scholarly journals Effect of a low-moisture buffer block on ruminal pH in lactating dairy cattle induced with subacute ruminal acidosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Krause ◽  
D.V. Dhuyvetter ◽  
G.R. Oetzel
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cattle ◽  
Buffer Block

scholarly journals Subacute Ruminal Acidosis in Zebu Cattle: Clinical and Behavioral Aspects

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Natalia Sato Minami ◽  
Rejane Santos Sousa ◽  
Francisco Leonardo Costa Oliveira ◽  
Mailson Rennan Borges Dias ◽  
Débora Aparecida Cassiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Citrus Pulp ◽  
Lactic Acids

We evaluated the clinical aspects and feeding behavior of cattle with subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) caused by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Ten healthy Nelore heifers were subjected to an adjusted SARA induction protocol using citrus pulp (CP). Clinical examinations were performed at baseline and at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 h intervals after induction, with ruminal fluid, blood, and feces sampling. The animals’ feeding behavior was evaluated on, before, and for 3 days after SARA by observing the animals every 5 min for 24 h. The dry matter intake (DMI) was recorded daily. The ruminal pH during SARA was always lower than baseline, with an acidotic duration of 547 ± 215 min, a minimum pH of 5.38 ± 0.16, and an average pH of 5.62 ± 0.1. SARA was mainly caused by SCFAs (maximum 118.4 ± 9.3 mmol/L), with the production of l-lactic acids (7.17 mmol/L) and d-lactic acids (0.56 mmol/L) 6 h after the experiment began. The DMI was reduced by 66% and 48% on days 1 and 2, respectively, and returned to normal levels on day 3. SARA caused a reduction in feed intake and rumination time, as well as an increase in the time spent in decubitus on days 1 and 2. These results were influenced by the ruminal pH, ruminal movement, and osmolarity. Furthermore, SARA caused different degrees of depression, which became more pronounced with higher ruminal lactic acid concentrations.

scholarly journals Subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows - physiological background, risk factors and diagnostic methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Levente Kovács ◽  
Otto Szenci ◽  
Walter Baumgartner ◽  
Mátyás Hejel ◽  
László Rózsa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Field Techniques ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis

According to the latest studies, the prevalence of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is around 20% in early and mid- lactation dairy cows, generating annual losses in the United States of approximately USD 500 million to 1 billion. The diagnosis of SARA is still difficult due to lack of pathognomonic clues and the delayed appearance of certain clinical signs. Therefore, SARA remains neglected or even unrecognized in many dairy herds. SARA is characterized by daily episodes of low ruminal pH, when the pH remains in the range of 5.2 to 6 for a prolonged period due to the accumulation of short-chain fatty acids and insufficient rumen buffering. The causes of SARA are related to high-grain diets, such as feeding excessive amounts of non-structural carbohydrates and highly fermentable forages, and insufficient dietary coarse fibre. SARA is associated with the inflammation of several organs and tissues in dairy cows, and its main long-term health and economic consequences are the fluctuation of feed intake, reduced fibre digestion, depression of milk yield and milk fat content, gastrointestinal damage, diarrhoea, laminitis, liver abscesses, and lameness. The aim of this review is to summarize the information available on the physiological aspects, risk factors, prevalence and possible indicators of SARA in dairy cattle. Basedon the existing literature, rumenocentesis and the use of an oral stomach tube are reliable field techniques to detect SARA. Nowadays, improved field techniques allowing the continuous measurement of reticuloruminal pH are also available for better diagnosis of SARA. Wireless indwelling pH probes may become important tools for the continuous measurement of ruminal pH in the coming years.

scholarly journals Effects of a bacterial probiotic on ruminal pH and volatile fatty acids during subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 1595-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko GOTO ◽  
Abdul Qadir QADIS ◽  
Yo-Han KIM ◽  
Kentaro IKUTA ◽  
Toshihiro ICHIJO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis

scholarly journals Rumen Microbiome Composition Determined Using Two Nutritional Models of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (22) ◽  
pp. 7115-7124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Khafipour ◽  
Shucong Li ◽  
Jan C. Plaizier ◽  
Denis O. Krause
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
The Real ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Rumen Microbiome

ABSTRACT Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a metabolic disease in dairy cattle that occurs during early and mid-lactation and has traditionally been characterized by low rumen pH, but lactic acid does not accumulate as in acute lactic acid acidosis. It is hypothesized that factors such as increased gut permeability, bacterial lipopolysaccharides, and inflammatory responses may have a role in the etiology of SARA. However, little is known about the nature of the rumen microbiome during SARA. In this study, we analyzed the microbiome of 64 rumen samples taken from eight lactating Holstein dairy cattle using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms (TRFLP) of 16S rRNA genes and real-time PCR. We used rumen samples from two published experiments in which SARA had been induced with either grain or alfalfa pellets. The results of TRFLP analysis indicated that the most predominant shift during SARA was a decline in gram-negative Bacteroidetes organisms. However, the proportion of Bacteroidetes organisms was greater in alfalfa pellet-induced SARA than in mild or severe grain-induced SARA (35.4% versus 26.0% and 16.6%, respectively). This shift was also evident from the real-time PCR data for Prevotella albensis, Prevotella brevis, and Prevotella ruminicola, which are members of the Bacteroidetes. The real-time PCR data also indicated that severe grain-induced SARA was dominated by Streptococcus bovis and Escherichia coli, whereas mild grain-induced SARA was dominated by Megasphaera elsdenii and alfalfa pellet-induced SARA was dominated by P. albensis. Using discriminant analysis, the severity of SARA and degree of inflammation were highly correlated with the abundance of E. coli and not with lipopolysaccharide in the rumen. We thus suspect that E. coli may be a contributing factor in disease onset.

scholarly journals The Effects of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis on Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Dairy Cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mitchell ◽  
O. ALZahal ◽  
M. M. Or-Rashid ◽  
M. A. Steele ◽  
B. W. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis
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