian Katzlberger ◽  
Franz Zehetner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Alkyl Groups ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Bare Fallow ◽  
Term Field

The stabilisation of 14C-labelled farmyard manure was investigated under different cropping systems (crop rotation, monoculture, and bare fallow) in a long-term field experiment established in 1967. Solid-state 13C-NMR of bulk soils yielded a gradient of increasing aromatic properties in the order: straw manure–crop rotation < straw manure–monoculture < straw and farmyard manure–bare fallow. The opposite trend was observed for O-alkyl groups. The farmyard manure–bare fallow treatment was used to investigate changes of humic acids (HAs) with time. The FT-IR bands of aromatics, carbonyl groups, and a band of methyls and benzene rings increased over the 36 years of the experiment, whereas 2 amide bands and a band of sulfone and/or ester groups decreased. Fluorescence spectroscopy verified the increase in aromatic properties with age. Consequently, during soil organic matter stabilisation, HAs showed increasing properties of carbonyl and aromatic groups, whereas amidic groups decreased. The dynamic character of HAs, as shown by 14C, was also reflected by distinct spectroscopic changes over the period of investigation.

Effect of Drought and Recovery on Microbial, Fungal, and Crop Response in a Diverse Multi-Crop Rotation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songul Senturklu ◽  
Douglas Landblom ◽  
Joshua Steffan
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
The Usa

&lt;p&gt;Soil nutrient availability is essential for adequate crop production and drought conditions that result in abnormally low amounts of precipitation for extended periods of time have a substantial impact on soil microbial activity and therefore nutrient cycling. The northern Great Plains region of the USA suffered an extended period of time in which effective precipitation for crop production was severely reduced and based on the USA Drought Monitor the drought during the growing season from April through October 2017 was classified as exceptional drought. At the NDSU &amp;#8211; Dickinson Research Extension Center, a long-term integrated system that includes a diverse multi-crop rotation (spring wheat, cover crop, corn, pea-barley intercrop, and sunflower), beef cattle grazing of the pea-barley, corn, and a 13-specie cover crop within the rotation, is being utilized to monitor the effects soil microbial and fungal activity have on production over time and space in this crop and animal production system. Moreover, the overall effects of increased soil health indices on production are being monitored. Research results have previously been reported showing that soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization has resulted in reduced nitrogen fertilizer application. Regression analysis of SOM and potential nitrogen mineralization suggests that 8.4 mg N/kg are mineralized for each 1% increase in SOM. However, during periods of restricted precipitation on rain-fed crops, soil microbial respiration and fungal activity are negatively impacted, and crop production and animal grazing days are sharply reduced. Soil microbial biomass was correlated to overall production with the exception of spring wheat in rotation which may be due to increased water use by the previous crop (sunflower). Further analysis indicated that most soil microbial organisms recovered two years post drought with the exception of Rhizobia spp. populations which did not recover two years post drought. However, compared to the pre-drought 2016 production year, overall crop production yields had not fully recovered by 2019. Compared to the 2016 crop production, overall crop production in the rotation was reduced 64% in 2017, recovered to 54% of 2016 in 2018, and recovered to 66% of 2016 by the 2019 crop year. Whether crop yields are on par with 2016 by the end of the 2020 crop year is still to be determined. These yield observations point to the amount of time needed to fully recover from the long-term effects of exceptional drought on crop production.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Enhancing of Winter Wheat Productivity by the Introduction of Field Pea into Crop Rotation

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Mária Babulicová
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Preceding Crop ◽  
Substantial Degree

Abstract The aim of our study was to find out the influence of different preceding crops and weather in particular years on the production ability of winter wheat in crop rotation with 80% share of cereals. The long-term field trial with 40, 60 and 80% share of cereals and two levels of fertilisation (H1 mineral fertilisation + organic manure Veget®; H2 mineral fertilisation only) was carried out in the very warm and dry area of continental climate on Luvi-Haplic Chernozem. In crop rotation with 80% share of cereals, winter wheat was sown after two preceding crops: pea and winter barley. In the years 2013–2015, the weight of 1,000 grains, bulk density, share of grains over 2.8 + 2.5 mm sieve, grain yield and straw yield were investigated. In crop rotation with 80% share of cereals, the significantly higher grain yield of winter wheat was recorded after preceding crop of field pea (6.18 t/ha) by comparison with winter barley as preceding crop (5.19 t/ha). The statistically significantly higher straw yield of winter wheat was observed after field pea (8.38 t/ha)in comparison to winter barley (7.29 t/ha). The weight of 1,000 grains, bulk density, share of grains over 2.8 + 2.5 mm sieve were statistically significantly higher after field pea in comparison to winter barley. The winter wheat grain yield can be increased by the preceding crop pea and the combination of mineral and organic fertilisation in substantial degree.

Increases in wheat yield on limed soil after reduction of take-all by fungicide application and crop rotation

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Coventry ◽  
HD Brooke ◽  
JF Kollmorgen ◽  
DJ Ballinger
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Limed Soil ◽  
Take All

The severity of take-all, caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, was measured with lime, rotation and flutriafol treatments in a long-term field experiment. The incidence of eyespot lesions caused by Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides was also measured. Flutriafol reduced the number of plants with deadheads or no heads and resulted in 12-60% more grain yield. However flutriafol had no effect on the number of plants with eyespot lesions. The number of plants with deadheads or no heads was highest (50-53%) on the wheat which was a third consecutive crop and on soil which had been amended with 2.5 and 5.0 t/ha lime. Sowing wheat after a subterranean clover based pasture considerably reduced the number of deadheads. Control of annual grasses in the pasture by spray-topping further reduced deadheads and with this treatment and at nil and low lime there were 2-7% deadheads. The percentage of plants with eyespot lesions was higher with the continuous cropped wheat. Lime increased grain yield only where the disease incidence was low but had no effect on the percentage of eyespot lesions. This work demonstrates the importance of crop rotation for disease control, particularly where soils are limed to amend severe soil acidity; the value of controlling annual grasses in pasture in the year preceding wheat cropping; and the potential of fungicide treatment as a practical means for controlling take-all in field grown wheat.

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