Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in the maxillary gingiva of a Maltese dog: a case report

A 13-year-old castrated male Maltese dog was presented to a local animal hospital with an oral hemorrhage. An intraoral examination revealed an irregular proliferated lobular mass at the right side of the maxillary gingiva and hard palate. A surgically excised mass was requested for a histopathology examination. Histopathologically, the neoplastic foci were composed of biphasic morphologic patterns, such as primitive mesenchymal tissue and mature or immature cartilage tissue. Immunohistochemically, most of the neoplastic cells forming cartilaginous islands tested positive for S-100; the surrounding mesenchymal cells tested positive for vimentin. This paper describes a rare case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in the maxillary gingiva of a Maltese dog.

Giant hamartomatous polyp of the uterine cervix with heterologous mesenchymal tissue in a child: a case report

Background Polyps of the uterine cervix are one of the most common benign hyperplastic lesions occurring in the female genital tract that usually arise from the endocervical canal and are believed to be the result of reactive changes due to long-standing chronic inflammation, multiparty, and foreign bodies. Cervical polyps are usually small in size (less than 4 cm) that are commonly found in adult women; however, a few cases of giant polyps and the rare occurrence of these lesions in children have also been reported. Heterotopias and malignant transformation in cervical polyps are considered to be very rare. Case presentation We present the case of a 10-year-old Afghan girl with a giant pedunculated mass protruding out of the uterine cervix that was accompanied by abdominal pain and mass sensation. The mass was completely excised by surgical intervention and the specimen was submitted for histopathological evaluation. Upon gross and microscopic examination, the characteristic findings of a hamartomatous polyp with heterologous mesenchymal tissue in the form of mature cartilage were seen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a giant (17.5 cm) hamartomatous polyp of the uterine cervix in this age group. Conclusion Giant hamartomatous cervical polyps rarely occur in patients below 10 years of age. The majority of these lesions are benign; however, a few cases with malignant transformation are also reported, which demands elaborate investigations into the etiopathogenesis and nature of the lesions.

Aggressive Embryonal Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma in an Adolescent

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a highly malignant neoplasm originating mainly from undifferentiated mesenchymal tissue. It is one of the commonest soft tissue neoplasms in the head and neck region, with an incidence of 4.3 cases per million.1 Approximately 10 % of the cases reported occur in the orbit. It is considered a disease of young children with strong male prevalence.2 This article presents a case of a 12- year-old girl with embryonal orbital rhabdomyosarcoma which is a rare occurrence among adolescents and its management challenges.

DESMOPLASTIC SMALL ROUND CELL TUMOR: A CASE REPORT

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor is a rare, highly malignant neoplasm originating from mesenchymal tissue which was initially described in 1 1991 by Gerald and Rosai. It is composed of small round tumor cells of uncertain histogenesis associated with prominent stromal desmoplasia and 2 polyphenotypic differentiation. It typically occurs in adolescents and young adults. Usually presents with widespread abdominal, serosal, and mesenteric involvement with poor prognosis.

A RARE CASE REPORT OF PARATESTICULAR RHABDOMYOSARCOMA IN AN ADULT PATIENT

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignancy of mesenchymal tissue origin typically occurring in childhood and adolescence, with an incidence rate of of 4.3 patients per million population per anum. Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of para-testicular origin is an infrequent condition, making up to 7% of all the cases of rhabdomyosarcoma tumors in children and adolescents. Here we describe a case of a 25 years old man with left paratesticular solid mass. He underwent left sided orchiectomy with histopathology revealing paratesticuler embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. He underwent definitive chemo-radiotherapy and orchidopexy with complete remission and is on active surveillance for 4 years.

Study of Expression of P53 in Prostatic Lesions

Prostate gland is an accessory gland of the male reproductive system.Prostate begins development from the mesenchymal tissue, surrounding the urogenital sinus in the 3 rd month of gestation. Epithelial buds invaginate from the posterior sinus on either side of verumontanum. Concurrently, Wolffian ducts develop into seminal vesicles, epididymis, Vasdeferens and ejaculatory ducts that are stimulated by fetal testosterone. Histologically all malignant lesions encountered were Conventional Adenocarcinoma of Prostate. The commonest pattern seen was acinar followed bycribriform and fused glandularpattern. Conventional Adenocarcinoma forms the most commontype of prostatic carcinoma and they are moderately differentiated byGleason’s microscopicgrading. Serum Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) levels increases proportionately with advancing clinical stage. Studies have shownthat serial increase in serum PSA is associated with incidence of occult carcinoma.In the present study, the TURP specimen received was ranged in the volume from 8 to 20cc. Every tissue was carefully examined for the presence of yellow and firm or gray hard areas and necrotic areas. After fixation and processing, 4 -5µ sections were cut and Hematoxylin and Eosin staining was done. In the present study all the benign lesions stained negative except for cases were the PSA value is more than >50ng/ml with p53 IHC and in prostate carcinoma positive indicating epithelial marker positive for prostate gland. In coclusio, the IHC expression of p53 is significantly up- regulated in malignant lesions and have importance in prognostic factors and disease survival.

Sarcomas of the Larynx: One Institution’s Experience and Treatment Protocol Analyses

Soft tissue sarcomas in the head and neck are rare malignancies. They occur in this area in less than 1% of all malignant tumors. Some authors have described the development of sarcoma from the mesenchymal tissue in the larynx. The histological diagnosis of a sarcoma depends on the immunohistochemical investigation. In particularly difficult diagnoses, electron microscopy has to be used. The treatment recommendation depends on the histological type of sarcoma. We analysed and summarized data on the diagnostic criteria and therapy for sarcoma of the larynx presented in the literature. We present three new cases of laryngeal sarcoma and describe the analyses of the published diagnostic and treatment schedules of laryngeal sarcomas. We developed a treatment protocol recommendation for laryngeal sarcoma based on an analysis of literature data and case reports. This recommendation is based on histological type, staging, grading, size, and survival data.

Developmental Changes in Sublingual Salivary Gland of Indian Buffalo during Prenatal and Neonatal Life

Background: The sublingual salivary gland being one of the major salivary glands contributes to a substantial amount of saliva secreted into the mouth. Saliva contains water, various enzymes, mucopolysaccharides and lubricating glycoproteins. It has an important role in providing lubrication for eating and vocalization, aid digestion and supply saliva for pH buffering. The study of prenatal development is prerequisite to understand the normal developmental biology of an organ. The documentation of normal foetal growth can serve as a guide for understanding the consequence of harmful influences at various stages of gestation. The present study was aimed at elucidating the histogenesis of sublingual gland of buffalo during prenatal as well as neonatal life.Methods: The study was carried out on 36 buffalo foetuses, during different stages of prenatal development, as well as 6 neonates. The fetuses were categorized into three groups based on their curved crown rump length (CVRL). The ontogenetic events in histogenesis of sublingual salivary gland of foetal and neonatal buffaloes were observed.Result: The primordial anlage of monostomatic and polystomatic parts of sublingual gland was observed at 39th day and 53rd day of development respectively. The primary ducts (interlobular) were first observed at 80th day of development. The lobulation of the gland was started at 107th day of development, whereas the capsule formation was initiated by the aggregation of mesenchymal tissue at 121st day of development. The duct system was completed at 121st day of development. At same day, the terminal tubules attained the structure of the acini. The typical compound tubulo-acinar nature was first observed at 122nd day of development. The gland showed predominantly mucous type of cells at 137th day of development. The myoepithelial cells were first appeared at 138th day of development. The monostomatic and polystomatic parts were clearly distinguishable by connective tissue at 170th day of development. In neonates, the gland was of compound tubulo-acinar nature with a well-defined capsule. Localization of acidic and neutral mucopolysaccharides was observed in mucous and goblet cells. Fine lipid droplets were observed in intralobular as well as interlobular connective tissue, however, phospholipids were found in the cell membrane of secretory acinar cells and ducts.

Intracranial Malignant Triton Tumor in Children: A Case Report

: Malignant triton tumor (MTT) is a rare, aggressive type of tumor that commonly originates from mesenchymal tissue and is mainly found in adults. Herein, we report a single case of a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with intracranial MTT. This report presents the clinical features and imaging findings of MTT. The 12-year-old patient consulted the hospital due to intermittent dizziness and headache. Computed tomography (CT) showed low-density space-occupying lesion in the left parietal fossa. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a mass shadow with slightly long T1 and long T2 signal intensity in the same area. Contrast enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) showed obvious enhancement of the lesion. He was diagnosed with meningioma and underwent surgery. Postoperative histopathological examination diagnosed the lesion as MTT. Two months after the operation, CT examination showed tumor recurrence. He then underwent local radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and unfortunately, died six months later. Intracranial MTT should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses of intracranial meningiomas. CT and MRI are of great significance in the identification of lesion location, invasion range, and degree of malignancy. Final diagnosis of intracranial MTT requires histopathological examination. MTT has a poor prognosis, and surgical resection of the tumor is the preferred treatment. Intervention after early diagnosis is the key to improve the outcome of patients.