Vasa vasorum formation is associated with rupture of intracranial aneurysms

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruka Miyata ◽  
Hirohiko Imai ◽  
Hirokazu Koseki ◽  
Kampei Shimizu ◽  
Yu Abekura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Lysyl Oxidase ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Vasa Vasorum ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
The Right

OBJECTIVESubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has a poor outcome despite modern advancements in medical care. The development of a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) or a novel diagnostic marker to predict rupture-prone lesions is thus mandatory. Therefore, in the present study, the authors established a rat model in which IAs spontaneously rupture and examined this model to clarify histopathological features associated with rupture of lesions.METHODSFemale Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy; the ligation of the left common carotid, the right external carotid, and the right pterygopalatine arteries; induced systemic hypertension; and the administration of a lysyl oxidase inhibitor.RESULTSAneurysmal SAH occurred in one-third of manipulated animals and the locations of ruptured IAs were exclusively at a posterior or anterior communicating artery (PCoA/ACoA). Histopathological examination using ruptured IAs, rupture-prone IAs induced at a PCoA or ACoA, and IAs induced at an anterior cerebral artery–olfactory artery bifurcation that never ruptured revealed the formation of vasa vasorum as an event associated with rupture of IAs.CONCLUSIONSThe authors propose the contribution of a structural change in an adventitia, i.e., vasa vasorum formation, to the rupture of IAs. Findings from this study provide important insights about the pathogenesis of IAs.

scholarly journals Vasa Vasorum Formation is Associated With Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms

Neurosurgery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruka Miyata ◽  
Hirokazu Koseki ◽  
Kampei Shimizu ◽  
Yu Abekura ◽  
Mieko Oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Vasa Vasorum ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
The Right

Abstract INTRODUCTION Subarachnoid hemorrhage has a poor outcome despite a modern advancement in medical care. The development of a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) or a novel diagnostic marker to predict rupture-prone lesions is thus mandatory. Therefore, in the present study, we established a rat model in which IAs spontaneously rupture and examined this model to clarify histopathological features associated with rupture of lesions. METHODS In detail, female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to the bilateral ovariectomy, the ligation of the left common carotid, the right external carotid, and the right pterygopalatine arteries, the induced systemic hypertension, and the administration of a lysyl oxidase inhibitor. RESULTS Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred one-thirds of manipulated animals and locations of ruptured IAs were exclusively at a posterior or an anterior communicating artery. Histopathological examination using ruptured IAs, rupture-prone ones induced at a posterior or an anterior communicating artery, ones induced at an anterior cerebral artery-olfactory artery bifurcation that never rupture revealed the formation of vasa vasorum as an event associated with rupture of IAs. CONCLUSION We thus proposed the contribution of a structural change in an adventitia, vasa vasorum formation, to rupture of IAs. Findings from this study provide important insights about the pathogenesis of IAs.

Abstract WMP33: Neutrophils Infiltrating Through Vasa Vasorum Facilitate Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Aoki ◽  
Mika Kushamae ◽  
Haruka Miyata ◽  
Tohru Mizutani ◽  
Kazuhiko Nozaki
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Vasa Vasorum ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Sprague Dawley

Introduction: Subarachnoid hemorrhage due to rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) has quite a poor outcome once after the onset despite an intensive medical care. An appropriate treatment intervention of IAs to prevent rupture is thus mandatory for social health. To achieve this goal, a novel therapeutic modality should be developed based on accurate understanding of the underlying pathogenesis. Although the crucial contribution of macrophage-mediated chronic inflammatory responses in the initiation and progression of IAs has been clarified, much still remains to be elucidated, e.g. what factor triggers rupture of IAs. Methods: 10-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats weresubjected to the combined ligation of carotid arteries and systemic hypertension to induce IAs. In this model, two different type of IAs can be induced in a same animal, spontaneously ruptured ones and ones which never rupture. Using this model, we compared ruptured IAs and unruptured ones to clarify histological features related with rupture of the lesions. Gene expression profile data was obtained by RNA-sequencing analyses of induced IAs to identify molecular cascades functioning in the process of rupture. We also examined effect of neutrophils on the rupture, subcutaneous injection of G-CSF was done. Results: We found the significant increase of vasa vasorum at the adventitia of ruptured IA walls compared with that in unruptured ones. Through the RNA-sequencing analysis, we identified cascades related with neutrophils as over-represented ones in ruptured lesions. The increase of neutrophils in number by G-CSF treatment then significantly facilitated rupture of IAs and inflammatory responses in situ. Conclusions: These results combined together propose that rupture of lesions requires structural changes of arterial walls, vasa vasorum formation, and infiltration of neutrophils across there beyond the well-known involvement of macrophage-mediated chronic inflammation in the process of initiation, making rupture being qualitatively different process. The present study also highlights the potential of vasa vasorum formation or neutrophils as a target for drug therapy to prevent subarachnoid hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Microsurgery for Multiple Intracranial Aneurysms

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Laís Miotta Simoncello ◽  
Hsuan Hua Chen ◽  
Lucas do Amaral Genta Mansano ◽  
Manauela Iglesias Borges ◽  
Sophia Fuentes Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Multiple Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Complex Aneurysms ◽  
Microsurgical Clipping ◽  
Microsurgical Approach ◽  
The Right ◽  
Age Range

Background: A total of 23 patients with 52 aneurysms were surgically treated in single surgery at a Neurosurgical Service of the Health Service of the State of São Paulo from 2009 to 2011. Method: Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing clipping of two or more cerebral aneurysms in a single stage, from January 2007 to July 2012. Results: Twenty-nine patients underwent two or more clipping cerebral aneurysms in a single surgery – 28 with a single craniotomy and one through two craniotomies. Of these, 20, 7, 1 and 1 were submitted to the clipping of 2, 3, 4 and 5 cerebral aneurysms, respectively. Five were male and 24 were female, and the age range was 40 to 66-years-old. Eight left craniotomies were performed to approach 17 lateralized brain aneurysms to the left and five to the right, as well as three anterior communicating complex aneurysms. Twelve craniotomies were performed on the right to approach 23 intracranial aneurysms lateralized to the right and six on the left, as well as 15 anterior communicating artery complex aneurysms and 1 on the basilar artery. Of the 29 patients, 28 evolved with 1-3 pts and only one with 4-5 pts on the Rankin scale, six months after surgery. Conclusion: We advocate microsurgical approach for most of the cases of multiple intracranial aneurysms aiming the microsurgical clipping of all intracranial aneurysms if feasible through a single stage and a single craniotomy.

Clip-grafts for aneurysm and small vessel surgery.

1972 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thoralf M. Sundt
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Septal Region ◽  
Vertebrobasilar System ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Analysis of the use of the clip-graft for intracranial aneurysms indicates that the clip-graft is chiefly applicable to internal carotid and anterior communicating artery aneurysms. The development of the right-angle clip holder has extended its use to anterior communicating artery aneurysms that project posteriorly or superiorly. The dangers of dissection in the septal region are discussed. With few exceptions, the clip-graft is not applicable to the vertebrobasilar system or middle cerebral artery trifurcation aneurysms, although it has been used for aneurysms arising from the trunk of the latter vessel.

scholarly journals Uterine torsion in a Sprague Dawley rat (Rattus norvegicus)

2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Erlwanger ◽  
M. A. Costello ◽  
L. C. R. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rat ◽  
Uterine Torsion ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltrates ◽  
The Right

Uterine torsion is a twisting of the uterus or uterine horn perpendicular to its long axis.We report a case of uterine torsion in an adult breeding Sprague Dawley rat. The rat died a month after her last recorded delivery. Post mortem examination of the rat revealed 270° torsion of the right uterine horn. The uterus contained a single foetus. The liver was pale and enlarged. The rest of the viscera appeared normal. Histopathological examination showed acute hepatic necrosis and pulmonary congestion with mild lymphocytic infiltrates peribronchially. The acute hepatic necrosis may have been associated with septicaemia due to compromised blood vessels following the uterine torsion. The presence of a single foetus could have resulted in foeto-maternal disproportion with resultant uterine torsion. Torsion of the uterus can be accompanied by haemostatic and metabolic complications, which could have caused the death of the rat. Although uterine torsion is a rare condition in rats, it should be considered as a potential complication of gestation in animal breeding units.

Anomalous branch of the internal carotid artery supplying circulation of the anterior cerebral artery

1983 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 941-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunichiro Fujimoto ◽  
Masao Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Ophthalmic Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
Anomalous Branch

✓ Angiographic and operative investigations revealed an anomalous branch of the internal carotid artery (ICA) in a patient with an anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm. The anomalous vessel originated from the right ICA at the level of the ophthalmic artery, and pursued an infraoptic and prechiasmatic path to supply both pericallosal arteries. The clinical features and possible genesis of this anomaly are discussed. This irregularity is frequently associated with intracranial aneurysms, especially those of the ACoA, and with other anomalies.

Popliteal artery thrombosis secondary to a tibial osteochondroma

VASA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gruber-Szydlo ◽  
Poreba ◽  
Belowska-Bien ◽  
Derkacz ◽  
Badowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Angiography ◽  
Popliteal Artery ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Plain Radiography ◽  
Artery Thrombosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Popliteal artery thrombosis may present as a complication of an osteochondroma located in the vicinity of the knee joint. This is a case report of a 26-year-old man with symptoms of the right lower extremity ischaemia without a previous history of vascular disease or trauma. Plain radiography, magnetic resonance angiography and Doppler ultrasonography documented the presence of an osteochondrous structure of the proximal tibial metaphysis, which displaced and compressed the popliteal artery, causing its occlusion due to intraluminal thrombosis..The patient was operated and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma.

Successful Control of a Co-Infection Caused by Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Keratitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debarati Paul ◽  
Suman Saha ◽  
Neelam Singh ◽  
Jayansgu Sengupta ◽  
Santi M. Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Male Farmer ◽  
Successful Control ◽  
The Right ◽  
Corneal Button

Introduction: Nowadays, co-infection by interspecific organisms is major threat in infection control. To identify the effective combination of drugs to control the keratitis caused by Candida albicans with Pseudomonas aeruginosa are attributed in this study. Materilas and Methods: The patient of a 47 years old male farmer with infection in the right eye which showed redness and watering was treated with fortified cefazolin and fortified tobramycin before referral. No pigmentation or vascularisation was noted. The excised corneal button was also subjected to microbiological and histopathological examination. Results: A rare case of keratitis caused by co-infection of Candida albicans with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified. Results confirmed the inter-specific interaction of the two microorganisms. Conclusion: Cases of co-infection by Candida and Pseudomonas are not abundantly reported and difficult to treat. In this case, treatment involved Amphotercin-B and ciprofloxacin, effectively eradicated the infection. This therapy may be successfully implied for such cases of co-infection in future.

Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation of the Radioprotective Effects of Melatonin Against Gamma Ray-Induced Skin Damage

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheyauldeen Shabeeb ◽  
Masoud Najafi ◽  
Ahmed Eleojo Musa ◽  
Mansoor Keshavarz ◽  
Alireza Shirazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Exposed Skin ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Skin Damages ◽  
The Right

Background:Radiotherapy is one of the treatment methods for cancers using ionizing radiations. About 70% of cancer patients undergo radiotherapy. Radiation effect on the skin is one of the main complications of radiotherapy and dose limiting factor. To ameliorate this complication, we used melatonin as a radioprotective agent due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, free radical scavenging, improving overall survival after irradiation as well as minimizing the degree of DNA damage and frequency of chromosomal abrasions.Methods:Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control (C), melatonin (M), radiation (R) and melatonin + radiation (MR). A single dose of 30 Gy gamma radiation was exposed to the right hind legs of the rats while 40 mg/ml of melatonin was administered 30 minutes before irradiation and 2 mg/ml once daily in the afternoon for one month till the date of rat’s sacrifice. Five rats from each group were sacrificed 4, 12 and 20 weeks after irradiation. Afterwards, their exposed skin tissues were examined histologically and biochemically.Results:In biochemical analysis, we found that malondialdehyde (MDA) levels significantly increased in R group and decreased significantly in M and MR groups after 4, 12, and 20 weeks, whereas catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities decreased in the R group and increased in M and MR groups during the same time periods compared with the C group (p<0.05). Histopathological examination found there were statistically significant differences between R group compared with the C and M groups for the three different time periods (p<0.005, p<0.004 and p<0.004) respectively, while R group differed significantly with MR group (p<0.013). No significant differences were observed between C and M compared with MR group (p>0.05) at 4 and 20 weeks except for inflammation and hair follicle atrophy, while there were significant effects at 12 weeks (p<0.05).Conclusion:Melatonin can be successfully used for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced skin injury. We recommend the use of melatonin in optimal and safe doses. These doses should be administered over a long period of time for effective radioprotection and amelioration of skin damages as well as improving the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy.

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