Cerebellopontomandibular vascular malformation: a rare type of cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Seung Kang ◽  
Moon Hee Han ◽  
Bae Ju Kwon ◽  
Byung-Woo Yoon ◽  
Kee-Hyun Chang
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Gait Ataxia ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Lower Face ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Facial Region ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
Type 3

✓ The concept of a cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome (CAMS) recently has been posited. A 22-year-old woman presented with gait ataxia. She had unilateral angiomatous lesions involving the lower face, the auricle, and the retromastoid area, as well as the tongue on the right side. Angiography revealed the presence of extensive arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the ipsilateral cerebellum and pons, in addition to those located in the facial region. The authors report a case of multiple AVMs of the face, cerebellum, and pons, corresponding to CAMS Type 3, and include a review of the literature.

A new rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion associated with arteriovenous malformations

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1198-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Hai ◽  
Meixiu Ding ◽  
Zhilin Guo ◽  
Bingyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fine Print

Object. A new experimental model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was developed to study the effects of systemic arterial shunting and obstruction of the primary vessel that drains intracranial venous blood on cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), as well as cerebral pathological changes during restoration of normal perfusion pressure. Methods. Twenty-four Sprague—Dawley rats were randomly assigned to either a sham-operated group, an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) group, or a model group (eight rats each). The animal model was readied by creating a fistula through an end-to-side anastomosis between the right distal external jugular vein (EJV) and the ispilateral common carotid artery (CCA), followed by ligation of the left vein draining the transverse sinus and bilateral external carotid arteries. Systemic mean arterial pressure (MAP), draining vein pressure (DVP), and CPP were monitored and compared among the three groups preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and again 90 days later. Following occlusion of the fistula after a 90-day interval, blood—brain barrier (BBB) disruption and water content in the right cortical tissues of the middle cerebral artery territory were confirmed and also quantified with transmission electron microscopy. Formation of a fistula resulted in significant decreases in MAP and CPP, and a significant increase in DVP in the AVF and model groups. Ninety days later, there were still significant increases in DVP and decreases in CPP in the model group compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). Damage to the BBB and brain edema were noted in animals in the model group during restoration of normal perfusion pressure by occlusion of the fistula. Electron microscopy studies revealed cerebral vasogenic edema and/or hemorrhage in various amounts, which correlated with absent astrocytic foot processes surrounding some cerebral capillaries. Conclusions. The results demonstrated that an end-to-side anastomosis between the distal EJV and CCA can induce a decrease in CPP, whereas a further chronic state of cerebral hypoperfusion may be caused by venous outflow restriction, which is associated with perfusion pressure breakthrough. This animal model conforms to the basic hemodynamic characteristics of human cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

The influence of operational excellence on the culture and agility of organizations: evidence from industry

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
André M. Carvalho ◽  
Paulo Sampaio ◽  
Eric Rebentisch ◽  
João Álvaro Carvalho ◽  
Pedro Saraiva
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Organizational Dynamics ◽  
Organizational Agility ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Cultural Paradigm ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
Operational Excellence

PurposeThis article offers a novel approach that brings together management, engineering and organizational behavior. It focuses on the understanding of organizational dynamics in an era of technological change, upholding the importance of organizational agility and of the cultural paradigm in the management of organizations.Design/methodology/approachIn this work, the authors present the conclusions from a set of studies carried out in organizations operating in technical and technological industries. The authors assessed the capabilities of these organizations in terms of operational excellence maturity and its impact on the organizational culture and organizational agility.FindingsResults show the importance of operational excellence either in developing or expanding organizational agility capabilities while reinforcing the cruciality of an excellence-oriented culture to sustain these efforts over time.Originality/valueIncreasingly unstable business environments have led to a growing interest in how to develop and maintain operational excellence in the face of continued and disruptive change. However, this interest has, so far, been advanced with little empirical evidence to support the corresponding predictions. This work offers the first practical evidence that continued focus and optimization of operations, with the right cultural alignment, helps organizations survive and thrive in increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environments.

Associated arteriovenous malformation of the orbit and brain: a case of Wyburn-Mason syndrome without retinal involvement

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco A. Ponce ◽  
Patrick P. Han ◽  
Robert F. Spetzler ◽  
Alexa Canady ◽  
Iman Feiz-Erfan
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
Fourth Case ◽  
The Face ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Wyburn-Mason syndrome is a rare condition associated with multiple cerebral arteriovenous malformations. The disease, also called retinoencephalofacial angiomatosis, includes lesions of the retina, brain, and skin. This disorder stems from a vascular dysgenesis of the embryological anterior plexus early in the gestational period when the primitive vascular mesoderm is shared by the involved structures. The timing of the insult to the embryonic tissue determines which structures are affected. Extensions of the lesions vary widely but cutaneous lesions are unusual. Among reports in the literature, only three cases appear to have manifested without retinal involvement. The authors report the fourth case of Wyburn-Mason syndrome in which there was no retinal involvement and the first to involve neither the retina nor the face.

Multiple choroid plexus papillomas of the lateral ventricle distinct from villous hypertrophy

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuo Yoshino ◽  
Yoichi Katayama ◽  
Takao Watanabe ◽  
Jun Kurihara ◽  
Shigeyoshi Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Left Lateral Ventricle ◽  
The Right ◽  
Choroid Plexus Papillomas ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Except for villous hypertrophy of the choroid plexus that may not be true tumors, multiple choroid plexus papillomas are extremely rare. The authors report a case involving multiple choroid plexus papillomas that were distinct from villous hypertrophy. These lesions were localized, one in the atrium of the right lateral ventricle and the other in the inferior horn of the left lateral ventricle. A review of the literature revealed that this case represented the first reported case of true multiple choroid plexus papillomas documented by findings on magnetic resonance imaging.

scholarly journals Affect State Classification from Face Segments using Resnet-50 and SE-Resnet-50

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Lower Segment ◽  
Facial Region ◽  
The Face ◽  
Full Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
Affect States ◽  
Affect State

One of the important components of an intelligent Human computer Interface system is accurate classification of the various affect states. Such interface systems are however plagued by a recurring problem of image occlusion. The challenge hence is to be able to classify the various affect states accurately from whatever portions of the face are available to the system. This paper attempts to investigate if there are segments within the facial region which carry sufficient information about the affect states. In this paper we have used two pre-defined Convolutional Neural networks (CNN). We have implemented a ResNet-50 network and a modified version of ResNet-50 which has a Squeeze and Excitation network connected to ResNet-50. This is called SE-ResNet-50. We use these two networks to classify seven basic affect states of Angry, Contempt, Disgust, Fear, Happy, Sad and Surprise from various segments of the face. We partition the face into four regions with each region comprising of only 50% of the original data. The results obtained are compared with that obtained using the full face. The validation accuracy values are obtained for full face as well as the four segments of the face. The paper also calculates precision and recall for each partitioned area for each of the affect states using the two networks. Our evaluation shows that both, ResNet-50 as well as SE-ResNet-50 are successful in accurately classifying all the 7 affect state from the Right segment, Left segment Lower segment and Upper segment of the face. While ResNet-50 performs marginally better compared to the SE-ResNet-50 in identifying the various affect states form the right, left and lower segments of the face, SE-ResNet-50 performs better in identifying the affect states from the upper segment of the face. We can thus conclude that right segment, left segment, lower segment and upper segments of the face contain sufficient information to correctly classify the seven affect states. The experimental results presented in this paper show that pre-defined Convolutional Neural Networks gives us very high accuracy, precision and recall values and hence can be used to accurately classify affect states even when there are occlusions present in the image and only certain portions of the face are available for analysis.

Jugnoo: expansion or consolidation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Sushmita Biswal Waraich ◽  
Ajay Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Chief Executive ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Short Period ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right

Learning outcomes The student will be able to understand the concept of spotting an opportunity and exploiting the same. The student will be able to comprehend the various challenges faced in the development of a business idea. The student will be able to understand the strategies that need to be adopted to cope with and grow, in a competitive business environment. Case overview/synopsis Samar Singla, the Chief Executive Officer of Jugnoo, had sensed a business opportunity in auto rickshaw aggregation. He was convinced that being among the initial players in the market of auto rickshaw aggregation, there would be very little competition. He only had to play his cards right, to become the top auto aggregator. As Singla started the business, there were challenges like inducting the auto rickshaw drivers as partners, training them, hiring the right team, putting the right strategies in place and to expand the business. Singla launched and achieved robust growth in the new business, in a short period of time. Soon, however, Jugnoo felt competition breathing down their neck – form cab aggregators who were already dominant players in the cabs aggregation segment, in the large cities. To hedge their risks, Singla added other services such as “Meal” (meal delivery) and “Fatafat” (goods delivery) – as B2C and B2B services. These services, however, had to be closed soon after because of stiff competition from the local players. Singla also adopted the inorganic growth path by acquiring “Sabkuch,” a grocery delivery logistics firm; “Yelo,” a platform that provided online access to businesses and “BookMyCab,” a taxi aggregation company. Faced with tapering growth after an initial steep rise, Singla had to confront a dilemma about the right method of ensuring growth in the face of competition. Complexity academic level Under graduate, masters in business administration and post graduation in the areas of entrepreneurship and strategy. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

scholarly journals Differences in Facial Expressions between Spontaneous and Posed Smiles: Automated Method by Action Units and Three-Dimensional Facial Landmarks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199
Author(s):  
Seho Park ◽  
Kunyoung Lee ◽  
Jae-A Lim ◽  
Hyunwoong Ko ◽  
Taehoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lower Face ◽  
Facial Landmarks ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Discrete Movement ◽  
The Face ◽  
Upper Face ◽  
The Right

Research on emotion recognition from facial expressions has found evidence of different muscle movements between genuine and posed smiles. To further confirm discrete movement intensities of each facial segment, we explored differences in facial expressions between spontaneous and posed smiles with three-dimensional facial landmarks. Advanced machine analysis was adopted to measure changes in the dynamics of 68 segmented facial regions. A total of 57 normal adults (19 men, 38 women) who displayed adequate posed and spontaneous facial expressions for happiness were included in the analyses. The results indicate that spontaneous smiles have higher intensities for upper face than lower face. On the other hand, posed smiles showed higher intensities in the lower part of the face. Furthermore, the 3D facial landmark technique revealed that the left eyebrow displayed stronger intensity during spontaneous smiles than the right eyebrow. These findings suggest a potential application of landmark based emotion recognition that spontaneous smiles can be distinguished from posed smiles via measuring relative intensities between the upper and lower face with a focus on left-sided asymmetry in the upper region.

The merger of Baltimore Hebrew University with Towson University: three leadership models converge

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1595-1613
Author(s):  
Hana Bor ◽  
Rebecca Shargel
Keyword(s):  
Private University ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Public University ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Hebrew University ◽  
The Right

PurposeThe study aims to learn how a small private university dedicated to Judaic studies successfully merged with a large public university? Our study investigates how Baltimore Hebrew University (BHU) successfully integrated into the much larger Towson University (TU), while maintaining its unique Jewish identity.Design/methodology/approachHow did leadership facilitate a successful merging of a small private university with a large public university? Our case study investigates how BHU successfully integrated into the much larger TU. Given that past research has focused primarily on the financial aspects, the purpose of the present study is to analyze how leaders successfully navigated the complex processes of integrating the two institutions through envisioning, communicating and planning effectively. This research uniquely investigates the role of leadership as the driving force in moving the merger forward and facilitating the process. The authors analyzed the circumstances that facilitated the merger and discovered that leadership pushed this merger forward, particularly the confluence of three approaches—visionary, transformational and servant leadership. This research has implications for guiding future mergers of smaller colleges with larger universities. This case study is particularly timely, during this uncertain age of COVID-19, when many universities are considering creative solutions, including potential mergers with other institutions, in the face of increasing financial difficulties.FindingsImplications of this research can help illuminate future mergers of smaller colleges with larger universities in cases where the smaller institution desires to retain its strong cultural or historical identity. The authors found that the “right leadership on the ground” is a crucial component needed for a successful merger, particularly in a higher education setting.Research limitations/implicationsOur research provides a concrete example that can be used help campus administrators assess whether they have the leadership structure in place to successfully navigate a merger as a path forward.Originality/valueThis case study is particularly timely, during this uncertain age of COVID-19, when many universities are considering creative solutions, including potential mergers with other institutions, in the face of increasing financial difficulties.

Extracranial aneurysm arising from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Hirschfeld ◽  
Eugene S. Flamm
Keyword(s):  
Similar Case ◽  
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case is presented of an aneurysm arising from an extracranial loop of the right posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). No similar case has been found in a review of the literature. The anatomy of the PICA is discussed, and the literature on aneurysms arising from this artery is summarized.

scholarly journals Robotic Stroking on the Face and Forearm: Touch Satiety and Effects on Mechanical Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Taneja ◽  
Lene Baad-Hansen ◽  
Sumaiya Shaikh ◽  
Peter Svensson ◽  
Håkan Olausson
Keyword(s):  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Pain Thresholds ◽  
Facial Region ◽  
Thermal Pain ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
Over Time

Background: Slow stroking touch is generally perceived as pleasant and reduces thermal pain. However, the tactile stimuli applied tend to be short-lasting and typically applied to the forearm. This study aimed to compare the effects of a long-lasting brushing stimulus applied to the facial region and the forearm on pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) taken on the hand. Outcome measurements were touch satiety and concurrent mechanical pain thresholds of the hand.Methods: A total of 24 participants were recruited and randomized to receive continuous stroking, utilizing a robotic stimulator, at C-tactile (CT) favorable (3 cm/s) and non-favorable (30 cm/s) velocities applied to the right face or forearm. Ratings of touch pleasantness and unpleasantness and PPTs from the hypothenar muscle of the right hand were collected at the start of stroking and once per minute for 5 min.Results: A reduction in PPTs (increased pain sensitivity) was observed over time (P &lt; 0.001). However, the increase in pain sensitivity was less prominent when the face was stroked compared to the forearm (P = 0.001). Continuous stroking resulted in a significant interaction between region and time (P = 0.008) on pleasantness ratings, with a decline in ratings observed over time for the forearm, but not on the face. Unpleasantness ratings were generally low.Conclusion: We observed touch satiety for 5 min of continuous robotic brushing on the forearm confirming previous studies. However, we did not observe any touch satiety for brushing the face. Mechanical pain sensitivity, measured in the hand, increased over the 5-min period but less so when paired with brushing on the face than with brushing on the forearm. The differential effects of brushing on the face and forearm on touch satiety and pain modulation may be by the differences in the emotional relevance and neuronal pathways involved.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document