scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Soil of the Agropastoral Farm B29, along a Toposequence in the Departement of Aboisso Comoe Southeast of Cote D'ivoire

Author(s):  
ADECHINA Olayossimi ◽  
OUATTARA Amidou ◽  
ALLA Kouadio Sylvestre ◽  
NASSA Estelle ◽  
YAO-KOUAME Albert
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 7771-7782
Author(s):  
AKEDRIN Tetchi Nicaise ◽  
AKOTTO Odi Faustin ◽  
COULIBALY Kiyinlma ◽  
COULIBALY Siendou ◽  
AKE Sévérin

En Côte d’Ivoire, la pratique des cultures continues ont entrainé la pauvreté des sols en éléments nutritifs. Pour y remédier, des espèces biofertilisantes en occurrence des légumineuses subligneuses susceptibles d’influer sur la disponibilité des éléments nutritifs du sol sont plantées dans les jachères pour la restauration de la fertilité. Cette étude sur le recensement et les caractérisations physicochimiques du sol et des légumineuses utilisées comme biofertilisants dans les jachères a été conduite à Daloa. La caractérisation chimique de ces végétaux réalisée sur la biomasse racinaire fraîche séchée au four à 65 ° C pendant 72 heures puis broyée et tamisée à une taille de 0,5 mm, a porté sur les compositions totales en N, P, K, Ca, Mg, C. Quant à la caractérisation du sol prélevé à 0-20 cm de profondeur, le pH, la taille des particules, l'azote total, le carbone organique, la capacité d'échange de cations, le P disponible et le K ont été analysés. Les prospections réalisées dans ces jachères ont permis de recenser six légumineuses comme culture principale. Ces légumineuses sont majoritairement lianescentes (50 %) contre 33 % des herbacées et 17 % d’arbustes. Les caractéristiques chimiques des racines ont montré une différence de variation de l’azote du témoin (13 g kg-1) à Mimosa invisa (28 g kg-1). Les concentrations en N, P, K ont été maximales chez toutes les espèces à l’exception de Mimosa invisa et Crotalaria retusa. Cependant, chez Mimosa invisa , les fortes concentrations de CEC (13,8 cmolc kg-1) et de C (27 g kg-1) ont été enregistrées. Les concentrations de phosphores (3,9 g kg-1) et de potassiums (53 g kg-1 de K) sont maximales respectivement chez Crotalaria goreensis et Crotalaria retusa. L’usage de ces légumineuses semble indispensable à la reconstitution de l’horizon humifère donc susceptible de restaurer la fertilité du sol et d’influencer la croissance des cultures non fixatrice d’azote. Akedrin et al., 2020 Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences (J.Anim.Plant Sci. ISSN 2071-7024) Vol.45 (1): 7771-7782 https://doi.org/10.35759/JAnmPlSci.v45-1.2 7772 Monograph of subligneous legumes used for the biofertilization of improved fallow soils in Daloa (Côte d'Ivoire). ABSTRACT In Côte d'Ivoire, the practice of continuous cultivation has resulted in poor nutrient soils. To remedy this, biofertilizing species in the form of subligneous legumes likely to influence the availability of soil nutrients are planted in fallows to restore fertility. This study on the inventory and the physico-chemical characterization of the legume species used as biofertilizers in fallows was conducted in Daloa. The chemical characterization of these plants was carried out from fresh root biomass dried in an oven at 65 ° C for 72 hours then crushed and sieved to a size of 0.5 mm. The analyses related to the total compositions in N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and C. As for the characterization of the soil sampled at 0-20 cm depth, the pH, the size of the particles, Total nitrogen, the organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, available P and K were analyzed. Surveys carried out in these fallows have identified six legumes as the main crop. These legumes are mostly creeping (50%) compared to herbaceous (33%) and shrubs (17%). The chemical characteristics of the roots showed a difference in the variation of nitrogen from the control (13 g kg-1) to Mimosa invisa (28 g kg-1). Concentrations of N, P, and K were highest in all species except Mimosa invisa and Crotalaria retusa. However, in Mimosa invisa, high concentrations of CEC (13.8 cmolc kg-1) and C (27 g kg-1) were recorded. Similarly, the concentrations of phosphorus (3.9 g kg-1) and potassium (53 g kg-1 K) are maximum in Crotalaria goreensis and Crotalaria retusa respectively. The use of these legumes seems essential to the reconstruction of the humiferous horizon, therefore likely to restore soil fertility and influence the growth of crops that do not fix nitrogen.


Author(s):  
Daniel Kouamé Kra ◽  
Yapi Richmond Baka ◽  
David Coulibaly N’golo ◽  
Ipou Joseph Ipou

The cocoa tree, the mainexport crop in Côte d'Ivoire is frequently attacked by a disease: brown pod rot, caused by Phytophthora spp. which causes a considerable drop in production. This soil-borne pathogen attacks on so-called weeds when environmental conditions are favourable. The presence of these susceptible weed hosts can amplify this scourge of brown rot by transmitting the pathogen to the crop plant. In order to improve the yield of this crop, a study was conducted in the Nawa region to identify the weed hosts through the characterization of the pathogen. This study consisted first in the inventory of susceptible host weeds of Phytophthora spp. and second in the morphological characterization of the pathogen. Concerning the host weeds inventory we procceeded determining all symptomatic weeds located within 3 m of the cocoa plants affected by brown rot. We identified 48 susceptible host species, divided into 41 genera and 22 families and we observed brown spots on the leaves of Oplismenus burmannii and Laportea aestuans; on the leaves of Clerodendrum splendens and Xanthosoma mafaffa, brown necroses surrounded by a yellow halo were noticed. Oily brown spots were examined on the leaves of Ageratum conyzoides. On the proximal, lateral and distal parts of the pods symptoms of brown spots covered with whitish mycelia were observed. Phytophthora strains obtained from the pods and weeds on PDA culture medium were characterized by matted, white mycelial colonies with a cottony appearance. Microscopic features revealed the presence of sporocysts, oospores and chlamydospores of different shapes.


2020 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Essoh ◽  
Jean-Philippe Vernadet ◽  
Gilles Vergnaud ◽  
Adama Coulibaly ◽  
Adèle Kakou-N’Douba ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Kra Akoua Clarisse ◽  
Assale Fori Yao Paul ◽  
Yao N’Goran Jean-Paul ◽  
Monde Sylvain ◽  
Aka Kouamé

Anyama is located on the onshore of the sedimentary basin of Côte d’Ivoire. It is to the east of the basin and the formations, particularly those dating back to the Quaternary may have been studied. Based on samples, collected from two drill holes (An1 and An2), each 114 m deep, a sedimentology and mineralogy characterization of Plio-Quaternary formations was carried out. The sedimentological study was assessed by taking account the lithology, the grain size, the transport model and the environment deposit of the sediments, the morphoscopy and the exoscopy of the quartz grain. The mineralogy study was made on clays through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Lithological characterization, revealed the presence of clay facies (kaolinite), sandy facies and mixed sediments, all covered with the earth bar. As for the size, it indicates coarse to medium sands with a positive asymmetry to almost positive, sands moderately classified to fairly classify. The relative mineralogy reveals the presence of silicon, aluminum and iron oxides. XRD indicates that quartz and kaolinite prevail and gypsum, rutile or anatase, illite and calcium sulfate hydrate are associated minerals.


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