Anaplastic astrocytoma and anaplastic oligodendroglioma occurring 6 years after subtotal resection of a central neurocytoma

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Kanamori ◽  
Toshihiro Kumabe ◽  
Mika Watanabe ◽  
Teiji Tominaga
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Anaplastic Astrocytoma ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Central Neurocytoma ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

✓The authors present the case of a 51-year-old man who presented with an anaplastic astrocytoma and anaplastic oligo-dendroglioma that developed 6 years after subtotal resection of a central neurocytoma in his right lateral ventricle. He had received neither radiation therapy nor chemotherapy after the original resection. On readmission, neuroimaging revealed a mass in the right parietal lobe and a diffuse lesion in the right temporal lobe, insula, and corona radiata. Because both lesions extended to the right lateral ventricle wall, they were regarded as recurrent rather than metachronous tumors. Histological examination revealed anaplastic oligodendroglioma in the parietal lobe and anaplastic astrocytoma in the insula. One year later, the anaplastic astrocytoma was found to have transformed into a glioblastoma multiforme. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis and immunohistochemical examinations detected deletions of the 1p36 and 19q13 loci, and nuclear accumulation of TP53 protein in the anaplastic oligodendroglioma but not in the glioblastoma multiforme. These findings suggest that central neurocytoma or progenitor cells have the potential for oligodendrocytic and astrocytic transformation with different genetic aberrations.

Radiosurgery-induced brain tumor

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanobu Kaido ◽  
Tohru Hoshida ◽  
Ryunosuke Uranishi ◽  
Nobuhisa Akita ◽  
Akihira Kotani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Radiation Necrosis ◽  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors describe a case of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) associated with previous gamma knife radiosurgery for a cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM). A 14-year-old boy had undergone radiosurgery for an AVM, which was performed using a 201-source 60Co gamma knife system at another institution. The maximum and margin radiation doses used in the procedure were 40 and 20 Gy, respectively. One year after radiosurgery, the patient noticed onset of mild left hemiparesis due to radiation necrosis. Six and one-half years after radiosurgery, at the age of 20 years, the patient experienced an attack of generalized tonic—clonic seizure. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed the existence of a brain tumor in the right parietal lobe. The patient underwent an operation and the histological diagnosis of the lesion was GBM. Ten months following the operation, that is, 99 months postradiosurgery, this patient died. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of a neoplasm induced by radiosurgery for an AVM and the second case in which it occurred following radiosurgery for intracranial disease.

Cerebral Glioblastomas Can Be Cured!

Neurosurgery ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 714-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Bucy ◽  
H.R. Oberhill ◽  
Edir B. Siqueira ◽  
H.M. Zimmerman ◽  
Richard K. Jelsma
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Full Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cerebral Gliomas ◽  
The Right

Abstract In 1959, a 30-year-old man underwent the removal of a glioblastoma multiforme from the right parietal lobe of his brain. After the operation, he received x-ray therapy. He made a complete recovery. Today, over 25 years later, he is alive and well and is regularly employed full-time. If glioblastomas and other cerebral gliomas are removed completely, the patients can be cured of their tumors.

scholarly journals Extraventricular Neurocytoma

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (188) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Karki ◽  
K Tamrakar ◽  
Xu Yi Kai ◽  
Wu Yuan Kui ◽  
Zhang Wei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Central Neurocytoma ◽  
Extraventricular Neurocytoma ◽  
Cystic Component ◽  
The Right ◽  
T2 Weighted Images

Extraventricular neurocytoma (EVN) is a rare neuroepithelial tumor. Its propensity to occur in cerebral hemisphere is much higher. EVN has a histological resemblance to central neurocytoma but radiologically, it is more complex. Ganglionic differentiation is more common in EVN and tends to have more of a cystic component. Calcification is frequent but hemorrhage is only an occasional finding. Although it has been reported to occur in various regions, the propensity to occur in cerebral hemisphere is much higher. Herein, we report two cases which presented as a mass in the right frontal lobe and right parietal lobe. MRI showed hypointesity on T1, hyperintesity on T2-weighted images with moderate enhancement after contast injection. In short extraventricular neurocytoma should be considered indifferential diagnosis of complex intracranial masses.  Keywords: central neurocytoma; computed tomography; xtraventricular neurocytoma; MagneticResonance Imaging.

scholarly journals Giant Cell Variant of Glioblastoma Multiforme: Report of a Rare Variant in a Child

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Aminparast ◽  
Mazaher Ramezani
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Female Child ◽  
Cell Variant ◽  
The Right ◽  
Persistent Headache ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Giant Cell Glioblastoma

Malignant glial tumors are rare in children. Giant cell variant is a rare subtype of glioblastoma, accounting for about 0.8% of brain tumors and 5% of glioblastoma tumors. Giant cell glioblastoma is a male predominant tumor in children and adults. Due to the low prevalence of this variant, available information is limited. An 11-year-old female child was referred with a chief complaint of a progressive persistent headache. MRI showed a well-defined cystic lesion with a solid mural component in the right parietal lobe with a compression effect on the ipsilateral ventricular system. Surgery was done. After the pathologist reported glioblastoma multiforme, a giant cell variant, the patient received 30 sessions of radiation therapy. The patient was readmitted 18 months later with a headache, and the pathologist confirmed the recurrence of the tumor. Based on radiology, the giant cell glioblastoma cannot be distinguished from the common subtype glioblastoma. The pathologists must be aware of this entity, and histologic differential diagnoses are warranted for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes.

scholarly journals Diffuse Midline Glioma with H3-K27M Mutation: A Rare Case with GFAP-positive Anucleate Whorled Patterns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Hua Wang ◽  
Jian Gu ◽  
Juan-Han Yu ◽  
Lin Fu ◽  
Qing-Chang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
K27m Mutation ◽  
Suprasellar Region ◽  
Astrocytic Differentiation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Diffuse Midline Glioma

Abstract Background: Diffuse midline glioma with H3-K27M mutation is a new tumor type in the 2016 WHO classification of tumors of the central nervous system, with predominantly astrocytic differentiation and is characterized by K27M mutation in either H3F3A/-HIST1H3B/C. It occurs at the midline of the CNS. It is mainly found in children, and adult cases are relatively rare . Although its histopathological features have been widely described, GFAP-positive anucleate whorled patterns have not been reported to the best of our knowledge. Hence, we have reported this unusual case.Case presentation：A woman presented with complaints of walking instability. MRI showed a mass shadow of isometric T1 and slightly longer T2 with mild mixed signals in the third ventricle of the suprasellar region, about 3.4 x 2.5 x 3.4 cm in size. The enhanced scan showed that the lesion was irregular and annular, with a clear edge. The lesion had spread to the right lateral ventricle, which dilated the ventricular system, especially the right lateral ventricle. Furthermore, the lamellar long T2 signal was seen in bilateral paraventricular white matter, the midline structure had shifted to the left, and the corpus callosum was thinner. Radiological findings suggested ependymoma. Subtotal resection craniotomy was performed. After surgery, the patient was routinely treated with temozolomide for chemotherapy and synchronous radiotherapy (Dt=60 Gy/30f). It has been 11 months now, and the patient is living well.Result: We described an extremely rare case of diffuse midline glioma, H3-K27M mutation with GFAP-positive anucleate whorled patterns. Conclusions: This case report provides information on the microscopic morphological features of diffuse midline glioma with H3K27M mutation, which can help pathologists to make a definitive diagnosis of this tumor.

Neural Underpinnings of Numerical and Spatial Cognition: An fMRI Meta-Analysis of Brain Regions Associated with Symbolic Number, Arithmetic, and Mental Rotation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Hawes ◽  
H Moriah Sokolowski ◽  
Chuka Bosah Ononye ◽  
Daniel Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Number Representation ◽  
Neural Underpinnings ◽  
The Right ◽  
Symbolic Number

Where and under what conditions do spatial and numerical skills converge and diverge in the brain? To address this question, we conducted a meta-analysis of brain regions associated with basic symbolic number processing, arithmetic, and mental rotation. We used Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) to construct quantitative meta-analytic maps synthesizing results from 86 neuroimaging papers (~ 30 studies/cognitive process). All three cognitive processes were found to activate bilateral parietal regions in and around the intraparietal sulcus (IPS); a finding consistent with shared processing accounts. Numerical and arithmetic processing were associated with overlap in the left angular gyrus, whereas mental rotation and arithmetic both showed activity in the middle frontal gyri. These patterns suggest regions of cortex potentially more specialized for symbolic number representation and domain-general mental manipulation, respectively. Additionally, arithmetic was associated with unique activity throughout the fronto-parietal network and mental rotation was associated with unique activity in the right superior parietal lobe. Overall, these results provide new insights into the intersection of numerical and spatial thought in the human brain.

Emotion Recognition Deficits in Psychiatric Disorders as a Target of Non-invasive Neuromodulation: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 155005942199168
Author(s):  
Yuji Yamada ◽  
Takuma Inagawa ◽  
Naotsugu Hirabayashi ◽  
Tomiki Sumiyoshi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cognitive Benefits ◽  
The Right ◽  
English Articles

Background. Social cognition deficits are a core feature of psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and mood disorder, and deteriorate the functionality of patients. However, no definite strategy has been established to treat social cognition (eg, emotion recognition) impairments in these illnesses. Here, we provide a systematic review of the literature regarding transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of social cognition deficits in individuals with psychiatric disorders. Methods. A literature search was conducted on English articles identified by PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases, according to the guidelines of the PRISMA statement. We defined the inclusion criteria as follows: (1) randomized controlled trials (RCTs), (2) targeting patients with psychiatric disorders (included in F20-F39 of the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems [ICD-10]), (3) evaluating the effect of tDCS or rTMS, (4) reporting at least one standardized social cognition test. Results. Five papers (3 articles on tDCS and 2 articles on rTMS) met the inclusion criteria which deal with schizophrenia or depression. The significant effects of tDCS or rTMS targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on the emotion recognition domain were reported in patients with schizophrenia or depression. In addition, rTMS on the right inferior parietal lobe was shown to ameliorate social perception impairments of schizophrenia. Conclusions. tDCS and rTMS may enhance some domains of social cognition in patients with psychiatric disorders. Further research is warranted to identify optimal parameters to maximize the cognitive benefits of these neuromodulation methods.

scholarly journals Is Lateropulsion Really Related with a Specific Lesion of the Brain?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Kyoung Lee ◽  
Sang Yoo ◽  
Eun Ji ◽  
Woo Hwang ◽  
Yeun Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Vertical Posture ◽  
Lesion Volume ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke

Lateropulsion (pusher syndrome) is an important barrier to standing and gait after stroke. Although several studies have attempted to elucidate the relationship between brain lesions and lateropulsion, the effects of specific brain lesions on the development of lateropulsion remain unclear. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of stroke lesion location and size on lateropulsion in right hemisphere stroke patients. The present retrospective cross-sectional observational study assessed 50 right hemisphere stroke patients. Lateropulsion was diagnosed and evaluated using the Scale for Contraversive Pushing (SCP). Voxel-based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis with 3T-MRI was used to identify the culprit lesion for SCP. We also performed VLSM controlling for lesion volume as a nuisance covariate, in a multivariate model that also controlled for other factors contributing to pusher behavior. VLSM, combined with statistical non-parametric mapping (SnPM), identified the specific region with SCP. Lesion size was associated with lateropulsion. The precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, insula and subgyral parietal lobe of the right hemisphere seemed to be associated with the lateropulsion; however, after adjusting for lesion volume as a nuisance covariate, no lesion areas were associated with the SCP scores. The size of the right hemisphere lesion was the only factor most strongly associated with lateropulsion in patients with stroke. These results may be useful for planning rehabilitation strategies of restoring vertical posture and understanding the pathophysiology of lateropulsion in stroke patients.

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