Cell kinetics analysis in a case of teratoma of the thoracic spine

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. Murovic ◽  
Stephen De Armond ◽  
Tadashi Nagashima ◽  
Michael S. B. Edwards ◽  
Takao Hoshino
Keyword(s):  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Cell Kinetics ◽  
Mature Teratoma ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Respiratory Epithelia ◽  
Mesenchymal Tissue ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Cell Layers

✓ The authors report cell kinetics studies in an infant who had multiple operations for removal of a rare benign thoracic spinal teratoma with retroperitoneal extension. Before the final surgical procedure for recurrent tumor, bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR), 200 mg/sq m, was administered intravenously to label tumor cells in the S (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis) phase of the cell cycle. Histologically, the tumor was a mature teratoma consisting of components derived from all three germ-cell layers. Cells labeled with BUdR were found in the basal layer of stratified squamous epithelia, in respiratory epithelia, in the cartilage and surrounding perichondrial mesenchyme, and in loose mesenchymal tissue throughout the teratoma. In contrast to neuroec-todermal tumors, which show widespread BUdR uptake throughout the tissue and which have different average labeling indices according to their histological type (range < 1 % to 15.2%), the teratoma showed BUdR labeling only in certain areas, indicating fairly organized growth patterns; the labeling indices in these areas ranged from 0.39% to 1.9%.

Monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the thoracic spine: clinopathological description and follow up

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Arazi ◽  
Onder Guney ◽  
Mustafa Ozdemir ◽  
Omer Uluoglu ◽  
Nuket Uzum
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Dysplasia ◽  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
En Bloc Resection ◽  
Spinal Tumors ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report the case of a 53-year-old woman with monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the thoracic spine. The patient presented with a 1-month history of pain in the thoracic spinal region. En bloc resection of the lesion was successfully performed via a transthoracic approach, and a histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia. At 24-month follow-up examination, pain and vertebral instability were absent. The findings in this case illustrate that, although very rare, monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the thoracic spine should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spinal tumors. Although a consensus for management of this disease has not been achieved, the authors recommend radical removal of all involved bone as well as internal fixation or bone graft—assisted fusion to achieve long-term stabilization.

Transdural herniation of the thoracic spinal cord: untethering via a posterolateral transpedicular approach

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryder Gwinn ◽  
Fraser Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Posterior Approach ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Dural Repair ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transpedicular Approach ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Spinal Cord Herniation ◽  
Thoracic Cord

✓ Anterior spinal cord herniation is a well-documented condition in which the thoracic cord becomes tethered within a defect in the anterior dura mater. Typical procedures have involved a posterior approach with direct manipulation of the thoracic cord to expose and blindly release its point of tethering. The authors report three cases in which a novel approach for the treatment of anterior thoracic cord herniation was performed, cord manipulation and traction are minimized, and direct dural repair of the defect is performed.

Histopathology of experimental hematomyelia

1991 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 911-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Milhorat ◽  
David E. Adler ◽  
Ian M. Heger ◽  
John I. Miller ◽  
Joanna R. Hollenberg-Sher
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Central Canal ◽  
Microglial Cells ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Cellular Debris ◽  
Dorsal Columns

✓ The pathology of hematomyelia was examined in 35 rats following the stereotactic injection of 2 µl blood into the dorsal columns of the thoracic spinal cord. This experimental model produced a small ball-hemorrhage without associated neurological deficits or significant tissue injury. Histological sections of the whole spinal cord were studied at intervals ranging from 2 hours to 4 months after injection. In acute experiments (2 to 6 hours postinjection), blood was sometimes seen within the lumen of the central canal extending rostrally to the level of the fourth ventricle. Between 24 hours and 3 days, the parenchymal hematoma became consolidated and there was an intense proliferation of microglial cells at the perimeter of the lesion. The cells invaded the hematoma, infiltrated its core, and removed erythrocytes by phagocytosis. Rostral to the lesion, the lumen of the central canal was found to contain varying amounts of fibrin, proteinaceous material, and cellular debris for up to 15 days. These findings were much less prominent in the segments of the canal caudal to the lesion. Healing of the parenchymal hematoma was usually complete within 4 to 6 weeks except for residual hemosiderin-laden microglial cells and focal gliosis at the lesion site. It is concluded that the clearance of atraumatic hematomyelia probably involves two primary mechanisms: 1) phagocytosis of the focal hemorrhage by microglial cells; and 2) drainage of blood products in a rostral direction through the central canal of the spinal cord.

The histopathology of experimental spinal cord trauma

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1002-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E. Rawe ◽  
William A. Lee ◽  
Phanor L. Perot
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Systemic Blood Pressure ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Systemic Blood ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Marked Enhancement

✓ The early sequential histopathological alterations following a concussive paraplegic injury to the posterior thoracic spinal cord in cats were studied. The lack of significant progression of hemorrhages over a 4-hour period after injury indicates that most hemorrhages probably occur within the first hour. The marked enhancement or retardation of hemorrhages in the post-injury period, when the blood pressure was increased or decreased, respectively, demonstrates the loss of autoregulation of spinal cord vasculature at the trauma site after a concussive paraplegic injury. Progressive edema formation was evident over a 4-hour period following injury, and it could be enhanced or retarded by elevation or reduction of the systemic blood pressure.

scholarly journals Bordetella pertussisAdenylate Cyclase Toxin Disrupts Functional Integrity of Bronchial Epithelial Layers

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakir Hasan ◽  
Nikhil Nitin Kulkarni ◽  
Arni Asbjarnarson ◽  
Irena Linhartova ◽  
Radim Osicka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Airway Epithelium ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Camp Signaling ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Functional Integrity ◽  
Cell Layers

ABSTRACTThe airway epithelium restricts the penetration of inhaled pathogens into the underlying tissue and plays a crucial role in the innate immune defense against respiratory infections. The whooping cough agent,Bordetella pertussis, adheres to ciliated cells of the human airway epithelium and subverts its defense functions through the action of secreted toxins and other virulence factors. We examined the impact ofB. pertussisinfection and of adenylate cyclase toxin-hemolysin (CyaA) action on the functional integrity of human bronchial epithelial cells cultured at the air-liquid interface (ALI).B. pertussisadhesion to the apical surface of polarized pseudostratified VA10 cell layers provoked a disruption of tight junctions and caused a drop in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). The reduction of TEER depended on the capacity of the secreted CyaA toxin to elicit cAMP signaling in epithelial cells through its adenylyl cyclase enzyme activity. Both purified CyaA and cAMP-signaling drugs triggered a decrease in the TEER of VA10 cell layers. Toxin-produced cAMP signaling caused actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and induced mucin 5AC production and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, while it inhibited the IL-17A-induced secretion of the IL-8 chemokine and of the antimicrobial peptide beta-defensin 2. These results indicate that CyaA toxin activity compromises the barrier and innate immune functions ofBordetella-infected airway epithelia.

Behavioral strategy: mapping the trends, sources and intellectual evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamil Anwar ◽  
Aqsa Bibi ◽  
Nisar Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Intellectual Structure ◽  
Strategic Management Journal ◽  
Behavioral Strategy ◽  
Management Journal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Scopus Database

PurposeThis paper presents a comprehensive review of academic research dedicated to the field of Behavioral Strategy. Based on a series of Bibliometric and network analyses, the paper identifies the prominent trend and growth patterns pertaining to the evolution of this important strategic management subfield; it documents which particular journals, articles and authors have most influenced its development, and it maps the intellectual structure and network of authors, publications and countries. Finally, the paper considers the substantive research themes emerging from the analyses reported, in terms of their implications for future work.Design/methodology/approachThe authors undertook a series of Bibliometric and network analyses of 217 relevant articles, published between 1975 and 2020, in journals listed in the Scopus database, using R-studio and VOSviewer. Articles incorporated in the study were selected based on relevant key terms searched from the title, abstract and list of keywords associated with each publication.FindingsThe results demonstrate that behavioral strategy has enjoyed robust and sustained growth, with widespread impact across many areas of the heterogeneous business and management field as a whole. Three distinct periods are identified: an infancy stage (prior to 1999); a steady growth stage (1999–2010); and a take-off stage (2011 onwards). The top three journals in terms of content coverage, based on the number of relevant articles published in relation to behavioral strategy, are Strategic Management Journal, Advances in Strategic Management (AiSM) and the Journal of Management, while the top three most influential journals, in terms of citations pertaining to Behavioral Strategy, based on an analysis of citations in the Scopus database, are Strategic Management Journal, Academy of Management Perspectives and Journal of Management Studies. Gerard P. Hodgkinson and Thomas C. Powell are the most prolific authors. The emerging themes based on intellectual structures have been identified as Behavioral Strategy, Behavioral Theory of Firm; Strategic Leadership and Dynamic Capabilities; and Strategic Cognition and Decision Making.Practical implicationsThe study contributes to knowledge advancement concerning Behavioral Strategy by opening new possibilities to discover important research areas.Originality/valueThe study is the first of its kind on Behavioral Strategy providing a comprehensive systematic literature review.

Inhibition of proliferative growth in glioma cells by calmodulin antagonists

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Suzuki ◽  
Tetsuo Kanno ◽  
Yutaka Nagata ◽  
Taiji Kato
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Calmodulin Antagonists ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Proliferative Growth

✓ The effects of several calmodulin antagonists, such as N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene-sulfonamide hydrochloride (W-7) and its dechlorinated structural analogue (W-5), on the growth and proliferation of cultured and transplanted glioma (GA-1, chemically induced from rat glioblasts) were evaluated. Under culture conditions, the concentration of W-7 necessary to exert 50% inhibition of GA-1 glioma cell growth was 50 µM. However, W-5, with a lower binding affinity to calmodulin than W-7, caused no definite inhibition of the proliferation of GA-1 cells in culture. When a low concentration of W-7 (12.5 µM) was added to the culture medium, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis in the GA-1 glioma cells was not markedly affected, whereas both ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein syntheses were strongly suppressed on incubation for 24 hours. When a high concentration of W-7 (25.0 to 75.0 µM) was applied to the medium, synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein was distinctly inhibited. When W-7 (50.0 µM) was added to the incubation medium, the calmodulin concentration in the cultured GA-1 was reduced to as much as half the control level within 2 hours, and thereafter remained at this level. Whereas control rats intraperitoneally transplanted with GA-1 cells could survive for 14 to 21 days, daily intraperitoneal injections of W-7 at concentrations of 1.0, 3.0, and 10.0 mg/kg body weight prolonged the survival span to between 21 and 26 days; this corresponded to an increased life span of about 40% compared to the controls.

Intramedullary canine spinal cord tumor model

1984 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Salcman ◽  
Ernesto Botero ◽  
Krishna C. V. Rao ◽  
Richard D. Broadwell ◽  
Eric Scott
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumor ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tumor Cell Suspension ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Ethyl Cyanoacrylate

✓ The development of a transplantable model brain tumor in the neonatal dog, the adaptation of the tumor to tissue culture, and the successful growth of the tumor in adult mongrel dogs has been adapted to producing similar tumors in the thoracic spinal cord of the adult dog. Ten adult dogs, weighing 4 to 25.4 kg each, were subjected to formal laminectomy. The tumor cell suspension was injected by hand with a Hamilton syringe at two or three sites over a distance of 1 cm; each site received an injection volume to 0.02 to 0.05 cc of the cell suspension after the dura had been opened. Immediately after injection the field was copiously irrigated and the puncture area sealed with a single drop of ethyl cyanoacrylate. Tumor cells for injection were obtained by thawing ampules stored at −195°C in a mixture of 10% dimethyl sulfoxide and RPMI 1640 culture medium. Cells were resuspended in Hank's balanced salt solution and 15% fetal calf serum on ice. Solutions had 90% cell viability, and animals received a dose in the range of 3 to 13 × 106 cells. Eight animals developed tumors and became paraparetic on the 9th to 14th postinjection day. Metrizamide myelography in three animals revealed complete blocks; two animals underwent spinal computerized tomography (CT) and demonstrated syringohydromyelia. Histology revealed the tumors to be highly vascular primitive neoplasms that invaded the surrounding cord. This spinal cord tumor model is large enough to be operated on, studied by CT and myelography, and subjected to pharmacological, electrophysiological, and blood flow study.

Ligamentum flavum hematoma in the rigid thoracic spinal segments

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naohisa Miyakoshi ◽  
Yoichi Shimada ◽  
Kyoji Okada ◽  
Michio Hongo ◽  
Yuji Kasukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Facet Joint ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Case ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Thoracolumbar Region ◽  
Spinal Segments

✓ Ligamentum flavum hematoma, a rare cause of spinal nerve root and canal compression, typically occurs in the mobile lumbar spine segments. A thoracic ligamentum flavum hematoma is extremely rare—only one such case of a thoracolumbar (T11–12) lesion has been reported. The thoracolumbar region with its floating ribs, however, is structurally and biomechanically similar to the lumbar spine and its mobility is greater than the higher thoracic levels. To the best of their knowledge, the authors report the first case of a ligamentum flavum hematoma in the region of the rigid thoracic spinal segments with the contiguous rib cage. A symptomatic T9–10 ligamentum flavum hematoma is described in the case of a 66-year-old woman with compensatory thoracic lordosis secondary to the lumbar degenerative kyphosis. The hematoma was removed and the diagnosis was histologically confirmed. The authors speculate that thoracic lordosis might have contributed to the development of the hematoma because the ligamentum flavum and the facet joint were subjected to greater axial stress than in individuals with normal spinal alignment.

Does dexamethasone inhibit the growth of human gliomas?

1977 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 864-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gajanan V. Sherbet ◽  
M. S. Lakshmi ◽  
Salim K. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Generation Time ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Gliomas ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Dexamethasone (104M) was shown to inhibit the growth of human gliomas in culture. This was indicated by the inhibition of incorporation of radioactively labeled thymidine into the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the cells, and by the increase in the generation time of cells exposed to the drug in vitro. On the other hand, tumors obtained from patients who had received dexamethasone before craniotomy grew considerably faster in vitro than tumors from patients who had not been given the drug before operation.

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