Intracarotid hydroxyethyl methacrylate solution causing stroke in dogs

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-759
Author(s):  
Phillip Purdy ◽  
Charles L. White ◽  
Hunt Batjer ◽  
Kirk Brewer ◽  
Kurt Hodges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Interventional Neuroradiology ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intravascular Thrombosis ◽  
Foreign Substance ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) has been advocated as a polymerizing solution with which to prevent deflation of detachable balloons in interventional neuroradiology. It is pertinent to know if unpolymerized HEMA would have untoward effects if accidentally released into the carotid artery by balloon rupture or deflation. Seven mongrel dogs underwent transfemoral catheterization of the common carotid artery and subsequent injection of HEMA solution in volumes of 1 cc in five dogs, 2 cc in one, and 4 cc in one. Angiography performed at the time of injection revealed evidence of intravascular thrombosis as well as possible spasm. Three surviving animals were sacrificed at 48 hours; the brains were fixed and examined histopathologically. One brain was normal and one was autolyzed and could not be examined. Five of the seven animals had histopathologically documented cerebral infarctions of varying size. No foreign substance was seen within the blood vessels to suggest intravascular polymerization. The animals injected with 2 or 4 cc HEMA solution did not survive 48 hours. Literature review reveals little documentation of the toxicology of intravascular HEMA. With its increasing popularity as a compound for polymerization in detachable balloons introduced into the brain, further investigations are warranted to understand the physical properties of the compound and potential risks of its use.

Experimental induction of cerebral aneurysms in monkeys

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 903-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuo Hashimoto ◽  
Choegon Kim ◽  
Haruhiko Kikuchi ◽  
Masayuki Kojima ◽  
Yoo Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Experimental Hypertension ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Experimental Induction ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Saccular cerebral aneurysms were successfully induced in two monkeys treated with ligation of the common carotid artery, experimental hypertension, and β-aminopropionitrile feeding. The cerebral aneurysms developed on the large arteries at the base of the brain, such as the anterior communicating artery and the internal carotid artery at the origin of the posterior communicating artery. Because of the similarity of the monkey to man as a species, the present results strongly suggest the significance of postnatal aggravating factors in the development of cerebral aneurysms in man.

Obliteration of experimental aneurysms in dogs with isobutyl-cyanoacrylate

1984 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard M. Debrun ◽  
Vassilis Varsos ◽  
Theodore M. Liszczak ◽  
Kenneth R. Davis ◽  
Roberto S. Heros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Direct Vision ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Femoral Catheterization ◽  
The Common ◽  
Carotid Aneurysms ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Experimental cervical carotid aneurysms in dogs are obliterated with isobutyl-cyanoacrylate (IBCA) injected under direct vision into the aneurysm. Reflux of IBCA into the artery was prevented by inflating either a latex or a Silastic balloon in the carotid artery at the level of the neck of the aneurysm. This balloon was introduced through a catheter advanced into the common carotid artery by femoral catheterization. The Silastic balloon was found to be much more effective than the latex balloon in preventing spillage of IBCA into the lumen.

Atypical fibromuscular hyperplasia

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fremont P. Wirth ◽  
William A. Miller ◽  
A. Preston Russell
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Report ◽  
Fourth Report ◽  
Fibromuscular Hyperplasia ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Two cases of atypical fibromuscular hyperplasia of the internal carotid artery (ICA) are reported. These cases are unique because the changes involve the intima of the vessels without involvement of medial structures as seen in the more common form of fibromuscular hyperplasia. Case 1 is only the fourth report of a symptomatic fibromuscular stenosis at the origin of the ICA. Case 2 is the first report of fibromuscular hyperplasia involving the common carotid artery. Changes similar to those in Case 2 (an elongated area of tubular fibromuscular stenosis) have been reported in the ICA. These atypical or intimal forms of fibromuscular hyperplasia appear to be more common in males and blacks, and may be more often unilateral as well.

The effect of cervical carotid ligation on giant intracranial aneurysms

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Tytus ◽  
Arthur A. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Endocrine Dysfunction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carotid Ligation ◽  
Visual Field Deficits ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Two patients with giant aneurysms of the internal carotid artery showed progressive visual field deficits, and one, endocrine dysfunction. Neither patient had ever had symptoms suggesting subarachnoid hemorrhage. Both patients benefitted from common carotid ligation. Comparable reports are reviewed, and the application of a previously reported technique for monitoring gradual occlusion of the common carotid artery is emphasized.

Extrasellar extension of a pituitary adenoma in a patient with a normal-sized sella turcica and impaired vision from an atheromatous carotid artery

1973 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Clifford ◽  
Dean H. Echols
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
The Other ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Impaired Vision ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Chromophobe adenomas rarely invade the brain without causing enlargement of the sella turcica and without compressing the optic nerves or chiasm. Such a case is reported, in which the patient made a complete recovery after surgical removal of the tumor. Five years later impaired vision in the other eye suggested recurrence of the adenoma. This time surgical intervention disclosed compression of the optic nerve by an atheromatous carotid artery.

Hemorrhage from a previously undemonstrated intracranial aneurysm as a late complication of carotid artery ligation

1977 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 654-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Klemme
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysm ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carotid Artery Ligation ◽  
Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysm ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case is reported in which the patient underwent ligation of the common carotid artery as treatment for a ruptured intracranial aneurysm. Nine years later a second subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred from a new or previously undemonstrated intracranial aneurysm. Recannulation of the ligated carotid artery was demonstrated by arteriography. Similar cases are cited from the literature.

Pathogenesis of hematogenous bacterial meningitis in rabbits

1976 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Karl Gregorius ◽  
B. Lamar Johnson ◽  
W. Eugene Stern ◽  
W. Jann Brown
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bacterial Proliferation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors present data obtained from a series of 27 rabbits studied following intracarotid injection of saline, brain-heart infusion broth, aerobic, or anaerobic bacteria. These data support the hypothesis that injection of cultures of both aerobic and anaerobic organisms by way of the carotid artery disrupts the blood-brain barrier over the cerebral convexities within 15 minutes; however, the inflammatory response and bacterial proliferation occur much more rapidly in the ventricular system. Within 3 hours, the barrier over the convexities is intact, but leukocytes and organisms may be seen in the long cilia of the aqueductal region. A relative failure of leucotaxis over the convexities of the brain is the most likely explanation of these preliminary findings in this experimental model.

Surgery of posterior communicating artery aneurysms that enlarge after common carotid ligation

1980 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuzo Shiobara ◽  
Shigeo Toya ◽  
Shigemaru Mikouchi ◽  
Ziro Izumi
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Posterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ruptured Aneurysms ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Two patients are reported who were originally treated by ligation of the common carotid artery for ruptured aneurysms of the posterior communicating artery. Long-term follow-up studies showed that the aneurysms had enlarged, and direct surgery of the aneurysms was undertaken.

Radiosurgery for patients with recurrent small cell lung carcinoma metastatic to the brain: outcomes and prognostic factors

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (Special_Supplement) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Sheehan ◽  
Douglas Kondziolka ◽  
John Flickinger ◽  
L. Dade Lunsford
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Lung carcinoma is the leading cause of death from cancer. More than 50% of those with small cell lung cancer develop a brain metastasis. Corticosteroid agents, radiotherapy, and resection have been the mainstays of treatment. Nonetheless, median survival for patients with small cell lung carcinoma metastasis is approximately 4 to 5 months after cranial irradiation. In this study the authors examine the efficacy of gamma knife surgery for treating recurrent small cell lung carcinoma metastases to the brain following tumor growth in patients who have previously undergone radiation therapy, and they evaluate factors affecting survival. Methods. A retrospective review of 27 patients (47 recurrent small cell lung cancer brain metastases) undergoing radiosurgery was performed. Clinical and radiographic data obtained during a 14-year treatment period were collected. Multivariate analysis was utilized to determine significant prognostic factors influencing survival. The overall median survival was 18 months after the diagnosis of brain metastases. In multivariate analysis, factors significantly affecting survival included: 1) tumor volume (p = 0.0042); 2) preoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale score (p = 0.0035); and 3) time between initial lung cancer diagnosis and development of brain metastasis (p = 0.0127). Postradiosurgical imaging of the brain metastases revealed that 62% decreased, 19% remained stable, and 19% eventually increased in size. One patient later underwent a craniotomy and tumor resection for a tumor refractory to radiosurgery and radiation therapy. In three patients new brain metastases were demonstrating on follow-up imaging. Conclusions. Stereotactic radiosurgery for recurrent small cell lung carcinoma metastases provided effective local tumor control in the majority of patients. Early detection of brain metastases, aggressive treatment of systemic disease, and a therapeutic strategy including radiosurgery can extend survival.

Relief of facial pain after combined removal of precentral and postcentral cortex

1971 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Lende ◽  
Wolff M. Kirsch ◽  
Ralph Druckman
Keyword(s):  
Facial Pain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Nerve Section ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Burning Pain ◽  
Cortical Localization ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Frontal Lobotomy

✓ Cortical removals which included precentral and postcentral facial representations resulted in relief of facial pain in two patients. Because of known failures following only postcentral (SmI) ablations, these operations were designed to eliminate also the cutaneous afferent projection to the precentral gyrus (MsI) and the second somatic sensory area (SmII). In one case burning pain developed after a stroke involving the brain stem and was not improved by total fifth nerve section; prompt relief followed corticectomy and lasted until death from heart disease 20 months later. In the other case persistent steady pain that developed after fifth rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia proved refractory to frontal lobotomy; relief after corticectomy was immediate and has lasted 14 months. Cortical localization was established by stimulation under local anesthesia. Each removal extended up to the border of the arm representation and down to the upper border of the insula. Such a resection necessarily included SmII, and in one case responses presumably from SmII were obtained before removal. The suggestions of Biemond (1956) and Poggio and Mountcastle (1960) that SmII might be concerned with pain sensibility may be pertinent in these cases.

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